Kodi inunso mukuiwala zinthu? Mwina izi ndi 'MCI' (Mild Cognitive Impairment)!

Kodi nthawi zina mumaiwala zinthu zazing'ono? Ganizirani za chinthu chomwe mumakambirana ndi mnzanu, kapena msonkhano wofunika womwe mungakhale nawo mawa. Nthawi zina mumayenera kuyang'ana zinthu monga komwe kuli makiyi anu, komwe kuli magalasi anu, sichoncho? Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi zinthu zazing'ono izi mukamakula. Koma, kodi inuyo kapena munthu wina wapafupi nanu mudamvapo kuti zinthu izi zikuiwala kwambiri, ndipo zikusokoneza zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku? Ngati ndi choncho, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mudziwe za vuto ili lotchedwa `Mild Cognitive Impairment` (MCI), lomwe tikambirana lero.

Kodi 'Mild Cognitive Impairment' (MCI) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, `Mild Cognitive Impairment` (MCI) ndi vuto lomwe muli ndi kuchepa kwa chidziwitso, kapena kufooka pang'ono , poyerekeza ndi ena azaka zanu. Koma izi zimangoonekera . Maluso awa a chidziwitso ndi awa:

• Kukumbukira: Kutha kukumbukira zinthu.
• Kuganiza ndi Kuweruza: Kutha kuona chinthu kuchokera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kusankha pakati pa chabwino ndi choipa, ndi kupanga zisankho.
• Kukonzekera ndi kuchita ntchito zovuta: Kutha kukonzekera ntchito mwadongosolo ndikuigwira bwino.

Mungazindikire kusinthaku nokha, kapena wachibale kapena mnzanu angazindikire. Chofunika ndichakuti kusinthaku sikuli koopsa kwambiri moti simungathe kuchita zinthu zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku . Izi zikutanthauza kuti, mutha kuchita zinthu monga kusamba, kudya, ndi kuvala nokha.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa kusintha kwa kukumbukira kokhudzana ndi ukalamba ndi MCI ndi kotani?

Ndizachibadwa kuti tonsefe tisinthe pang'ono momwe ubongo wathu umagwirira ntchito tikamakalamba. Ganizirani zinthu monga kutenga nthawi yayitali kuti tiphunzire chinthu chatsopano, kapena kuchita zinthu pang'onopang'ono.

Komabe, kusinthaku kwakung'ono komwe kumachitika mukakula sikukhudza momwe mumagwirira ntchito kapena luso lanu lochita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku . Kukalamba kwabwinobwino sikukhudza kwambiri zinthu monga kuzindikira, nzeru, kapena kukumbukira kwa nthawi yayitali.

Komabe, ngati muli ndi zaka zoposa 65, nthawi zina mungaiwale mayina, mawu, kapena malo. Komabe, pankhani ya MCI, mungayambe kuiwala zokambirana zomwe mudakambirana ndi ena komanso zinthu zomwe mumakumbukira nthawi zonse (monga nthawi yomwe mudapangana nthawi yokumana ndi dokotala kapena tsiku lobadwa la wachibale). MCI ingakhudzenso zochita zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku pamlingo winawake.

Kodi kusiyana pakati pa `Dementia` ndi `MCI` ndi kotani?

Mawu akuti 'Dementia' ndi 'MCI' onse ndi ofotokozera. Amanena za momwe luso la munthu lasinthira komanso momwe limakhudzira zochita zake za tsiku ndi tsiku .

Kusiyana kwakukulu ndi kwakuti mu MCI, kusintha kwa luso la maganizo sikusokoneza kwambiri moyo watsiku ndi tsiku.Koma mu 'Dementia', luso la maganizo limachepa kwambiri kotero kuti sangathe kuchita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku . Chinanso n'chakuti anthu omwe ali ndi 'MCI' sakumana ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa umunthu monga omwe ali ndi 'Dementia'.

Matenda a dementia ndi kuchepa pang'onopang'ono kwa ntchito ya maganizo komwe kumakhala kwakukulu mokwanira kuti kusokoneze moyo watsiku ndi tsiku. Munthu amene ali ndi matenda a dementia akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro ziwiri kapena zingapo mwa izi:

• Kutaya kukumbukira
• Kuchepa kwa luso loganiza
• Mavuto a chilankhulo (kuvutika kulankhula, kumvetsetsa)
• Kuvuta kugwirizanitsa ziwalo za thupi
• Kusintha kwa maganizo
• Kusintha kwa khalidwe

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimayambitsa `MCI` kapena `Dementia`.

