Kodi mumaopa mankhwala oletsa ululu musanachite opaleshoni? (General Anesthesia) Tiyeni tikambirane izi!

Kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina amene mumamudziwa anachitidwapo opaleshoni ? Chimodzi mwa mantha akuluakulu omwe anthu ambiri amakhala nawo panthawiyi ndi okhudza "kuikidwa pansi pa mankhwala oletsa ululu." Ndizachilendo kukhala ndi mantha pang'ono mukamva mawu akuti "kuchotsedwa mu chikumbumtima." Koma kwenikweni ndi njira yotsogola kwambiri komanso yotetezeka yachipatala. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tiyankhe mafunso onse omwe muli nawo okhudza mankhwala oletsa ululu awa, kapena ' General Anesthesia '.

Mwachidule, kodi mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi chiyani?

Mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi pamene mukugona tulo tofa nato musanachite opaleshoni yaikulu. Mu mkhalidwe umenewu, thupi lanu silimva kupweteka kulikonse, ndipo simudzakumbukira china chilichonse panthawi ya opaleshoni . Zili ngati kuti mwangodzuka kumene ku tulo tofa nato.

Izi zimachitika ndi dokotala wogonetsa anthu ogonetsa. Dokotalayu amakhala pafupi nanu kuyambira nthawi yomwe opaleshoniyo imayamba mpaka itatha, akuyang'anira kayendedwe kalikonse ka thupi lanu ( kupuma , kugunda kwa mtima , ndi zina zotero), kukusungani tulo tofa nato, ndikukudzutsaninso opaleshoniyo ikatha.

Tiyeni timvetse kusiyana pakati pa mitundu ya mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala oletsa ululu, palinso njira zina zoletsa ululu. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kudziwa kusiyana pakati pa njira zimenezi.

Kodi anesthesia imagwira ntchito bwanji panthawi ya opaleshoni?

Tangoganizani muli mu chipinda chochitira opaleshoni. Kodi kenako chimachitika n’chiyani?

1. Kupereka mankhwala: Choyamba, dokotala wogonetsa adzaika cannula (IV line), yomwe ndi chubu chomwe chimayika saline mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu, ndikukupatsani mankhwala ogonetsa kudzera mumtsemphawo. Nthawi zina mudzapatsidwanso mpweya wopumira kudzera mu chigoba. Izi zidzakugonetsani tulo mkati mwa mphindi zochepa.

2. Kuika chubu chopumira: Mukagona tulo tofa nato, dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala oti muchepetse minofu ya pakhosi panu ndikuyika chubu kudzera pakamwa panu mu chubu chopumira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mupitiliza kulandira mpweya wochuluka womwe mukufunikira panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Simudzamva ngakhale chikuyikidwa chifukwa chakuti mukugona.

3. Kuyang'anira nthawi zonse: Pa opaleshoni yonse, gulu lothandizira odwala opaleshoni lidzakhala likuyang'anira thupi lanu mosamala pa izi:

• Kupuma
• Kutentha kwa thupi
• Kugunda kwa mtima
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi
• Mlingo wa okosijeni m'magazi
• Mulingo wa madzi m'thupi

Kutengera ndi miyeso iyi, adzasintha kuchuluka kwa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa, adzakupatsani mchere wowonjezera, kapena adzakupatsani magazi ngati pakufunika kutero.

4. Kudzukanso:Opaleshoni ikatha, dokotala adzasiya kukupatsani mankhwala oletsa ululu. Kenako mudzatengedwera ku chipinda chochiritsira. Kumeneko mudzayamba kudzuka pang'onopang'ono. Madokotala ndi anamwino adzakuyang'anirani mosamala ngati muli ndi ululu kapena kusasangalala kwina.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi?

Mankhwala onse awiri a m'mitsempha (IV) ndi opumidwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu. Nthawi zambiri, mitundu yonse iwiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi.

Mankhwala akuluakulu operekedwa kudzera m'mitsempha (mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya IV):

• Propofol: Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amakupangitsani kugona tulo tofa nato ndipo amakuthandizani kuti mukhalebe mu mkhalidwe umenewo nthawi yonse ya opaleshoni.
• Ketamine: Ingagwiritsidwe ntchito yokha pa opaleshoni yaifupi. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
• Etomidate: Iyi ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka poyambitsa mankhwala oletsa ululu.

