Kodi nthawi zina mumavutika kupuma mukakwera masitepe kapena kwa kanthawi kochepa? Kodi mumamva kutopa kwambiri? Kodi miyendo ndi akakolo anu amatupa madzulo? Musanyalanyaze izi ngati chinthu china. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro zoti mtima wanu ukufuna kukuuzani zinazake. Lero tikambirana za nkhani yofunika kwambiri yomwe anthu ambiri sadziwa. Ndi kulephera kwa mtima, kapena monga momwe timatchulira m'mawu azachipatala, kulephera kwa mtima, ndi mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa chifukwa cha izi.
Choyamba, tiyeni timvetse tanthauzo la kulephera kwa mtima.
Anthu ambiri amachita mantha akamva mawu akuti Heart Failure. Amaganiza kuti, "Kodi mtima wanga wasiya kugwira ntchito?" Koma si choncho. Mwachidule, Heart Failure ndi vuto lomwe minofu ya mtima wanu singathe kupopera magazi bwino kupita ku thupi. Zili ngati pampu yamadzi yomwe ndi yofooka pang'ono ndipo singathe kupopera madzi mu thanki pa liwiro loyenera.
Imeneyi ndi vuto lomwe limayamba pang'onopang'ono. Popeza mtima supompa magazi bwino, madzi amayamba kusonkhana m'malo osiyanasiyana a thupi, makamaka m'mapapo , m'miyendo, ndi m'mapazi. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndatchula zizindikiro za kupuma movutikira , kutopa, ndi kutupa m'miyendo . Ngati vutoli silichiritsidwa, pamakhala chiopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto aakulu monga kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi impso, komanso kulephera kwa mtima mwadzidzidzi .
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti kulephera kwa mtima sikungathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu ndi mankhwala. Koma musadandaule! Ndi mankhwala oyenera komanso kusintha moyo wanu, mutha kuwongolera vutoli bwino, kupewa kuti lisakule kwambiri, komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Dokotala wanu adzasankha mankhwala omwe ali abwino kwa inu kutengera zizindikiro zanu, kaya muli ndi matenda ena monga matenda a shuga , kuthamanga kwa magazi , kapena matenda a impso , komanso momwe matenda anu alili. Chifukwa chake, mankhwala omwe aperekedwa kwa munthu mmodzi sadzaperekedwa kwa wina.
Kodi mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a mtima ndi ati?
Pochiza matenda a mtima, nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala osiyanasiyana, osati mankhwala amodzi okha. Chifukwa chake ndi chakuti mankhwala aliwonse amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'thupi ndipo amathandiza mtima. Monga momwe membala aliyense wa timu ya cricket amachitira bwino chinthu chimodzi ndipo pamodzi amapambana masewerawa.
Tiyeni tiwone tebulo ili m'munsimu kuti tiwone mitundu ya mankhwala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri komanso momwe imagwirira ntchito.
| Kalasi ya Mankhwala | Mwachidule, kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ndi izi? | Zitsanzo Zodziwika |
|---|---|---|
| Ma ACE Inhibitors (Ma angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors) | Izi zimagwira ntchito pokulitsa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Izi zimachepetsa ntchito ya mtima yopompa magazi. Taganizirani ngati kukulitsa chitoliro chotsekedwa kuti madzi aziyenda mosavuta. | Captopril, Enalapril, Lisinopril, Ramipril |
| Ma ARB (Angiotensin-2 Receptor Blockers) | Monga mankhwala oletsa ACE, awa amathandiza mtima pokulitsa mitsempha yamagazi. Madokotala amalimbikitsa mtundu uwu pamene anthu ena akukumana ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa monga kutsokomola chifukwa cha mankhwala oletsa ACE. | Losartan, Valsartan, Candesartan |
| Oletsa Beta | Izi zimachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mtima. Izi zimapatsa mtima "mpumulo" ndipo zimathandiza kuti uzitha kupopa bwino pakapita nthawi. Zimalamuliranso mahomoni omwe amachititsa kuti mtima ukhale ndi nkhawa. | Carvedilol, Bisoprolol, Metoprolol Succinate |
| Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kutuluka kwa Madzi (Mapiritsi a Madzi) | Kawirikawiri timatcha mapiritsi awa kuti "mapiritsi amadzi." Amathandiza kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'thupi kudzera mu mkodzo. Izi zimachepetsa kwambiri kutupa kwa miyendo ndi kuvutika kupuma komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha madzi m'mapapo. | Furosemide (Lasix®), Spironolactone, Hydrochlorothiazide |
| ARNIs (ARB + Neprilysin Inhibitor) | Iyi ndi mankhwala atsopano komanso apamwamba. Amathandiza thupi kusunga mahomoni ambiri achilengedwe omwe amateteza mtima, komanso kukulitsa mitsempha yamagazi. Ndi othandiza makamaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa la kupopa kwa mtima (gawo lotulutsa magazi). | Sacubitril/Valsartan (Entresto®) |
| Zoletsa za SGLT2 | Ngakhale kuti poyamba izi zinapangidwa kuti zichiritse matenda a shuga, pambuyo pake zinapezeka kuti zimachepetsa chiopsezo chogonekedwa m'chipatala kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima. Zimathandiza impso kutulutsa shuga ndi sodium. | Dapagliflozin (Farxiga®), Empagliflozin (Jardiance®) |
| Digoxin | Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kugunda kwa mtima ndikulimbitsa kukokana kwa minofu ya mtima. Amaperekedwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro ngakhale kuti ali ndi mankhwala ena komanso kwa iwo omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima (atrial fibrillation). | Digoxin (Lanoxin®) |
Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa?
