Puloteni yachilendo m'magazi mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance)!

Mwina mwapita kwa dokotala, kapena kungofuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni ya magazi, ndipo akuuzani za matenda omwe ali ndi dzina lachilendo lomwe simunamvepo kale. MGUS (yomwe ena amaitchanso M-Gas) ndi imodzi mwa matenda amenewo, vuto lomwe limakupangitsani kuchita mantha pang'ono mukamva dzinalo, koma sizikudziwika bwino kuti ndi chiyani kwenikweni. Chifukwa chake lero, tiyeni tikambirane za MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) m'njira yosavuta yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, MGUS ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza mtundu wapadera wa selo lotchedwa maselo a plasma, omwe ndi gawo la magazi athu ndipo amapezeka mu fupa la mafupa. Tsopano mwina mukudabwa kuti maselo a plasma awa ndi otani. Maselo a plasma awa ndi ziwalo zofunika kwambiri pa chitetezo cha mthupi lathu. Ntchito yawo yayikulu ndikupanga mapuloteni otchedwa ma antibodies omwe amathandiza thupi lathu kudziteteza ku matenda.

Koma mwa munthu amene ali ndi MGUS, maselo a plasma awa amasintha pang'ono, ndipo m'malo mwa ma antibodies enieni omwe ayenera kupanga, amapanga mtundu wina wa puloteni wosiyana, wosazolowereka wotchedwa "mapuloteni a M." Mapuloteni a M awa sachita chilichonse m'thupi lathu. Nthawi zambiri, mapuloteni a M awa samayambitsa mavuto ambiri, ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MGUS alibe zizindikiro zilizonse. Kawirikawiri, dokotala amapeza vutoli mwangozi akamayesa magazi kapena mkodzo pazifukwa zina.

Komabe, nthawi zina, MGUS imatha kukhala yoopsa kwambiri n’kukhala khansa ya m’magazi kapena matenda ena oopsa a m’magazi. Ndicho chifukwa chake madokotala, akadziwa kuti muli ndi MGUS, amachita mayeso a magazi ndi mkodzo miyezi 6 iliyonse kapena kamodzi pachaka kuti aone ngati ikusintha kukhala vuto lalikulu.

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Ngakhale kuti aliyense akhoza kukhala ndi vuto limeneli lotchedwa MGUS, anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wolipeza.

• Anthu azaka zopitilira 50 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza MGUS. Chiwopsezochi chimawonjezeka pang'ono mukamakula. Munthu wazaka zopitilira 50 ali ndi mwayi wa 3% mpaka 5% wopeza vutoli. Mukayang'ana anthu azaka zopitilira 75, izi ndi pafupifupi 5%.
• MGUS ndi yofala kwambiri mwa anthu akuda .
• Amuna ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi MGUS kuposa akazi.
• Anthu omwe kale anali ndi mbiri yogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo kapena ophera tizilombo nawonso ali pachiwopsezo.

Kodi MGUS imakhudza bwanji thupi langa?

Monga tanenera kale, MGUS imayamba chifukwa cha mafupa anu omwe amapanga maselo a plasma osazolowereka. Taganizirani ngati maselo a plasma a munthu wathanzi ali ngati asilikali ophunzitsidwa bwino. Amapanga zida zotchedwa ma antibodies zomwe zimakhala zapadera pa kachilombo kalikonse. Ma antibodies amenewa ndi omwe amatithandiza kuzindikira ndikulimbana ndi majeremusi omwe amalowa m'thupi lathu, kutiteteza ku matenda.

Koma mu MGUS, maselo a m'magazi amenewa amakhala "openga" pang'ono ndipo amapanga mapuloteni a M. Mapuloteni a M awa amasonkhana m'magazi mwathu ndikuyenda m'thupi lathu lonse. Nthawi zina mapuloteni a M osazolowerekawa amasonkhana m'magazi ndi mkodzo wathu ndipo amatha kuwononga impso zanu, mtima, ndi mitsempha. Sikuti zokhazo, komanso pamene pali mapuloteni a M ambiri m'magazi mwanu, mphamvu ya thupi lanu yolimbana ndi majeremusi ingachepenso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mumatha kudwala mosavuta.

Kodi MGUS ndi khansa?

Nayi funso lomwe anthu ambiri amafunsa. Ayi, MGUS si khansa yokha. Komabe, ndi matenda omwe amatha kukhala khansa. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, MGUS ingaganizidwe ngati matenda "asanafike khansa" omwe khansa isanachitike.

Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 20% ya anthu omwe ali ndi MGUS pamapeto pake adzadwala khansa ya m'magazi yotchedwa multiple myeloma . Izi zikutanthauza kuti si aliyense amene ali ndi MGUS amene adzadwala khansa, koma pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa asanu ali pachiwopsezo.

Kuphatikiza apo, anthu ena omwe ali ndi MGUS amatha kudwala mitundu ina ya khansa ya m'magazi kapena matenda akuluakulu okhudzana ndi magazi. Mwachitsanzo:

• Amyloidosis
• Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
• Matenda a khansa ya m'magazi (CLL)

Chofunika: Si aliyense amene ali ndi MGUS amene adzadwala khansa. Komabe, ndikofunikira kupita kuchipatala nthawi zonse chifukwa cha chiopsezo.

Kodi zizindikiro za MGUS ndi ziti?

Monga tanenera kale, nthawi zambiri MGUS siimayambitsa zizindikiro zinazake. Imeneyo ndi imodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu omwe amakhala nawo. Komabe, nthawi zina anthu ena amakumana ndi zizindikiro. Ngati atatero, angakumane ndi zinthu monga:

• Kumva kuwawa m'miyendo.
• Kumva kufooka ndi kusowa moyo .
• Kumva dzanzi kapena kutaya kumva m'malo ena.

Zizindikiro zimenezi zingakhale zizindikiro za matenda ena ambiri, choncho musaganize kuti muli ndi MGUS chifukwa chakuti muli ndi chimodzi kapena ziwiri mwa izi. Komabe, ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosatha, ndi bwino kupita kwa dokotala.

Kodi chimayambitsa MGUS ndi chiyani?

Ndipotu, madokotala sakudziwabe chifukwa chake maselo a plasma m'mafupa athu amasintha ndikuyamba kupanga mapuloteni a M. Ndicho chimene gawo la "Kufunika Kosatsimikizika" la dzina la matendawa limanena.

Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zikuganiziridwa kuti zimayambitsa vutoli:

• Kusintha kwa majini: Kusintha kwina kwa majini athu kungayambitse izi.
• Kukhala ndi matenda a autoimmune:Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimaukira maselo a thupi (monga nyamakazi ya rheumatoid) ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza MGUS.
• Chithandizo cha matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune: Mankhwala ena omwe amatengedwa pa matenda awa angathandizenso.
• Kukhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa ma radiation.
• Kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi ophera tizilombo.

Izi ndi zinthu zomwe zadziwika panopa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda, koma ngakhale munthu wopanda chilichonse mwa izi akhoza kudwala MGUS.

Kodi madokotala amazindikira bwanji MGUS?

Nthawi zambiri, MGUS imapezeka mwangozi. Dokotala amafufuza magazi ndi mkodzo wanu kuti awone mapuloteni a M. Kuphatikiza apo, amafufuzanso zinthu zina zingapo kuti awone chiopsezo cha MGUS kukhala khansa kapena matenda ena oopsa a magazi. Zinthu zoopsa izi ndi izi:

• Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a M m'magazi mwanu: Kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a M m'magazi, chiopsezo chimakhala chachikulu.
• Mtundu wa mapuloteni a M m'magazi mwanu: Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mapuloteni a M. Mitundu ina ndi yoopsa pang'ono kuposa ina.
• Kuchuluka kwa maunyolo a kuwala kwaulere (FLC) m'magazi mwanu: FLC ndi mtundu wa mapuloteni opangidwa ndi maselo a m'magazi. Mayeso a FLC amafufuza kuchuluka kwa izi kosazolowereka.

Kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti munthu amene ali ndi zinthu zitatuzi ali ndi mwayi wa 58% wopeza khansa ya m'magazi mkati mwa zaka 20. Mofananamo, munthu amene alibe chilichonse mwa zinthuzi ali ndi mwayi wa 5% wopeza khansa ya m'magazi mkati mwa zaka 20. Choncho mayesowa angathandize dokotala wanu kumvetsa kuchuluka kwa chiopsezo chanu.

Kodi MGUS imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MGUS safunika chithandizo chilichonse. Chifukwa, monga tanenera, anthu ambiri alibe vuto lililonse ndi matendawa ndipo samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse.

