Kodi mumakonda kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapakhomo kuti muledzere? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Inhalant Use Disorder)

Kodi munayamba mwaganizapo kuti zinthu zina zapakhomo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, monga zinthu zotsukira, chingamu, kapena utoto wopopera, zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti muledzere? Izi zitha kukhala vuto lalikulu kwa anthu ena. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha `(Inhalant Use Disorder)`. Mwachidule, uwu ndi mtundu wa chizolowezi cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, chifukwa ichi ndi chinthu chomwe tonsefe tiyenera kudziwa.

Kodi vuto la "(Vuto la Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mowa)" ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta, sichoncho?

Mwachidule, ``(Inhalant Use Disorder)`` ndi chizolowezi chofuna kuledzera mwa kupuma mankhwala enaake omwe amapezeka m'zinthu zapakhomo kapena m'malo ogwirira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Amatchedwanso "snorting," "bagging" (snotting into a bag) kapena "huffing" (snoffing into a piece of cloth). Tangoganizani, pali zinthu zoposa 1,000 zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito motere! Nazi zina mwa izo:

• Chotsukira uvuni
• Guluu wa chitsanzo
• Utoto wopopera
• Utoto woonda kwambiri
• Madzi oyeretsera
• Chochotsera utoto wa misomali
• Petroli
• Madzi opepuka

Mukagwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi, mankhwala amenewo amapita ku ubongo mwachindunji ndipo nthawi yomweyo amalimbikitsa "kulimbitsa ndi kupereka mphoto" mu ubongo wathu. Monga mankhwala ena. Ichi ndichifukwa chake zinthuzi zimatha kukhala zosokoneza kwambiri. Munthu akakhala wozolowera, chilichonse m'moyo wake chikhoza kuchotsedwa. Izi zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa osati pa thanzi lake lokha, komanso pa moyo wake wonse.

Ndani amene ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha izi? Kodi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli ndi ziti?

Izi n’zomvetsa chisoni kwambiri. Chifukwa, ambiri mwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito '(Inhalants)' awa ndi ana ndi achinyamata azaka zapakati pa 12 ndi 17. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti nthawi zina ana azaka zapakati pa 5 amagwiritsa ntchito izi. N’chifukwa chiyani achinyamatawa amagwiritsa ntchito izi? Chifukwa chachikulu n’chakuti zinthuzi ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kuzipeza. Ndi chinthu chomwe chimapezeka kunyumba.

Tangoganizani, n'kovuta kuti mwana wamng'ono agule ndudu kapena botolo la mowa m'sitolo. Koma sikovuta kupeza mankhwala opopera kapena chubu cha chingamu kunyumba.

Kawirikawiri, achinyamatawa amayamba kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira asanagwiritse ntchito ndudu, mowa, kapena mankhwala ena oledzeretsa. Komanso, amuna ndi omwe amakhala ndi vutoli kuposa akazi.

Kodi zizindikiro za izi ndi ziti? Kodi mumazindikira bwanji?

Ngati mukukayikira kuti mwana wanu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi chizolowezi chotere, samalani ndi zizindikiro izi.

Zizindikiro zooneka bwino:

• Ndi mpweya kapena zovalaPali fungo la mankhwala.
• Pali utoto kapena madontho ena m'manja mwanu, zala zanu, kapena zovala zanu.
• Pakulankhula , mawu amakhala osokonezeka komanso osamveka bwino.
• Kutuluka madzi m'mphuno kapena kutuluka magazi pafupipafupi.
• Pali zilonda kapena kufiira/kutupa kwa khungu mozungulira mphuno ndi pakamwa.
• Amawoneka wotopa nthawi zonse.

Kusintha kwa khalidwe:

• Amasonyeza kusalabadira chilichonse.
• Kusowa chilakolako mwadzidzidzi komanso kuchepa thupi .
• Mwadzidzidzi , mabwenzi amasintha, zosangalatsa zimasintha.
• Pali vuto lalikulu pantchito ya kusukulu .
• Nkhawa yawo pa ukhondo ndi dongosolo yachepa.

Zinthu zomwe zimaoneka bwino m'maganizo:

• Chisokonezo.
• Kuvuta kuyika chidwi (Kusayika chidwi bwino).
• Kuvutika maganizo.
• Kukwiya popanda chifukwa, kusakhazikika (Kukwiya).
• Udani.
• Kusokonezeka maganizo kumabwera chifukwa cha ena.

Ngati muwona chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuziganizira.

Kodi izi zingayambitse mavuto otani?

Kugwiritsa ntchito "(zopumira)" kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse mavuto ambiri akuthupi ndi amisala. Zina mwa izi zimachitika mwachindunji chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, pomwe zina zimachitika chifukwa cha zoopsa zina zomwe zimadza chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo (monga kugonana kosatetezeka, kusowa nyumba yokhazikika).

Mavuto a thanzi la thupi:

• Chifuwa chachikulu
• HIV/AIDS
• Matenda opatsirana pogonana
• Matenda a m'mphuno
• Mphumu
• Matenda a sinusitis

Mavuto a thanzi la maganizo:

• Kuvutika maganizo
• Nkhawa
• Matenda amisala oyambitsidwa ndi mpweya
• Matenda aakulu kapena ochepa a ubongo
• Kusokonezeka maganizo chifukwa cha kuledzera

Mukamva zinthu izi, mumamvetsa momwe izi zingachitikire kwambiri, eti?

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji vutoli?

Madokotala amazindikira matenda opumira pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira malinga ndi Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Mwachidule, vutoli limapezeka pamene kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira mobwerezabwereza kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu kapena kuvulaza moyo wa munthu, kapena ngati pali vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawo .

Dokotala ali mu mkhalidwe uwuSankhani kuti makhalidwe awiri mwa awa ayenera kukhalapo mkati mwa chaka chimodzi:

• Kumva chikhumbo champhamvu kapena chilakolako chofuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira.
• Ngakhale kuti pali chikhumbo chachikulu chosiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira, khama lochita zimenezo silikuyenda bwino.
• Zimatenga nthawi yambiri kupeza, kugwiritsa ntchito, ndi kuchira kuchokera ku mankhwala opumira.
• Izi zimayambitsa mavuto kuntchito, kusukulu, komanso m'mabanja, koma akupitilizabe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira.
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira kumapangitsa kuti munthu asiye kuchita zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa ntchito, pagulu, kapena pa zosangalatsa.
• Ngakhale kuti akudziwa zotsatirapo zake zakuthupi, anthu akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira.
• Kuti mupeze "kukwera" komwe munali nako kale , tsopano mukufunikira kupumira kwambiri (kulekerera).

Ngati muli ndi chilichonse mwa zinthuzi, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?

Mwamwayi, pali njira zochizira vutoli, Inhalant Use Disorder. Mankhwalawa ndi ofanana kwambiri ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo.

• Chithandizo cha munthu payekha: Chithandizo cha Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) ndi chothandiza kwambiri. Chimakuphunzitsani momwe mungathanirane ndi mavuto, kuwongolera chilakolako chanu chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso kupewa kukakamizidwa ndi anzanu.
• Uphungu wa m'banja: Izi zimathandiza kukonza njira zolankhulirana, maubwenzi, ndi makhalidwe m'banja. Chifukwa chithandizo cha m'banja n'chofunika kwambiri pa vuto lamtunduwu.
• Kulimbikitsa: Uwu ndi mtundu winawake wa uphungu womwe umapatsa achinyamata chilimbikitso chomwe amafunikira kuti asinthe miyoyo yawo.
• Mapulogalamu ochita zinthu ndi olimbikitsa: Izi zimapereka luso latsopano komanso zokumana nazo pagulu. Izi ndizofunikira m'malo mogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo zinthu monga usiku wowonera mafilimu, kuvina, ndi kuyenda pansi. Zingakuthandizeninso kukumana ndi anzanu atsopano omwe sagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
• Magulu othandizira ndi mapulogalamu a masitepe 12: Zitsanzo zikuphatikizapo magulu monga `Alcoholics Anonymous` ndi `Narcotics Anonymous`. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiopsezo chobwereranso ku matendawa ndikukhalabe ndi moyo wopanda mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi zizolowezi zoopsa, chithandizo chamankhwala m'nyumba chingapereke zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati mumwa mankhwala opumira mopitirira muyeso? Kodi ndi zoopsa?

Inde, ndizoopsa kwambiri!Zinthu zina, makamaka zosungunulira ndi zopopera za aerosol, zimakhala ndi mankhwala oopsa ambiri. Ngakhale kupumira kamodzi kokha mwa izi kungayambitse khunyu, chikomokere, komanso imfa yadzidzidzi ya mtima. Izi zitha kuchitika ngakhale kwa munthu amene akugwiritsa ntchito koyamba.

Chinthu china choopsa ndi kupuma mpweya woipa wotchedwa `(Inhalants)`` uku uli ndi pepala kapena thumba la pulasitiki pamutu pako. Izi zingayambitse kupuma mpweya woipa ndi imfa. Komanso, kupuma mpweya woipawu m'malo mwa mpweya m'mapapo kungayambitse imfa chifukwa cha kupuma mpweya woipa.

Ngati wina akumva ``(Kupumira Mopitirira Muyeso)'', chithandizo chadzidzidzi ndi kuchiza vuto lomwe lingakhale pachiwopsezo panthawiyo (monga kuletsa kugwedezeka, kuyambitsanso mtima). Pakadali pano palibe chithandizo chapadera chobweza zotsatira za kuledzera kwa ``(Kupumira)''.

Kodi izi zingapewedwe?