Inde, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, anthu ena angakumane ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa kuchokera ku mankhwalawa. Koma si aliyense amene amalandira. Zotsatirapo zoyipa zomwe mumakumana nazo zimadalira mtundu wa mankhwala omwe mwapatsidwa.
Zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri ndi izi:
- Chizungulire, makamaka mukadzuka kuchokera pamalo omwe mumakhala.
- Kumva kutopa.
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi pang'ono.
- Anthu ena (makamaka omwe amatenga mankhwala oletsa ACE) amatha kukhala ndi chifuwa chouma.
- Kukodza pafupipafupi chifukwa cha diuretics.
- Kuchuluka kwa potaziyamu m'magazi kapena m'magazi.
- Kupweteka kwa minofu.
Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano zachilendo, musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu kaye. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa kwambiri. Uzani dokotala wanu za kusasangalala komwe mukukumana nako. Iye akhoza kusintha mlingo kapena kukupatsani mankhwala ena omwe akuyenererani.
Pamodzi ndi mankhwala, ndi zinthu ziti zomwe muyenera kuchita?
Mankhwala ndi theka la nkhondo yokha. Gawo lina lili m'manja mwanu. Kusintha moyo wanu kungakupatseni zotsatira zabwino kuposa mankhwala.
Samalani zinthu izi tsiku lililonse.
- Yesani kulemera kwanu nthawi yomweyo tsiku lililonse, m'mawa. Ngati mwadzidzidzi mwawonjezera makilogalamu awiri pa tsiku limodzi kapena awiri, izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro cha kusunga madzi m'thupi. Ngati izi zitachitika, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
- Zingakhale bwino ngati mungathe kuyeza kuthamanga kwa magazi anu kunyumba. Funsani dokotala wanu kuti akupatseni chowunikira kuthamanga kwa magazi chabwino.
- Samalani kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa mchere (sodium) m'zakudya zomwe mumadya. Mchere wochuluka umawonjezera kusunga madzi m'thupi ndipo umawonjezera katundu pamtima. Pewani zinthu monga ma pickles, zipatso zouma, sosi, zakudya zam'chitini, ndi soseji momwe mungathere.
- Imwani madzi okhawo omwe dokotala wanu amalangiza patsiku. Nthawi zina mungafunike kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe mumamwa.
Kusintha kwa moyo
- Ngati mukusuta, siyani lero. Kusuta ndi mdani wamkulu wa mtima.
- Chepetsani kapena siyani kumwa mowa kwathunthu.
- Malinga ndi uphungu wa dokotala wanu, chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono tsiku lililonse lomwe likuyenererani. Ngakhale kuyenda ndikokwanira.
- Ganiziraninso za thanzi lanu la maganizo . Ndizachibadwa kumva chisoni komanso nkhawa mukakhala ndi matenda ngati amenewa kwa nthawi yayitali. Lankhulani ndi banja lanu ndi anzanu za izi. Funsani uphungu ngati pakufunika kutero.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji mankhwala?
Nthawi zina zimamveka ngati ntchito yovuta kwambiri mukayenera kumwa mankhwala ambiri. Koma ngati muchita izi bwino, mudzamva kusiyana kwakukulu.
- Pezani mankhwala owonjezera masiku angapo mankhwala anu asanayambe kutha. Musayembekezere mpaka tsiku lomaliza.
- Lembani mndandanda wa mankhwala onse omwe mumamwa ndipo muusunge pafupi.Lembani zonse zomwe zili mmenemo, kuphatikizapo dzina la mankhwala, mlingo wake (monga 50mg), kangati patsiku komwe mumamwa, komanso ngati mumamwa musanadye kapena mutadya. Tengani mndandandawu mukapita kukaonana ndi dokotala.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu popanda kufunsa dokotala pazifukwa zilizonse. Ngakhale mutamva bwino, musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu. Mumamva bwino chifukwa mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito bwino. Ngati musiya kumwa, vuto lanu likhoza kubwereranso.
- Ngati mukukonzekera kutenga pakati kapena muli ndi pakati, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa mankhwala ena oletsa matenda a mtima sali oyenera panthawi ya mimba.
Kulephera kwa Mtima sikutanthauza kuti mtima wanu "walephera." Zimangotanthauza kuti mtima wanu ukufunika thandizo pang'ono kuti uchite zomwe uyenera kuchita. Thandizo limenelo limachokera ku mankhwala awa ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu. Choncho khalani olimba mtima ndikutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu ndendende. Mukatero mutha kukhala ndi moyo wautali, wachimwemwe, komanso wathanzi ndi vutoli.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Kulephera kwa Mtima si kulephera kwa mtima, koma kufooka kwa njira yopopera magazi mumtima.
- Ngakhale kuti mankhwala sangachiritse vutoli kotheratu, n'zotheka kuchepetsa kuipiraipira kwa matendawa ndikukhala ndi moyo wabwino.
- Ngakhale mutamva bwino, musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu popanda upangiri wa dokotala. Zingakhale zoopsa.
- Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala, kudya zakudya zopanda mchere wambiri, kupewa kusuta fodya, komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi monga momwe dokotala wanu akulangizira n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse chifukwa cha mankhwala anu kapena zizindikiro zanu zikusintha, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
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