Kodi mukudziwa bwino lomwe kuti endothelin ili m'thupi lanu? Kodi imakhudza bwanji kuthamanga kwa magazi athu!

Kodi munamvapo mawu oti 'Endothelin'? Mwina munamvapo dokotala akutchula dzinali kwa inu kapena kwa munthu wina m'banja mwanu akamalankhula za mankhwala, kapena mwina munaliwona kwinakwake akamawerenga za matenda. Ngakhale kuti ichi ndi chinthu chaching'ono chomwe chimapangidwa m'thupi mwathu, chimagwira ntchito yabwino kwambiri yosunga kuthamanga kwa magazi, kapena 'kupanikizika' monga momwe tonse tikudziwira, pamlingo woyenera. Komabe, ngati endothelin iyi ikukula m'thupi mopitirira muyeso, mavuto osiyanasiyana azaumoyo angabuke. Chifukwa chake, lero tikambirana za endothelin iyi ndi zomwe imachita m'thupi lathu m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Ndiye kodi endothelin iyi ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, endothelin ndi puloteni yaying'ono yomwe imathandiza kuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu. Kunena zoona, ndi peptide. Ma peptide ndi maunyolo afupiafupi a mapuloteni opangidwa ndi zinthu zazing'ono zotchedwa amino acid. Izi zimathandizanso kupanga mapuloteni akuluakulu m'thupi lathu.

Kodi mukudziwa amene amapanga endothelin iyi? Pali maselo mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Imatchedwa endothelium. Apa ndiye malo akuluakulu m'thupi lathu omwe amapanga endothelin.

Kodi endothelium ndi chiyani? Kodi mungandifotokozere pang'ono?

Taganizirani za mitsempha ya magazi m'thupi lathu lonse ngati netiweki ya mapaipi omwe amanyamula madzi. Mkati mwa mapaipi amenewo, kumbali yomwe magazi amayenda, muli ndi gawo lochepa kwambiri la maselo. Gawo limenelo la maselo limatchedwa endothelium . Ngakhale kuti zingawoneke zodabwitsa, limaonedwanso kuti ndi limodzi mwa ziwalo zazikulu kwambiri m'thupi lathu!

Maselo a endothelial awa amatulutsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zinthuzi zimayang'anira kufalikira ndi kufupika kwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi, komwe kumatchedwa vascular tone . Kamvekedwe ka mitsempha yamagazi kameneka kamatsimikizira momwe mtima wathu uyenera kupopera magazi komanso momwe umagwirira ntchito molimbika kuti uzungulire magazi m'thupi lonse.

Endothelium ndi endothelin zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zigwire ntchito zina zofunika:

• Zimathandiza kuti magazi aziundana. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri kuti magazi asiye kutuluka mukavulala.
• Imalamulira kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi mchere (electrolytes) m'magazi athu.
• Zimathandizanso kuletsa kutupa mwa kuletsa poizoni kulowa m'thupi lathu.

Ndiye kodi endothelin imachita chiyani m'thupi?

Tanena kale kuti endothelin ndi chinthu chomwe chimathandiza kuchepetsa mitsempha yamagazi. Ndipotu, endothelin ndiye vasoconstrictor yamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tifotokoze mwachidule mawu awa:

• Gawo la "Vaso" limatanthauza mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi lathu la mtima.
• "Constrictor" kapena "kuchepetsa"Kutsekeka kumatanthauza kuti mitsempha yamagazi imachepa kapena kutsekeka. Izi zimachepetsa kuyenda kwa magazi, ndipo nthawi zina zimayimitsa.

Choncho, chomwe endothelin imachita ndikuwonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi. Mitsempha yamagazi ikachepa, mtima umayenera kugwira ntchito molimbika kuti upompe magazi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati kuchuluka kwa endothelin kukwera?

Kawirikawiri, endothelin imagwira ntchito bwino m'thupi lathu. Komabe, ngati pazifukwa zina kuchuluka kwa endothelin m'thupi kukwera, kungayambitse matenda angapo omwe amawononga mtima ndi mapapo athu . Tangoganizirani zomwe zimachitika ngati chitoliro cha madzi chatsekeka kwambiri. Zili choncho.

Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingayambitsidwe ndi kuchuluka kwa endothelin ndi izi:

• Matenda a atherosclerosis (matenda a mitsempha): Pachifukwa ichi, mafuta amasonkhana mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitsempha yamagazi ikhale yopapatiza .
• Matenda a mtima wosweka: Kufooka kwa mtima chifukwa cha kupsinjika mwadzidzidzi.
• Pali mitundu ingapo ya khansa .
• Matenda a mtima : Kufooka kwa minofu ya mtima.
• Matenda a mtima (mtima) ndi kulephera kwa mtima.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya mtima , komanso vuto lotchedwa endothelial dysfunction .
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi preeclampsia .
• Matenda a impso ndi kulephera kwa impso .
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary fibrosis) ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary hypertension ).
• Scleroderma : Kukhuthala kwa khungu ndi minofu yolumikizana.

Tangoganizirani, Nimal wakhala akudwala kuthamanga kwa magazi kwa kanthawi. Dokotalayo anati mitsempha yake ya magazi yachepa pang'ono, ndipo kuchuluka kwa endothelin m'magazi mwake kungakhudze vutoli. Anachenjezanso kuti ngati samwa mankhwala ake moyenera, zingayambitse matenda a mtima. Chifukwa chake, si bwino kutenga vuto la endothelin mopepuka.

