Kodi inuyo kapena wokondedwa wanu munauzidwapo kuti mukufunika opaleshoni ? N'zachibadwa kumva mantha pang'ono kapena nkhawa mukamva mawu akuti "general anesthesia." Ngakhale lingaliro la "kulowa m'thupi" lingakhale loopsa, kwenikweni ndi njira yachipatala yapamwamba kwambiri komanso yotetezeka kwambiri. Ku Nirogi Lanka, tikufuna kuyankha mafunso anu onse okhudza ' General Anesthesia ' kuti mukhale okonzeka komanso omasuka.
Mwachidule, Kodi General Anesthesia N'chiyani?
Mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi njira yolamulidwa ndi dokotala yomwe imakupangitsani kukhala ndi vuto logona kwambiri musanachite opaleshoni yayikulu. Mu mkhalidwe uwu, simumva kupweteka konse, ndipo simudzakumbukira chilichonse chomwe chimachitika panthawi ya opaleshoni . Zimamveka ngati kugona tulo tofa nato komanso topumula ndikudzuka opaleshoniyo ikatha.
Izi zimaperekedwa ndi katswiri wodziwa bwino ntchito wotchedwa Anesthesiologist. Kuyambira nthawi yomwe opaleshoni yanu imayamba mpaka itatha, dokotalayu amakhala nanu pafupi, akuyang'anira ntchito zonse zofunika—monga kupuma kwanu ndi kugunda kwa mtima —kuti akupatseni tulo totetezeka ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mukudzuka bwino opaleshoni ikatha.
Chofunika kwambiri kudziwa ndichakuti uku si kugona nthawi zonse. Ndi mkhalidwe wochitidwa ndi dokotala, wosamalidwa bwino womwe umaika patsogolo chitetezo chanu 100%.
Kumvetsetsa Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Anesthesia
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala oletsa ululu kutengera zosowa zanu. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kusiyana kwake:
| Mtundu wa Anesthesia | Kodi Ndi Chiyani? | Zitsanzo Zodziwika |
|---|---|---|
| Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka Kwambiri | Amagonetsa thupi lonse tulo tofa nato. Simukumva chilichonse ndipo simukumbukira chilichonse chomwe chidachitikacho. | Opaleshoni ya mtima, opaleshoni ya ubongo, opaleshoni yaikulu ya m'mimba. |
| Anesthesia Yachigawo | Zimatha kupangitsa kuti thupi lonse lizigwira ntchito movutikira (monga kuyambira m'chiuno mpaka pansi). Mutha kukhala maso. | Kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya C-section, kusintha chiuno kapena bondo. |
| Mankhwala Oletsa Kupweteka Am'deralo | Zimangopangitsa kuti malo ochepa okha akhale ochepa. | Kukonza mano, kusoka bala laling'ono. |
| Kupumula | Zimakupangitsani kukhala omasuka komanso ogona, koma simunazindikire chilichonse. | Ma Colonoscopy, ma biopsy ena. |
Kodi Chimachitika N'chiyani Panthawi Yogwira Ntchitoyi?
Tangoganizani kuti mwafika ku chipinda chochitira opaleshoni. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika:
1. Mankhwala: Dokotala wogonetsa anthu odwala matenda oletsa ululu adzaika chingwe cha IV mumtsempha wanu kuti akupatseni mankhwala. Nthawi zina, mungapemphedwenso kuti mupume mpweya kudzera mu chigoba. Pakangopita mphindi zochepa, mudzakhala mutulo tofa nato .
2. Chithandizo cha Kupuma: Mukagona, dokotala adzakupatsani mankhwala oti mupumule minofu yanu ndikuyika chubu chaching'ono mu payipi yanu. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mumalandira mpweya wokwanira panthawi yonse ya opaleshoni. Chifukwa chakuti muli mtulo waukulu, simudzamva chilichonse.
3. Kuwunika Nthawi Zonse: Pa nthawi yonse ya opaleshoni, gululo lidzawunika mosamala:
- Kupuma
- Kutentha kwa thupi
- Kugunda kwa mtima
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Magawo a okosijeni
- Magawo amadzimadzi
Kutengera ndi ziwerengerozi, adzasintha mankhwala anu kapena kupereka madzi kuti chilichonse chikhale chokhazikika.
4. Kudzuka: Opaleshoni ikatha, dokotala wogonetsa wodwalayo amasiya kumwa mankhwalawo. Kenako mudzasamutsidwira ku Chipinda Chothandizira Kuchira, komwe mudzayamba kudzuka pang'onopang'ono. Madokotala ndi anamwino adzakuyang'anirani kuti atsimikizire kuti muli bwino komanso mulibe ululu.
Ndi Mankhwala Otani Amene Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito?
Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi IV ndi mankhwala opumira nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ululu.
Mankhwala Ofunika Kwambiri a IV:
- Propofol: Mankhwala ofala kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa ndi kusunga tulo tatikulu.
- Ketamine: Nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa opaleshoni yaifupi kapena ngati mankhwala ochepetsa ululu.
- Etomidate: Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa njira yoperekera mankhwala oletsa ululu.
Mankhwala Opumira:
- Sevoflurane: Mpweya womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyambitsa komanso kusamalira mankhwala oletsa ululu.
- Isoflurane: Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono tsopano chifukwa cha fungo lake lamphamvu.
- Desflurane: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito posamalira ululu.
- Nitrous oxide: Nthawi zambiri imatchedwa "gasi loseka." Sili ndi mphamvu zokwanira lokha ndipo nthawi zambiri limasakanizidwa ndi mankhwala ena.
Kodi Muyenera Kukonzekera Bwanji?
Musanachite opaleshoni yanu, dokotala wanu wa opaleshoni komanso dokotala wa opaleshoni adzalankhula nanu. Adzafunika kudziwa:
- Kodi muli ndi matenda ena? (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a mtima)
- Ndi mankhwala ati omwe mumamwa? (Phatikizani mankhwala onse olembedwa ndi dokotala, mavitamini, ndi zowonjezera zitsamba)
- Kodi muli ndi vuto lililonse la ziwengo? (Mankhwala, latex, chakudya, ndi zina zotero)
- Kodi mumasuta fodya, mumamwa mowa, kapena mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo?
- Kodi munayamba mwakhalapo ndi vuto la mankhwala oletsa ululu m'mbuyomu?
Chonde khalani oona mtima poyankha mafunso awa. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mukhale otetezeka.
Dokotala wanu adzakulangizaninso kuti mupewe chakudya ndi zakumwakwa maola pafupifupi 8 musanachite opaleshoni. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mankhwala oletsa ululu amamasula minofu yanu, zomwe zingayambitse kuti m'mimba mulowe m'mapapo mwanu—vuto loopsa. Mungapemphedwenso kuti musiye kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi monga Aspirin pafupifupi sabata imodzi musanachite opaleshoni yanu.
Kodi Pali Zotsatirapo?
Kumva kutopa pang'ono mukadzuka ndi zachilendo. Muthanso kukumana ndi zotsatirapo izi kwakanthawi:
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Pakamwa pouma
- Kupweteka pakhosi kapena kusanza (kuchokera mu chubu chopumira)
- Kugona tulo
- Kunjenjemera
- Kupweteka kwa minofu
- Kuyabwa
- Kusokonezeka kwakanthawi kapena mavuto okumbukira (omwe amapezeka kwambiri mwa odwala okalamba) - nthawi zambiri izi zimatha mkati mwa sabata imodzi.
Kodi Zoopsa zake ndi ziti?
Kwa munthu wathanzi, mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi otetezeka kwambiri . Komabe, chiopsezo cha matendawa chikhoza kukhala chachikulu kwa magulu ena:
- Anthu onenepa kwambiri
- Odwala okalamba
- Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osatha (monga kuthamanga kwa magazi, matenda a shuga, matenda a mtima/mapapo/impso)
- Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Obstructive Sleep Apnea
- Osuta fodya
- Omwe akumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi
Anthu omwe amamwa mowa nthawi zonse ayenera kusamala kwambiri. Kumwa mowa tsiku lililonse kungakhudze mlingo wa mankhwala oletsa ululu komanso nthawi yomwe mukuchira. Chonde lankhulani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za izi. Nthawi zina, "kuzindikira za mankhwala oletsa ululu" (kuzindikira pang'ono panthawi ya opaleshoni) kungachitike, koma chifukwa cha zida zamakono zowunikira, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Mankhwala oletsa ululu ndi njira yamakono komanso yotetezeka kwambiri yachipatala. Musalole kuti izi zikupangitseni mantha osafunikira.
- Dokotala wogonetsa anthu o ...
- Nthawi zonse khalani oona mtima ndi gulu lanu lachipatala pankhani ya thanzi lanu, mankhwala, ndi zizolowezi zanu (kusuta/mowa). Izi ndi zodzitetezera.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu musanachite opaleshoni, makamaka okhudza kusala kudya.
- Zotsatirapo zambiri zimakhala zakanthawi kochepa. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa iliyonse yomwe ikupitirira, funsani gulu lanu lachipatala kapena funsani thandizo lachipatala mwadzidzidzi ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zoopsa.
Mankhwala oletsa ululu, Mankhwala oletsa ululu onse, opaleshoni, opaleshoni, opaleshoni, dokotala wa opaleshoni