Inde, tingayese kupewa izi mpaka pamlingo wina. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kupereka maphunziro a luso la moyo kwa achinyamata kusukulu kwathandiza kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira. Maphunziro a luso la moyo awa akuyang'ana kwambiri pa:

• Kukulitsa kudzidalira komanso luso lolankhulana.
• Kukulitsa ubale waumwini.
• Kuphunzitsa momwe mungathanirane ndi nkhawa ndi kupsinjika maganizo.

Mapulogalamu ophunzirira kusukulu ngati awa apereka zotsatira zabwino.

Kodi tingathe kutuluka mu mkhalidwe uwu? Kodi chiyembekezo chili bwanji?

Kutha kuchira ku vutoli komanso nthawi yomwe matendawa akupita patsogolo zimadalira zinthu zingapo.

• Kuopsa kwa matendawa.
• Mlingo wa chizolowezi.
• Kudzipereka kusiya.
• Nthawi ya chithandizo.
• Momwe mungathanirane ndi mavuto.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ndi thandizo loyenera, anthu omwe akuvutika ndi vutoli akhoza kuchira ndikukhala moyo wabwinobwino komanso wokhutiritsa. Choncho, kupempha thandizo ndi sitepe yoyamba kuti muchiritse. Pitani kwa dokotala wanu ndipo mukambirane za izi.

Kodi mungamuthandize bwanji munthu wapafupi nanu ngati uyu ndi wozunzidwa?

Zingakhale zovuta kwambiri komanso zovuta kudziwa kuti munthu amene mumamukonda akuvutika ndi izi. Koma mukhoza kuwathandiza.

• Lankhulani nawo nthawi yomweyo: Ndi bwino kukambirana nawo mwamsanga mukangozindikira kuti pali vuto. Munthu amene ali ndi vuto la Inhalant Use Disorder akalandira chithandizo msanga, zimakhala bwino. Lankhulani nawo za nkhawa zanu ndipo muwathandize kupeza chithandizo mwamsanga.
• Mvetserani ndi chifundo: Ngakhale simukugwirizana ndi zochita zake, mvetserani mosamala zomwe akunena. Akamamvetsa bwino kuti "amamvera zomwe ndikufuna kunena," adzakutsegulirani mtima ndikukuonani ngati munthu amene angamudalire.
• Khazikani mtima pansi:Musaganize kuti kungolankhula za izi kamodzi kapena kuchitapo kanthu kamodzi kokha kudzathetsa vutoli. Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mowa ndi vuto lovuta. Palibe njira zachangu zothetsera vutoli.
• Dzisamalireni: Pamene mukuthandiza, mungamve kupsinjika maganizo, kupsinjika maganizo, kusungulumwa, kapena chisoni. Zimenezo n'zachibadwa. Koma ndikofunikira kusamalira thanzi lanu la maganizo. Mukakhala olimba, mungathandizenso wina. Ngati mukufuna thandizo, pezani thandizo nokha.

Matenda Ogwiritsa Ntchito Mowa ndi chizolowezi chomwe chimachitika mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira kuti muledzere. Ngati mukuona kuti kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira kukukhudza thanzi lanu, maubwenzi anu, ntchito, sukulu, kapena mbali zina za moyo wanu, ndi nthawi yoti mupeze thandizo. Ngati muwona munthu wapafupi nanu akuwonetsa zizindikirozi, muuzeni kuti apeze thandizo mwamsanga. Monga matenda ena ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, matenda ogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi vuto lochiritsika. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu ndipo tengani njira yoyamba kuti muchiritse.

Chidule cha zomwe tidakambirana (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Lero takambirana za vuto lotchedwa ``Inhalant Use Disorder'' lomwe anthu ambiri sangadziwe, koma likhoza kukhala loopsa kwambiri.

• Mwachidule, ichi ndi chizolowezi choledzera ndi fungo la zinthu zapakhomo za tsiku ndi tsiku (utoto, chingamu, zotsukira).
• Ana aang'ono ndi omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha izi, chifukwa zinthuzi n'zosavuta kuzipeza.
• Zizindikiro za izi zitha kukhala zakuthupi, zamakhalidwe, komanso zamaganizo . Ndikofunikira kuzidziwa.
• Izi zingayambitse mavuto aakulu azaumoyo komanso imfa .
• Chabwino kwambiri ndichakuti, pali njira zochizira izi. Mutha kupeza thandizo kudzera mu zinthu monga `(Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - CBT)`, uphungu wa mabanja, ndi magulu othandizira.
• Kupewa n'kofunika kwambiri. Mapulogalamu omwe amaphunzitsa luso lokhala ndi moyo kusukulu amathandiza pa izi.
• Ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa akuvutika ndi vutoli, chonde funsani upangiri kwa dokotala. Mukalandira thandizo mwachangu, mudzachira mwachangu.

Kumbukirani, simuyenera kuvutika nokha mu mkhalidwe ngati uwu. Kupempha thandizo kumalimbitsa.

mankhwala opumira, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kuledzera, thanzi la achinyamata, thanzi la maganizo, vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opumira, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, Sri Lanka