Tangoganizirani kuti mwachita ngozi yaikulu kapena mukutuluka magazi ambiri mutachitidwa opaleshoni. Nthawi zina, kungopereka magazi monga mwachizolowezi sikukwanira. Makamaka ngati magazi anu sakuundana bwino, dokotala wanu angasankhe kukupatsani chithandizo chapadera chotchedwa FFP. Mungachite mantha pang'ono mukamva dzinalo. Koma musadandaule. Lero, tikambirana za FFP, chifukwa chake imaperekedwa, ndi zonse zomwe muyenera kudziwa za iyo m'njira yosavuta.
Kodi FFP (Fresh Frozen Plasma) ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, FFP ndi gawo lamadzimadzi lachikasu lomwe limatsalira pambuyo pochotsa zigawo za maselo monga maselo ofiira a magazi ndi maselo oyera a magazi kuchokera m'magazi a munthu. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha plasma .
Madzi a m'magazi amenewa amasunga kuchuluka kwa magazi athu. Alinso ndi mapuloteni apadera otchedwa "clotting factors" omwe amathandiza kuletsa kutuluka magazi tikavulala.
Choncho, ngati wina ali ndi vuto la chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zinthuzi zolimbitsa magazi ndipo akutuluka magazi ambiri, FFP imaperekedwa kuti ibwezeretse kuchuluka kwa magazi komwe kwatayika ndikubwezeretsanso zinthu zolimbitsa magazi zomwe zatha.
Izi zimatchedwa Plasma ya "Frozen Yatsopano" chifukwa plasma ikalekanitsidwa ndi magazi operekedwa, imazizira kwambiri mkati mwa maola 8 kutentha kwa -18 digiri Celsius kapena kutsika kuti isunge zinthu zofunika kwambiri zoundana magazi zomwe zilimo.
Kodi pali mayina ena a izi?
Inde, madokotala angagwiritse ntchito mayina ena akamanena za chithandizochi. Mayina amenewo amatanthauza njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochisunga. Mwachitsanzo, pali mayina monga PF24, PF24RT24.
Musadandaule kwambiri ndi mayina awa ndi tsatanetsatane waukadaulo. Dokotala wanu adzasankha mtundu woyenera wa plasma womwe ukugwirizana ndi vuto lanu komanso uli ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandizira kutsekeka kwa magazi zomwe mukufuna.
Ndani akufunika chithandizo cha FFP?
FFP si mankhwala a aliyense amene akutuluka magazi. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zina pomwe mankhwala ena sanagwire ntchito. Nazi zina mwazochitika zazikulu zomwe FFP ingafunike:
- Kusowa kwa zinthu zolimbitsa magazi: Munthu amene ali ndi vuto lobadwa nalo pa zinthu zolimbitsa magazi, monga hemophilia, akatuluka magazi ambiri.
- Kwa iwo omwe akumwa Warfarin: Warfarin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa magazi. Ngati munthu akumwa mankhwalawa ayamba kutuluka magazi, nthawi zambiri amawongolera pomupatsa vitamini K. Komabe, ngati vitamini K sikugwira ntchito mwachangu, FFP ingaperekedwe ngati chithandizo chothandizira .
- Ngati muli ndi vuto lotchedwa TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura):Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa kwambiri. Limayambitsa magazi kuundana m'thupi. Popereka FFP, odwalawa amapatsidwa njira ina yolowa m'malo mwa enzyme yomwe yasowa.
- Kutaya magazi ambiri: Pamene magazi ambiri atayika m'thupi nthawi imodzi chifukwa cha ngozi yaikulu, opaleshoni, kapena chifukwa china, FFP imaperekedwa ngati gawo la njira yothira magazi.
Kodi FFP imaperekedwa bwanji?
Chithandizochi nthawi zambiri chimachitikira kuchipatala. Thumba la FFP lozizira limasungunuka kutentha kwa chipinda musanalowetsedwe m'thupi lanu. Njira yake ndi iyi:
1. Kuika kanula: Dokotala kapena namwino adzaika kanula (mzere wa IV) mu mtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu.
2. Kupereka FFP: Thumba la FFP likalumikizidwa ku kanula iyi, plasma imalowa pang'onopang'ono m'thupi lanu kudzera m'mitsempha yanu.
3. Kuwunika: Munthawi imeneyi, zizindikiro zanu zofunika kwambiri , monga kugunda kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, zidzayang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Kuyezetsa magazi, monga PT/INR ndi PTT, kungachitikenso kuti muwone ngati magazi anu akutseka bwino magazi.
4. Mlingo: Thumba limodzi la FFP (chidutswa) lili ndi pafupifupi 200-250 ml. Zimatenga pafupifupi mphindi 30 kuti liperekedwe m'thupi. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa magazi omwe mwataya, dokotala wanu adzasankha kuchuluka kwa matumba a FFP omwe mukufuna komanso nthawi yomwe mukufuna.
Kodi zoopsa ndi zovuta za FFP ndi ziti?
Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa zazing'ono zomwe zimachitika popereka FFP. Koma madokotala amadziwa bwino zoopsazi ndipo amatenga njira zonse zodzitetezera kuti apewe. Ndipo chifukwa thumba lililonse la magazi operekedwa limayesedwa mosamala, chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana tsopano chatsika kwambiri.
| Chiwopsezo/Zovuta | Kufotokozera kosavuta |
|---|---|
| Matenda a ziwengo | Chitetezo cha mthupi chimayankha madzi a m'magazi akalowa m'thupi. Izi zingayambitse zizindikiro zazing'ono monga ziphuphu pakhungu ndi kuyabwa. |
| Matenda | Pali mwayi wochepa kwambiri woti munthu atenge kachilombo kuchokera m'magazi a wopereka magazi. Komabe, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri chifukwa magawo onse a magazi omwe amaperekedwa ndi mabanki a magazi ku Sri Lanka amayesedwa mosamala. |
| TRALI (kuvulala kwa mapapo komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuikidwa magazi) | Uwu ndi matenda osowa kwambiri koma oopsa omwe angayambitse kutupa m'mapapo komanso kuvutika kupuma. |
| TACO (kuchuluka kwa magazi komwe kumakhudzana ndi kuikidwa magazi) | Dongosolo lozungulira magazi limavutika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa madzi (plasma) omwe amalowa m'thupi nthawi imodzi. Izi zingayambitse kukwera kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi madzi odzaza m'mapapo. |
Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mukalandira chithandizo ndipo muyenera kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala liti?
Nthawi yomwe imatenga kuti muchire imadalira chifukwa cha FFP. Nthawi zambiri, mumayamba kumva bwino tsiku limodzi mutatha kulandira chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kupuma mokwanira .
Nthawi zina, zotsatirapo zina zingachitike ngakhale mutapita kunyumba kuchokera kuchipatala. Choncho samalani ndi zinthu zotsatirazi.
| Udindo | Zoyenera kuchita |
|---|---|
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. | |
| Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zizindikiro za ziwengo. Ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu. |
| Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) nthawi yomweyo. | |
| Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda aakulu monga TRALI kapena TACO. Izi zitha kuchitika mkati mwa maola 6 oyambirira mutalandira chithandizo. Ndikofunikira kupeza chithandizo nthawi yomweyo popanda kuwononga nthawi. |
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- FFP ndi chithandizo chofunikira kwambiri chamankhwala chomwe chingapulumutse miyoyo ngati magazi akutuluka kwambiri.
- Izi makamaka zimaphatikizapo kubwezeretsa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa magazi kuundana komanso kutaya magazi ambiri m'thupi.
- Chithandizochi chimaperekedwa kuchipatala komanso moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, kotero palibe chifukwa chochita mantha mosayenera.
- Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chithandizo chilichonse chamankhwala, pali zoopsa zazing'ono, koma madokotala ali okonzeka kuzithetsa.
- Ngati mukupeza chizindikiro chachikulu, monga kupuma movutikira, mutatha kulandira chithandizo, pitani ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Mwadzidzidzi (ETU) ya chipatala nthawi yomweyo.
- Ngati muli ndi mafunso kapena nkhawa zokhudzana ndi izi, musazengereze kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu.
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