Mankhwala Opumira:

• Sevoflurane: Mpweya woletsa ululu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Umagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa ndi kusamalira ululu.
• Isoflurane: Sichigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri masiku ano chifukwa chili ndi fungo lamphamvu.
• Desflurane: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira ululu.
• Nitrous oxide: Imatchedwanso "mpweya woseka." Popeza si wamphamvu kwambiri, sigwiritsidwa ntchito yokha. Imaperekedwa pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena amphamvu.

Kodi mumakonzekera bwanji musanachite opaleshoni yoletsa kupweteka?

Musanachite opaleshoni yanu, dokotala amene akukuchititsani opaleshoniyo komanso katswiri wogonetsa anthu adzakulankhulani nanu. Dokotala wogonetsa anthu adzakufunsani mafunso awa:

• Ndi matenda ena ati omwe muli nawo? (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima)
• Ndi mitundu yanji ya mankhwala yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito? (zonse kuphatikizapo mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala, mavitamini, mankhwala a Ayurvedic)
• Kodi muli ndi vuto lililonse la ziwengo? (mankhwala, mazira, soya, ndi zina zotero)
• Kodi mumasuta fodya? Kodi mumamwa mowa? Kodi mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo?
• Kodi munakhalapo ndi vuto la mankhwala oletsa ululu panthawi ya opaleshoni yapitayi?

Kuphatikiza apo, dokotala wanu adzakulangizani kuti musamadye kapena kumwa china chilichonse kupatula chakudya ndi madzi kwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanachite opaleshoni. Izi zili choncho chifukwa minofu imamasuka panthawi yochita opaleshoni, zomwe zingayambitse kuti chakudya m'mimba mwanu chilowe m'mapapo mwanu. Izi ndi zoopsa. Mungapemphedwenso kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ena, monga aspirin, omwe amawonjezera kutuluka magazi, pafupifupi sabata imodzi musanachite opaleshoni.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pambuyo pa opaleshoni yoletsa ululu?

Ndizachilendo kumva tulo pang'ono mutadzuka kuchokera ku mankhwala oletsa ululu. Kupatula apo, mutha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zazing'ono ngati izi, koma izi zimatha pakapita nthawi.

• Kusanza ndi kusanza
• Pakamwa pouma
• Kupweteka pakhosi kapena kusanza (chifukwa cha mpweya woipa)
• Kugona tulo
• Kugwedezeka kwa thupi
• Kupweteka kwa minofu
• Kuyabwa
• Mavuto osakumbukira kwakanthawi kapena kusokonezeka (makamaka kwa okalamba) - Vutoli (delirium) nthawi zambiri limatha kwathunthu mkati mwa sabata imodzi.

Kodi zoopsa za anesthesia ndi ziti?

Kwa munthu wathanzi, mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi otetezeka kwambiri . Komabe, anthu ena ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto. Tiyeni tiwone omwe ali.

• Anthu onenepa kwambiri
• Anthu okalamba
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima, matenda a m'mapapo, ndi matenda a impso
• Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Obstructive Sleep Apnea
• Anthu osuta
• Anthu omwe amamwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga aspirin
• Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la ziwengo ku mankhwala oletsa ululu

Anthu omwe amamwa mowa ayenera kusamala kwambiri. Kumwa mowa tsiku lililonse kumasintha mlingo wa mankhwala oletsa ululu, kutalikitsa nthawi yochira pambuyo pa opaleshoni, komanso kuonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana. Choncho khalani oona mtima ndi dokotala wanu pankhaniyi.

Kawirikawiri , pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu chikwi, sangapitirize kukhala maso akamamwa mankhwala oletsa ululu (Anesthesia Awareness). Chifukwa cha zida zamakono zowunikira, mwayi woti izi zichitike tsopano ndi wochepa kwambiri.

Mankhwala oletsa ululu, Mankhwala oletsa ululu onse, Opaleshoni, Opaleshoni, Opaleshoni, Katswiri wa Mankhwala oletsa ululu, Katswiri wa Mankhwala oletsa ululu