Kodi 'MCI' nthawi zonse imasanduka 'Dementia'?

Funso limene anthu ambiri amafunsa ndi ili. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi MCI amatha kudwala matenda a dementia. Komabe, si aliyense amene amachita zimenezo . M'matenda ena omwe amawonongeka ndi mitsempha, MCI ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyamba cha matendawa. Matenda omwe amawonongeka ndi mitsempha ndi matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo ndipo amakula pakapita nthawi. Zitsanzo zake ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson's.

Komabe, anthu ena omwe ali ndi MCI amabwerera ku mulingo wabwinobwino malinga ndi msinkhu wawo, kapena vuto lawo limakhazikika, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti silikuipiraipira.

Kodi MCI ndi yofala bwanji?

Malinga ndi American Academy of Neurology, vutoli, lotchedwa ``Mild Cognitive Impairment`` (MCI), limapezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana azaka motere:

• Pafupifupi 8% ya anthu azaka zapakati pa 65 ndi 69.
• Pafupifupi 15% ya anthu azaka zapakati pa 75 ndi 79.
• Pafupifupi 25% ya anthu azaka zapakati pa 80 ndi 84.
• Pafupifupi 37% ya anthu azaka 85 kapena kuposerapo.

Ziwerengero izi zikusonyeza kuti mwayi wokhala ndi vutoli ukuwonjezeka ndi ukalamba.

Kodi zizindikiro za `MCI` ndi ziti?

Chizindikiro chachikulu cha `Mild Cognitive Impairment` (MCI) ndi kuchepa kwa luso la maganizo. Zitsanzo zina za izi ndi izi:

• Kutaya kukumbukira: Mungaiwale zochitika zaposachedwa. Mungabwereze mafunso ndi nkhani zomwezo mobwerezabwereza. Nthawi zina mungaiwale mayina a anzanu ndi abale, maulendo a dokotala, ndi mapulani. Mungaiwalenso komwe zinthu zili nthawi zambiri.
• Mavuto a chilankhulo: Mungakhale ndi vuto lopeza mawu enieni omwe mukufuna. Mungakhalenso ndi vuto lomvetsa zomwe zalembedwa kapena zomwe wina akunena komanso kale.
• Chenjezo:Chisamaliro chanu chingasinthe mofulumira, ndipo mungasokonezedwe mosavuta kuposa kale.
• Kuganiza ndi kuweruza: Kuthetsa vuto ndi kupanga chisankho kungakhale kovuta.
• Kukonzekera movutikira: Kukonzekera ndi kukwaniritsa ntchito zovuta monga kulipira mabilu, kumwa mankhwala pa nthawi yake, kupita kusitolo, kulima dimba, kugwira ntchito zapakhomo, ndi kuyendetsa galimoto, kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kuposa kale.

Kuphatikiza apo, mavuto oyenda ndi mavuto okhudzana ndi kununkhiza apezekanso kuti akugwirizana ndi MCI.

Kodi zifukwa za `MCI` ndi ziti?

Matenda Osazindikira Mofatsa (MCI) amatha kukhala ndi zifukwa zambiri. Zina zimatha kuchiritsidwa, pomwe zina sizingatheke.

Nazi zifukwa zina zomwe zingatheke:

• Kuvutika maganizo, kupsinjika maganizo kosatha, ndi nkhawa.
• Mavuto a chithokomiro, impso, kapena chiwindi.
• Kulephera kupuma mokwanira komanso matenda ena okhudzana ndi kugona.
• Matenda omwe amakhudza kuyenda kwa magazi kupita ku ubongo: Mwachitsanzo, zotupa mu ubongo, magazi kuundana, sitiroko, kapena kuvulala koopsa mu ubongo.
• Kusowa kwa Vitamini B12 kapena kusowa kwa zakudya zina.
• Matenda: Mwachitsanzo, matenda a mkodzo (UTI).
• Zotsatirapo zoyipa za mankhwala ena: Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala monga calcium channel blockers, anticholinergic drugs, ndi benzodiazepines.
• Matenda a kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mowa.

MCI nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda ofooka a mitsempha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti MCI ikhoza kukhala chiyambi cha matenda monga:

• Matenda a Alzheimer
• Matenda a Parkinson
• `Lewy body dementia`
• Matenda a mitsempha yamagazi
• Matenda a maganizo a Frontotemporal

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa `MCI`?

