Hydrocephalus: Tiyeni tiphunzire za zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, ndi chithandizo m'mawu osavuta

Kodi mukuganiza kuti mutu wa mwana wanu ndi waukulu pang'ono kuposa msinkhu wake? Kapena kodi wachibale wachikulire mwadzidzidzi wayamba kuvutika kuyenda kapena kuiwalaiwala? Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za matenda otchedwa hydrocephalus, omwe nthawi zambiri timawatcha kuti 'madzi muubongo'. Musachite mantha mukamva izi. Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa bwino za matendawa ndikupita kuchipatala panthawi yoyenera. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi lero.

Mwachidule, kodi Hydrocephalus ndi chiyani?

Ubongo wathu si chinthu chokhacho chomwe chili mkati mwa chigaza chathu. Umatetezedwa ndipo umayandama mumadzimadzi apadera. Madzi awa timawatcha kuti Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) . Monga 'choyamwa magazi' m'galimoto, madzi a CSF awa amateteza ubongo wathu ku kuwonongeka akagwedezeka kapena kugunda mutu wake. Sikuti amangotero, madzi awa amathandizanso kupatsa ubongo zakudya zofunikira ndikuchotsa zinyalala muubongo.

Madzi a CSF amenewa amapangidwa nthawi zonse m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono (ma ventricles) mkati mwa ubongo, amayendayenda, ndikubwereranso m'thupi. Taganizirani ngati thanki yamadzi yodzazidwa ndi madzi, ikuyenda m'mapaipi, ikugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo yotsalayo imachotsedwa.

Hydrocephalus ndi matenda omwe, chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwina kwa njirayi, madzi a CSF amasonkhana m'mabowo mkati mwa ubongo , zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ubongo ukhale ndi mphamvu yosafunikira. Monga momwe chitoliro cha madzi chimatsekeka, madzi amadzaza pamalo amodzi ndikusefukira. Kupanikizika kumeneku kumatha kuwononga minofu ya ubongo.

Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimasintha ndi ukalamba?

Zizindikiro za matendawa zimatha kusiyana kwambiri kutengera msinkhu wa munthu. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimakhudzira gulu lililonse la anthu azaka zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu za hydrocephalus ndi ziti?

Pali zifukwa zitatu zazikulu izi:

1. Kutsekeka: Njira yomwe madzi a CSF amadutsa imatha kutsekeka chifukwa cha chotupa cha muubongo, chotupa chodzaza ndi madzi, chilema chobadwa nacho, kuvulala mutu, kapena sitiroko. Ichi ndiye chifukwa chofala kwambiri.

2. Kusayamwa Moyenera: Minofu ya ubongo ikhoza kukhala ndi mphamvu yochepa yoyamwa madzi a CSF. Izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda monga meningitis kapena kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu.

3. Kupanga madzi mopitirira muyeso: Nthawi zina, ubongo umapanga madzi ambiri a CSF kuposa momwe thupi lingathe kupirira. Izi nthawi zambiri zimatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana.

Kodi matenda amachitika bwanji?

Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mukuwonetsa zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, pitani kwa dokotala woyenerera nthawi yomweyo.Ndikofunikira kwambiri. Dokotala adzayamba kaye wakuyezetsa thupi ndikufunsa za zizindikiro zanu. Kenako, angakufunseni mayeso ngati awa kuti atsimikizire matenda:

• Kuyezetsa ubongo: Kuyang'ana momwe thupi lanu lilili, mphamvu ya minofu, masomphenya, ndi momwe maganizo anu amagwirira ntchito.
• Kujambula ubongo:
• Kujambula kwa CT (Computerized Tomography scan): Zithunzi zingapo za ubongo zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito poona ngati mabowo a ubongo akulirakulira kapena ngati pali zotsekeka zilizonse.
• Kujambula kwa MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Izi zimathandiza kupeza zithunzi zomveka bwino komanso zatsatanetsatane za ubongo ndi njira za CSF.
• Kuboola Lumbar / Spinal Tap: Singano yaying'ono imayikidwa mu chingwe cha msana kuti ichotse madzi ochepa a CSF. Izi zingapereke chithunzi cha kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa ubongo ndi kupezeka kwa matenda.
• Kuwunika Kupanikizika kwa M'mutu (ICP): Nthawi zina, chipangizo chaching'ono chingafunike kuyikidwa mu ubongo kuti chiyese mwachindunji kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa ubongo.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Cholinga chachikulu chochizira matenda a hydrocephalus ndikuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo omwe asonkhana muubongo ndikuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa ubongo.

Chithandizo chachikulu ndi kuyika shunt .

Mwachidule, shunt ndi chubu chapulasitiki chopyapyala kwambiri komanso chosinthasintha chomwe chimayikidwa pansi pa khungu. Chimagwira ntchito pochotsa madzi ochulukirapo a CSF omwe amasonkhana muubongo kupita ku gawo lina la thupi (nthawi zambiri m'mimba) komwe madzi amatha kuyamwa mosavuta. Izi zili ngati kupanga 'bypass' yatsopano kuti madziwo ayende kudzera muubongo. Shunt ikayikidwa, muyenera kuwona dokotala wanu nthawi zonse kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Nthawi zina, chithandizo chingachitike popanda shunt. Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV) ndi imodzi mwa opaleshoni yotereyi. Mu njira imeneyi, kamera kakang'ono (endoscope) kamalowetsedwa mu ubongo ndipo njira yatsopano imapangidwa kuti CSF idutsemo. Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu.

Dziwani mavuto omwe angakhalepo mutalandira chithandizo.

Pambuyo poyika shunt, imatha kutsekeka kapena kudwala. Ngati izi zitachitika, zizindikiro za hydrocephalus zimayamba kuonekeranso.

Yang'anirani zizindikiro izi:

• Mutu, kusanza
• Masomphenya a mbali ziwiri
• Kufiira ndi ululu panjira ya shunt
• Malungo opanda chifukwa
• Kugona tulo topitirira muyeso