Komabe, chifukwa MGUS imatha kusanduka khansa, dokotala wanu adzayang'ana kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni a M m'magazi ndi mkodzo wanu miyezi 6 iliyonse kapena kamodzi pachaka. Izi zimatchedwa "kudikira mosamala." Monga mlonda, dokotalayo akuyang'ana kuti awone ngati pali kusintha kulikonse.

Nthawi zina, anthu omwe ali ndi MGUS angakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha kutayika kwa mafupa kapena kusweka kwa mafupa. Ngati muli pachiwopsezo, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala olimbitsa mafupa anu ndi malangizo ena owonjezera kuchulukana kwa mafupa.

Kodi MGUS ingapewedwe?

Mwatsoka, ayi. Sitingathe kuletsa vutoli lotchedwa MGUS. Chifukwa limayambitsidwa ndi kusintha kwina kwa majini athu (masinthidwe a majini), komwe maselo osazolowereka a plasma amapangidwa, ndipo maselo amenewo amayamba kupanga mapuloteni a M. Kusintha kwa majini kumeneku ndi zinthu zomwe sitingathe kuzilamulira.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati muli ndi MGUS? Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani?

Kawirikawiri, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MGUS amatha kukhala moyo wabwinobwino popanda zizindikiro zilizonse. Ndi ochepa okha omwe amadwala khansa ya m'magazi kapena matenda ena a m'magazi omwe takambirana kale.

Ngati mayeso anu a magazi ndi mkodzo akusonyeza kuti muli ndi mapuloteni a M, muyenera kuyesedwanso magazi ndi mkodzo miyezi 6 mpaka 12 iliyonse. Izi zikuthandizani madokotala anu kuti ayang'anire vuto lanu kuti aone ngati likuipiraipira. Izi zingawoneke ngati zokhumudwitsa pang'ono, koma ndizofunikira kwambiri pa chitetezo chanu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngakhale kuti chifukwa chenicheni cha MGUS sichikudziwika, takambirana za kugwirizana pakati pa matenda odziteteza ku matenda a autoimmune, mankhwala ake, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya radiation, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Komanso zimapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitirira 50.

• Ngati mukuda nkhawa kuti mwina muli ndi MGUS, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za zinthu zomwe zingakubweretsereni chiopsezo ndipo kambiranani kuti mukayezetsedwe ngati pakufunika kutero.
• Ngati muli kale ndi MGUS, tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu molondola. Pitani kuchipatala nthawi yake.
• Ngati muyamba zizindikiro zatsopano, monga dzanzi, kufooka, ndi kutaya kumverera komwe takambirana kale, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.

MGUS ndi matenda omwe ngakhale sayansi ya zamankhwala sinawamvetse bwino. Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, pali zinthu zambiri zomwe sitikudziwa za matendawa. Mwachitsanzo, sizikudziwika bwino momwe anthu ena omwe ali ndi matendawa amakhalira ndi khansa ya m'magazi kapena matenda oopsa a m'magazi pomwe ena satero.

Koma madokotala akuvumbulutsa pang'onopang'ono zinsinsi zimenezi. Ngati muli ndi MGUS, madokotala tsopano akhoza kuneneratu pang'ono momwe mungayambire matenda aakulu. Ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingakuike pachiwopsezo chotenga MGUS. Kutengera ndi zomwe zanenedwazo, mutha kusankha ngati kuli koyenera kuti muyezedwe vutoli.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Musachite mantha mukamva dzina lakuti MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance). Chofunika kwambiri ndikudziwa izi.

• MGUS si khansa, koma ndi vuto lomwe lingayambitse khansa.
• Anthu ambiri saona zizindikiro ndipo safunikira chithandizo.
• Chofunika kwambiri ndikuchita kafukufuku nthawi zonse.
• Ngati zizindikiro zatsopano zikuwonekera, uzani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
• Kambiranani momasuka ndi dokotala wanu za mafunso kapena nkhawa zilizonse zomwe muli nazo. Iwo alipo kuti akuthandizeni.

Ndikukhulupirira kuti izi zakuthandizani kumvetsetsa bwino za MGUS. Kumbukirani, simuli nokha, madokotala anu ndi okondedwa anu ali nanu.

MGUS , Monoclonal Gammopathy ya Kufunika Kosatsimikizika, Mapuloteni a M, Maselo a Plasma, Mafuta a M'mafupa, Khansa ya Magazi, Matenda a Magazi, Multiple Myeloma