Kodi pali mitundu ya endothelin?

Inde, pali mitundu ya ma endothelin. Ofufuza zamankhwala adazindikira koyamba mu 1987. Pali mitundu itatu ikuluikulu ya ma endothelin, omwe amapangidwa ndi ma amino acid peptides anayi. Onse atatu ndi ochepetsa mphamvu ya mitsempha yamagazi.

Mtundu wa endothelin wofala kwambiri komanso wamphamvu kwambiri m'thupi lathu ndi endothelin-1 (ET-1). Ofufuza akuphunzirabe momwe mitundu ina iwiri, endothelin-2 (ET-2) ndi endothelin-3 (ET-3), imakhudzira matupi athu. Pakadali pano, chidwi chachikulu chikuyang'ana pa ET-1.

Kodi ma endothelin receptors ndi chiyani?

Minofu yonse m'thupi lathu ili ndi ma endothelin receptors. Ma receptors awa ali ngati zogwirira zitseko. Pamene mamolekyu a endothelin abwera ndi kumangirira ku ma receptors awa, amatumiza uthenga ku maselo amenewo kuti achitepo kanthu. Umu ndi momwe endothelin imalumikizirana ndi maselo m'thupi lathu lonse.

Kodi kuchuluka kwa endothelin kumayesedwa bwanji?

Ngati madokotala akufuna kudziwa kuchuluka kwa endothelin yanu, adzakuyezani magazi . Izi zimayesa kuchuluka kwa endothelin-1 (ET-1). Imapezeka m'magazi otchedwa plasma. Plasma ndi gawo lamadzimadzi la magazi lomwe limatsala maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera a magazi, ndi ma platelet atachotsedwa.

Kuyezetsa magazi kumeneku kungachitike ku ofesi ya dokotala wanu, kuchipatala, kapena ku labu. Mitundu ina ya endothelin ndi yovuta kuyeza m'magazi mwanjira imeneyi.

Chigawo choyezera cha endothelin ndi picograms pa milliliter (pg/mL).

• Mulingo wabwinobwino wa ET-1 m'magazi mwa munthu wamkulu ndi pafupifupi 1 pg/mL mpaka 2 pg/mL.
• Miyezo ya ET-1 mwa ana aang'ono ndi yokwera pang'ono.
• Komanso, pakhoza kukhala kusiyana pang'ono pakati pa mayiko osiyanasiyana pamlingo uwu.

Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda ena a mtima kapena mapapo, monga kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo, amakhala ndi ET-1 yokwera. Komanso, mankhwala ena a mtima, monga balloon angioplasty, amatha kuwonjezera milingo ya endothelin kwakanthawi.

Kodi Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERA) ndi chiyani?

Awa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa pamene kuchuluka kwa endothelin kukukwera. Endothelin Receptor Antagonists (ERA) amagwira ntchito pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa endothelin m'thupi lathu.

Izi ndi za mtundu wa chithandizo chotchedwa "targeted therapy." Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mankhwalawa amapita ndendende ndipo amaukira maselo omwe ali ndi vuto okha, osawononga kwambiri maselo athanzi. Monga sniper, amagunda ndendende chandamale. Mankhwala a ERA amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza mitundu ina ya kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo (pulmonary arterial hypertension).

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa mankhwala a ERA awa?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala a ERA angayambitse zotsatirapo zina.

• Amayi oyembekezera kapena amayi omwe akuyesera kutenga mimba sayenera kumwa mankhwala awa a ERA. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwalawa angayambitse zilema zobereka mwa mwana wosabadwayo. Nkhaniyi ndi yofunika kwambiri.
• Kawirikawiri, mankhwalawa amatha kuwononga chiwindi. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mayeso a magazi kuti muwone momwe chiwindi chanu chilili nthawi zonse.
• Zotsatira zina zomwe zingakhalepo ndi izi:
• Kudzimbidwa.
• Kutupa kwa nkhope (edema) kapena kutuluka magazi.
• Mutu .
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Kugunda kwa mtima mofulumira komanso kugunda kwa mtima.

Ngati mukumva ngati izi, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kuti achitepo kanthu kofunikira.

Ndiye, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera munkhaniyi? (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Chabwino, takambirana zambiri zokhudza endothelin. Mwachidule:

• Endothelin ndi puloteni yofunika kwambiri yomwe imapangidwa m'thupi yomwe imathandiza kutsekereza mitsempha yamagazi ndikuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Izi zimapangidwa kuchokera ku maselo otchedwa endothelium omwe ali mkati mwa mitsempha yathu yamagazi.
• Ngati kuchuluka kwa endothelin kukwera kwambiri, mitsempha yamagazi imatha kupsinjika kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, ndi matenda a m'mapapo .
• Mulingo wa Endothelin-1 (ET-1) m'magazi ukhoza kuyezedwa ndi mayeso a magazi .
• Mankhwala otchedwa Endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa endothelin. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pochiza kuthamanga kwa magazi m'mapapo.
• Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a ERA, muyenera kusamala kwambiri panthawi ya mimba komanso thanzi la chiwindi chanu.

Kotero, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto la Endothelin, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri kwa dokotala. Ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yakupatsani chidziwitso. Khalani ndi thanzi labwino!

Endothelin , kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima, matenda a m'mapapo, endothelium, ma peptides