Zinthu zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa vuto la kuchepa kwa chidziwitso (MCI) ndi zofanana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a dementia.

• Kukhala ndi zaka 65 kapena kuposerapo.
• Ngati wina m'banjamo ali ndi vuto la dementia (majini).
• Kukhala ndi matenda omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima: mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi, matenda a shuga, komanso kunenepa kwambiri.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi `MCI`?

Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuzindikira molondola vuto la kuchepa kwa chidziwitso (MCI), chifukwa lingakhale chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda ambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, zizindikiro zina za MCI ndizofala ku matenda ena ambiri.

Dokotala wanu adzachita zinthu izi:

• Ndikufunsa za zizindikiro zanu .
• Funsani za mbiri yanu ya matenda (matenda omwe mudadwalapo kale, mankhwala omwe mudamwa).
• Yang'anani mankhwala omwe mukumwa panopa .
• Funsani ngati pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene ali ndi vuto lalikulu la kukumbukira kapena matenda amisala .
• Kuyezetsa thupi ndi kuyezetsa momwe munthu alili m'maganizo kudzachitika.
• Funsani wachibale wanu kapena mnzanu wodalirika za kusintha kwa kagwiridwe kanu ka ntchito m'maganizo .

Kuphatikiza apo, n'zotheka kuchita mayeso monga:

• Mayeso a mu labotale: Dokotala wanu angachite mayeso a magazi kapena mkodzo kuti aone ngati ali ndi matenda kapena kutupa. Angathenso kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mahomoni a chithokomiro komanso kusowa kwa vitamini B12. Nthawi zina, angachitenso mayeso a cerebrospinal fluid (msana) kuti aone ngati pali matenda a autoimmune komanso matenda a neurodegenerative.
• Mayeso ojambulira: Mayeso monga ma scan a computed tomography (CT) ndi ma scan a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, monga sitiroko, kutuluka magazi, chotupa, kapena kuchulukana kwa madzi mu ubongo.
• Mayeso a ubongo ndi maganizo: Awa ndi mayeso olembedwa ndi olankhulidwa omwe amayesa luntha lanu lonse, kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka chilankhulo, kukumbukira, ndi luso lanu lophunzira.

Madokotala a ubongo ndi okalamba angathandize kuzindikira vuto la Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Kodi mankhwala a `MCI` ndi ati?

Chithandizo cha MCI chimadalira chomwe chimayambitsa (ngati pali chifukwa chomwe chingapezeke). Komabe, matenda ena a MCI omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda amitsempha sangathe kubwezeretsedwa. Komabe, ngati kusintha kwa maganizo anu kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda, mavuto a tulo, kusintha kwa maganizo, kapena zotsatirapo za mankhwala, dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo la chithandizo lomwe likugwirizana ndi zosowa zanu.

Bungwe la US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) silinavomereze mankhwala aliwonse ochizira mwachindunji vuto la ubongo losazindikira bwino (MCI). Komabe, njira zosagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalaPali njira zochiritsira zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito popititsa patsogolo ntchito ya ubongo ('cognition'). Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi chomwe chimayambitsa 'MCI'. Ofufuza akuyembekeza kuti mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa 'Alzheimer's disease' athandizanso 'MCI'. Pakadali pano akufufuza izi.

Ofufuza akupitiliza kuphunzira njira zochiritsira za MCI. Mutha kulowa nawo mu kafukufuku wachipatala. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungasankhe.

Kodi chitukuko cha `MCI` chingalepheretsedwe?

Si milandu yonse ya MCI yomwe ingapewedwe. Komabe, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti ubongo wanu ukhale wathanzi komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi MCI . Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kupewa kapena kusiya kusuta.
• Kupewa kumwa mowa kapena kuugwiritsa ntchito pang'ono.
• Kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso zopatsa thanzi.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
• Kusunga kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, ndi shuga m'magazi.
• Kuchepetsa ndi kulamulira kupsinjika maganizo.
• Kugona bwino.
• Kuchita masewera olimbitsa ubongo: Zinthu monga kuthetsa ma puzzle, kuwerenga mabuku, ndi kuphunzira zinthu zatsopano.
• Kuchita zinthu zosangalatsa.
• Kukaonana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse kuti akuthandizeni ndi matenda anu osatha.

Kumbukirani, ngakhale kuchita zinthuzi sikungalepheretse chitukuko cha MCI 100%, zingathandize kwambiri kuchepetsa chiopsezo.

