Dziwani za MAOIs (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors), mankhwala akale ochizira kuvutika maganizo

Kodi simukusangalala? Kodi mwatopa ndi chilichonse? Timatcha vutoli kukhala kuvutika maganizo. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala omwe amaperekedwa pochiza matenda amisala otchedwa kuvutika maganizo. Lero tikambirana za gulu la mankhwala omwe ndi akale pang'ono ndipo muyenera kusamala nawo kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito. Mankhwalawa amatchedwa MAOIs, omwe amayimira Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Ngakhale dzinali lingawoneke lovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule.

Kodi ma MAOI amenewa ndi chiyani kwenikweni?

Mwachidule, MAOIs ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo. Awa ndi mankhwala oyamba oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe apezeka padziko lonse lapansi . Komabe, madokotala sapereka mankhwalawa mosavuta masiku ano. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zomwe mumadya ndi kumwa mukamamwa mankhwalawa, komanso muyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi zotsatirapo zina komanso chitetezo.

Kawirikawiri, madokotala amangopereka mankhwala a MAOI ngati njira yomaliza pamene mankhwala ena atsopano oletsa kuvutika maganizo (monga SSRIs) alephera kusintha zizindikiro.

Ndi mankhwala ati omwe ali m'gulu ili?

Nazi zina mwa mitundu ya MAOIs yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi:

• Isocarboxazid (Marplan®)
• Phenelzine (Nardil®)
• Selegiline (Emsam®)
• Tranylcypromine (Parnate®)

Mayina awa mwina simungawadziwe bwino, chifukwa sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri m'dziko lathu. Koma ndi bwino kudziwa.

Ndi matenda ati omwe amachiritsidwa ndi MAOIs?

Mankhwalawa avomerezedwa ku matenda osiyanasiyana.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Izi n'zosavuta kuzimvetsa. Tangoganizani kuti pali amithenga ang'onoang'ono mkati mwa ubongo wathu. Timawatcha kuti ma neurotransmitters . Serotonin, Norepinephrine, ndi Dopamine ndi amithenga akuluakulu omwe amalamulira zinthu monga chimwemwe, tulo, ndi kukumbukira m'maganizo mwathu.

Tsopano, pali enzyme ina muubongo mwathu yotchedwa monoamine oxidase . Ntchito ya enzyme iyi ndi "kuyeretsa" amithenga amenewo. Ndiko kuti, kuwaphwanya ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwawo.

Chomwe MAOI imachita ndi chakuti imaletsa enzyme yomwe imatsuka (Monoamine Oxidase) kugwira ntchito. Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani? Anthu okondwa amenewo (monga serotonin ndi dopamine) amasonkhana muubongo m'malo mosweka. Mlingo wawo umawonjezeka. Kenako malingaliro athu amakula ndipo zizindikiro za kuvutika maganizo zimachepa.

Pakadali pano, palinso mankhwala otchedwa Tyramine . Amathandiza kulamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi m'thupi lathu. Mankhwala a MAOI amaletsanso kuwonongeka kwa Tyramine iyi. Ichi ndiye chiopsezo chachikulu chomwe chimabwera ndi mankhwalawa . Tikambirana za izi mtsogolo.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake ndi zoopsa za MAOIs ndi ziti?

Pali zotsatirapo zingapo zomwe zingachitike komanso zoopsa zazikulu zomwe zingachitike chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ndi koopsa kwambiri kuwagwiritsa ntchito popanda upangiri wa dokotala .

Zotsatira zoyipa zofala

• Chizungulire kapena mutu wopepuka (chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kotsika)
• Pakamwa pouma (xerostomia)
• Kusanza
• Kutupa kapena kudzimbidwa
• Kugona tulo
• Kusowa tulo

Zoopsa zazikulu ndi zovuta zake

1. Matenda a Serotonin

Uwu ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri komanso lomwe lingayambitse imfa. Limachitika pamene kuchuluka kwa serotonin m'thupi kwakwera kwambiri. Chiwopsezochi chimakhala chachikulu kwambiri ngati mutenga MAOIs pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena omwe amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa serotonin (monga SSRIs, mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu). Ndicho chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa, ngakhale mavitamini.

2. Mavuto okhudzana ndi chakudya (Tyramine imagwira ntchito)

Ili ndiye vuto lalikulu kwambiri la MAOI. Monga tanenera kale, MAOI amaletsa kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala otchedwa tyramine, omwe amapezeka mwachibadwa mu zakudya zina.

Ngati mudya zakudya zokhala ndi tyramine yambiri pamene mukumwa MAOI, kuchuluka kwa tyramine m'magazi anu kumatha kukwera kwambiri. Izi zingayambitse kukwera kwadzidzidzi komanso kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi . Izi zimatchedwa "Tyramine Pressor Response." Nthawi zina, kuthamanga kwa magazi kumeneku kungayambitse kutuluka magazi muubongo (kutuluka magazi m'mitsempha) komanso imfa.

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe muyenera kupewa mukamamwa MAOIs?

Pansipa pali mndandanda wa zakudya zomwe munthu amene akumwa mankhwalawa ayenera kupewa, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa tyramine.

3. Matenda Oletsa Kuvutika Maganizo

Vutoli lingachitike ngati mutasiya kumwa mankhwalawa mwadzidzidzi mutamwa kwa milungu yoposa 6. Zizindikiro monga kutentha thupi, kupweteka kwa thupi, mutu, chizungulire, kusowa tulo, komanso kusakhazikika zingachitike. Chifukwa chake, musasiye kumwa mankhwalawa popanda kufunsa dokotala wanu . Ngati musiya kumwa mankhwalawa, muyenera kuchita pang'onopang'ono kwa milungu ingapo ndipo dokotala wanu akuyang'anirani.

4. Maganizo ofuna kudzipha

Pali chiopsezo chochepa cha maganizo ofuna kudzipha pamene achinyamata osakwana zaka 25 ayamba kumwa mankhwalawa. Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu muli ndi maganizo amenewa, lankhulani ndi dokotala amene wakupatsani mankhwalawo nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukumwa mankhwala a MAOI, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti muwone ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito komanso ngati pali mavuto aliwonse. Kuphatikiza apo, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za izi.

• Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zomwe simungathe kuzipirira.
• Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha, kapena ngati zikuipiraipira.
• Ngati mukuona kuti muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo.