Kodi khansa ya chikhodzodzo yafalikira ku minofu? (Khansa ya chikhodzodzo yolowa m'minofu) Tiyeni tidziwe bwino za izi

Ndizachibadwa kukhala ndi mantha kwambiri mukaona magazi mu mkodzo wanu. Komanso, ngati mukuvutika kukodza kapena mukudwala matenda a mkodzo pafupipafupi, simuyenera kungonyalanyaza zizindikirozi. Izi zitha kukhala zizindikiro za khansa ya chikhodzodzo, makamaka mtundu wake woopsa kwambiri, khansa ya chikhodzodzo yolowa m'mitsempha. Ngakhale kuti uwu ndi matenda oopsa, musachite mantha. Lero, tikambirana za izi mwachidule, kutanthauza zizindikiro, zomwe zimayambitsa, ndi mankhwala.

Kodi Khansa ya Chikhodzodzo Yolowa M'mitsempha (MIBC) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi ndi nkhani yoopsa pang'ono, kapena yofalikira, ya khansa ya chikhodzodzo.

Chikhodzodzo chathu ndi chiwalo chonga thumba chopangidwa ndi makoma angapo. Khansa ya chikhodzodzo nthawi zambiri imayamba mkati mwa khoma ili. Anthu pafupifupi 70 mwa 100 omwe ali ndi khansa ya chikhodzodzo ali ndi khansa yobisika iyi. Siinapite patsogolo kwambiri.

Komabe, mu khansa ya chikhodzodzo yolowa m'mitsempha (MIBC) , maselo a khansa amalowa mkati mwa chikhodzodzo ndikulowa mu minofu yokhuthala . Nthawi zina, amatha kufalikira kupitirira gawo limenelo. Pafupifupi anthu 30 mwa 100 omwe ali ndi khansa ya chikhodzodzo amakhala ndi vutoli.

N’chifukwa chiyani khansa yamtunduwu imayamba? Kodi zinthu zoopsa zake ndi ziti?

Monga khansa iliyonse, imayamba ndi kusintha ('masinthidwe') mu chidziwitso cha majini, kapena DNA, m'maselo a thupi lathu. Maselo osazolowereka awa amagawikana mosalamulirika ndikupanga 'zotupa'. Mu MIBC, zotupa izi zimafalikira mozama mu khoma la chikhodzodzo.

Anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza khansa imeneyi. Tiyeni tiwone zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khansa imeneyi.

Kodi zizindikiro za matendawa ndi ziti?

Chizindikiro chachikulu komanso choyamba cha khansa ya chikhodzodzo ndi magazi mu mkodzo . Nthawi zina mkodzo umawoneka wofiira, nthawi zina umawoneka pinki. Komanso, pakhoza kukhala zinthu monga kutentha ndi kupweteka mu mkodzo popanda matenda aliwonse.

Pamene khansa ikupita patsogolo, ndiko kuti, ikafika pa siteji ya MIBC, zizindikiro zina zingawonekere.

• Kusatha kukodza konse.
• Ululu m'mimba pansi kapena mbali imodzi ya msana.
• Kutaya chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kuchepetsa thupi popanda chifukwa.
• Kutupa kwa miyendo.
• Kupweteka m'mafupa.

Kodi mungazindikire bwanji matendawa?

Kuti mupeze matenda a MIBC, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa ngati maselo a khansa alipo komanso momwe alowera mkati mwa chikhodzodzo.

1. Kuyesa mkodzo: Gawo loyamba ndi kuyesa mkodzo kosavuta. Izi zimafufuza magazi kapena maselo a khansa mu mkodzo.

2. Kujambula ndi kusanthula:Kenako, dokotala amaika chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera kudzera mu urethra kuti aone mkati mwa chikhodzodzo. Izi zimatchedwa cystoscopy. Kujambula kwapadera monga `CT urogram` kapena `retrograde pyelogram` kungathenso kuchitidwa.

3. Biopsy: Ngati chotupa chapezeka mkati mwa chikhodzodzo, wodwalayo amapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu ndipo chidutswa chaching'ono cha chotupacho chimatengedwa ndikutumizidwa ku labotale kuti akachiyese. Izi zimatchedwa biopsy. Nthawi zina, chotupa chonsecho chimatha kuchotsedwa ndi opaleshoni iyi (TURBT - Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumor). Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira komanso kuchiza.

4. Kujambula kuti aone ngati khansa yafalikira: Matendawa akatsimikizika, mitundu ina ingapo ya kujambulidwa imachitidwa kuti aone ngati khansa yafalikira kupitirira chikhodzodzo, mpaka ku ma lymph nodes, chiwindi, mapapo, kapena mafupa.

• Kujambula kwa CT
• Kujambula kwa MRI
• Kujambula kwa PET
• Kujambula mafupa
• X-ray pachifuwa

Kodi 'Giredi' ndi 'Gawo' la khansa ndi chiyani?

Ndikofunikira kudziwa tanthauzo lenileni la mawu awiriwa.

• Giredi: Izi zikutanthauza momwe maselo a khansa amaonekera osazolowereka kapena aukali pansi pa maikulosikopu. `Giredi Yotsika` zikutanthauza kuti maselo sali aukali kwambiri ndipo amafalikira pang'onopang'ono. `Giredi Yapamwamba` zikutanthauza kuti maselowo ndi aukali kwambiri ndipo amafalikira mofulumira. MIBC nthawi zambiri ndi khansa ya `giredi yapamwamba`.

• Gawo: Izi zikutanthauza momwe khansa yafalikira m'thupi. Izi zimatsimikiziridwa ndi kukula kwa chotupa (T), ngati chafalikira ku ma lymph nodes (N), komanso ngati chafalikira ku ziwalo zina (M).

Kuti muchiritse khansa moyenera, ndikofunikira kudziwa gawo lake lenileni.

Kodi mankhwala ake ndi otani?

Popeza MIBC ndi matenda oopsa, chithandizo chingakhale chovuta kwambiri. Chithandizo chachikulu ndi opaleshoni.

Opaleshoni

• Kuchotsa chikhodzodzo: Iyi ndi opaleshoni yochotsa chikhodzodzo chonse. Imachotsanso ma lymph nodes ndi ziwalo zapafupi zomwe khansa ingakhale itafalikira. Prostate gland mwa amuna ndi chiberekero ndi mazira mwa akazi zingafunikenso kuchotsedwa.

• Njira yatsopano yokodza:Chikhodzodzo chikachotsedwa, njira yatsopano iyenera kupangidwa yochotsera mkodzo mu impso.
• Urostomy: Iyi ndi njira yodziwika kwambiri. Pamimba pamakhala kabowo kakang'ono (stoma) ndipo thumba limalumikizidwa kuti mkodzo utengedwe.
• Chosungira: Chigawo cha m'mimba chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga thumba mkati mwa thupi kuti litenge mkodzo. Chubu (catheter) chimalowetsedwa kudzera m'bowo laling'ono m'mimba kuti chitulutse m'thumbalo.
• Chikhodzodzo chatsopano: Chikhodzodzo chatsopano chimapangidwa kuchokera ku gawo la matumbo ndikulumikizidwa ku urethra. Munjira iyi, mkodzo umatulutsidwanso kudzera mu chubu.

Chithandizo cha Kusunga Chikhodzodzo

Kwa odwala ena, omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni kapena omwe sakufuna kuchotsedwa chikhodzodzo chawo, pali njira zina zochiritsira. `TURBT` ndi njira yomwe chotupacho chimachotsedwa ndipo chemotherapy ndi radiation zimaperekedwa nthawi imodzi.

Mankhwala ena

• Chemotherapy: Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuti achepetse chotupacho musanachite opaleshoni kapena kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Chithandizo cha Immunotherapy: Kupereka mankhwala amakono omwe amalimbikitsa chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chiwononge maselo a khansa.
• Chithandizo Cholunjika: Kupereka mankhwala omwe amakhudza mapuloteni enaake ofunikira pakukula kwa maselo a khansa ndikuwaletsa.

Dokotala wanu adzasankha chithandizo chomwe chikugwirizana ndi vuto lanu. Muthanso kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za mayeso azachipatala a mankhwala atsopano.