Kodi tsogolo la munthu amene ali ndi `MCI` ndi lotani? (Outlook)

Maonekedwe a munthu amene ali ndi vuto la kuzindikira pang'ono (MCI) amasiyana malinga ndi chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa komanso zinthu zina zingapo. Ofufuza akuphunzirabe zambiri za vutoli.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 15% ya anthu azaka zopitilira 65 omwe ali ndi MCI amakhala ndi matenda a dementia mkati mwa zaka ziwiri atapezeka ndi MCI . Komanso, pakati pa 14% ndi 38% ya anthu omwe ali ndi MCI amayambiranso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa ubongo .

Kuchuluka kwa matenda a MCI nthawi zambiri kumadalira chomwe chimayambitsa matendawa. Ofufuza akupitiriza kuphunzira za kusintha kwa maganizo ndi zamankhwala mwa anthu omwe ali ndi MCI. Akuyembekeza kuti tsiku lina adzatha kulosera bwino omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga mitundu ina ya matenda a dementia, komanso momwe angapitirire msanga.

Ngati ndili ndi `MCI`, ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi matenda a MCI, ndi bwino kukambirana za tsogolo lanu ndi dokotala wanu komanso aliyense amene mumamukhulupirira.Kukambirana kumeneku n'kofunika kwambiri ngati dokotala wanu akuganiza kuti MCI yanu ndi gawo loyambirira la matenda a mitsempha monga Alzheimer's. Kukambirana kumeneku kudzathandiza osamalira kukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna ngati simungathe kudzipangira nokha zisankho mtsogolo.

Kuwonjezera pa zokambiranazo, ndi bwinonso kulemba zomwe mukufuna komanso zisankho zanu . Izi zikutanthauza kupanga zikalata zalamulo zomwe zimafotokoza zomwe mukufuna kuti zichitike ngati simungathe kudzisamalira nokha kapena kupanga zisankho zokhudzana ndi chisamaliro chanu kapena ubwino wanu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Popeza MCI ikhoza kukhala chizindikiro choyambirira cha matenda oopsa a mitsempha, ndikofunikira kuwona dokotala kapena katswiri miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse . Izi zitha kusiyana kutengera dongosolo lanu la chithandizo. Dokotala wanu amatha kuyang'anira kusintha kwa kukumbukira kwanu ndi luso lanu loganiza pakapita nthawi ndikukupatsani malingaliro pa thanzi lanu. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse, zingakhalenso zothandiza kulemba buku lanu.

Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano , funsani dokotala wanu.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala okhudza MCI?

Ngati mwapezeka ndi vuto la Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), zingakhale zothandiza kufunsa dokotala wanu mafunso awa:

• Kodi n’chiyani chinandipangitsa kukhala ndi `MCI`?
• Kodi ndi njira ziti zoyang'anira zomwe ndili nazo? (Ndiye kuti, zinthu zomwe ndingachite kuti ndithetse vutoli)
• Kodi ndikufunika kuonana ndi katswiri?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kuyang'ana kuti ndidziwe ngati MCI yanga ikuipiraipira?
• Kodi ndidzakhala ndi matenda a dementia?
• Kodi ndingathebe kuyendetsa galimoto?
• Kodi ndiyenera kusiya kuchita zinthu zina zilizonse?
• Kodi ndingatani kuti ubongo wanga ukhale wathanzi?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuuza ena za matenda anga?
• Kodi pali magulu othandizira am'deralo omwe anthu omwe ali ndi MCI angatenge nawo mbali?

Pomaliza, uthenga wopita nawo kunyumba

Kupeza kuti muli ndi vuto la ubongo lochepa (MCI) kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri komanso nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zomwe zidzachitike mtsogolo. Koma kumbukirani kuti MCI imakhudza aliyense mosiyana. Dokotala wanu adzapanga dongosolo lomwe likugwirizana ndi vuto lanu ndipo likugwirizana ndi inu. Alipo kuti ayankhe mafunso anu ndikukuthandizani.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse, m'malo monyalanyaza. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kasamalidwe koyenera kungathandize kwambiri kusunga moyo wanu wabwino. Simuli nokha, ndipo musaope kulankhula za izi ndikupempha thandizo.

'Kulephera kukumbukira, kulephera kuzindikira bwino, MCI, thanzi la ubongo, ukalamba, matenda a dementia, matenda a Alzheimer's