Kodi impso zanu zimatulutsa mapuloteni ambiri? Tiyeni tikambirane za Nephrotic Syndrome!

Kodi miyendo, manja, kapena nkhope yanu yayamba kutupa mwadzidzidzi? Kapena kodi mkodzo wanu uli ngati thupi la mwana? Kodi umaoneka ngati thovu mukamakodza ? Izi zitha kukhala vuto laling'ono ndi impso zanu, lomwe lingakhale chifukwa cha matenda. Lero tikambirana za matenda ena a impso, 'Nephrotic Syndrome'. Musadandaule, tikambirana izi mwachidule, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi Nephrotic Syndrome ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi vuto lomwe impso zathu zimatulutsa mapuloteni ambiri mumkodzo. Madokotala amatcha izi "proteinuria". Kunena zoona, ngati magalamu oposa atatu a mapuloteni (olemera pang'ono kuposa ndalama ya US) atulutsidwa mumkodzo patsiku, ndicho chizindikiro chachikulu cha vutoli. Izi ndi zochulukirapo kuwirikiza ka 20 kuposa kuchuluka kwa impso zathanzi.

Tsopano taganizirani za impso zathu ngati fyuluta . Fyuluta iyi ili ndi mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi, yomwe timaitcha `(glomeruli)` . `(glomeruli)` iyi imasefa zinyalala (monga, zinyalala za nayitrogeni `(urea)`, zinyalala za minofu `(creatinine)`, ndi ma acid), komanso madzi osafunikira m'magazi. Kenako amatulutsidwa ngati mkodzo. Nthawi zambiri, mu impso yathanzi, `(glomeruli)` imasefa zinthu zomwe thupi limafunikira, monga mapuloteni, ndikuwasunga m'magazi, makamaka mapuloteni `(albumin)` . Koma `(glomeruli)` awa akawonongeka, sagwira ntchito bwino. Kenako, mapuloteni ofunika monga `(albumin)` amasonkhana mosavuta mumkodzo.

Kodi izi zikuwopseza moyo?

Inde, matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi vuto lalikulu . Ngati silinalandire chithandizo choyenera, lingayambitse mavuto ena komanso kukhudza moyo wanu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwa izi ndikupempha upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo ngati muli ndi zizindikiro.

Ndani amadwala matenda a nephrotic syndrome?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala matendawa. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga, omwe ali ndi ziwengo zinazake, komanso omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja la matenda a impso amtunduwu (omwe ali ndi matenda a impso) ali ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala matendawa.

Imeneyi si matenda ofala kwambiri.

• Chaka chilichonse imakhudza pafupifupi mwana m'modzi pa ana 50,000 . Nthawi zambiri imapezeka mwa ana azaka zapakati pa 2 ndi 5. Anyamata ali ndi mwayi wowirikiza kawiri matendawa kuposa atsikana.
• Mwa akuluakulu , izi zimachitika pafupifupi anthu atatu mwa anthu zikwi zana lililonse pachaka.

Kodi matenda a nephrotic syndrome amakhudza bwanji thupi?

Pamene mapuloteni, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri m'thupi lathu, atuluka mu mkodzo, mavuto osiyanasiyana amabuka.

• Mapuloteni ena amathandiza kuletsa magazi kuundana . Akasowa, magazi kuundana amatha kupangika.
• Mtundu wina wofunikira wa mapuloteni ndi`(Ma Immunoglobulins)` . Izi zimathandiza chitetezo chathu chamthupi kumenyana ndi matenda ndi matenda. Ngati izi sizikupezeka, titha kutenga matenda mosavuta. Mwachitsanzo:
• `(Chibayo)` (Chibayo)
• Cellulitis (matenda a bakiteriya pakhungu)
• Peritonitis (matenda a m'mimba)

Kodi zizindikiro za matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi ziti?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kulabadira zizindikiro izi:

• Kukhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri `(albumin)` mu mkodzo (`(albuminuria)`) : Mapuloteni opitilira 3.5 g a `(albumin)` amatulutsidwa patsiku.
• Kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi cholesterol m'magazi (hyperlipidemia) .
• Kutupa (`(edema)`) : Nthawi zambiri, miyendo, akakolo, ndi mapazi zimatupa. Nthawi zina manja ndi nkhope zimathanso kutupa. Tangoganizirani, ngati mwana wanu adzuka m'mawa ndipo malo ozungulira maso ake akuwoneka otupa, chimenecho chingakhale chizindikiro cha izi.
• Kuchepa kwa mapuloteni a albumin m'magazi (hypoalbuminemia) .
• Chakudya chilibe kukoma .
• Kumva kutopa nthawi zonse .
• Kupweteka m'mimba (kuyambira nthiti mpaka pansi pa mimba).
• Mkodzo wochita thovu , ngati madzi a sopo.

Chinanso n’chakuti thupi lathu limataya mchere ndi mavitamini ofunikira, makamaka calcium ndi vitamini D , mwanjira imeneyi. Mwa ana aang'ono, izi zingakhudze kukula. Kutaya tsitsi, misomali yofooka, ndi matenda ofooketsa mafupa monga ``(Osteoporosis)`` (matenda owonda mafupa) amathanso kuchitika.

Kodi mavuto ofala kwambiri a matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi ati?

Ngati sichinachiritsidwe, mavuto monga:

• `(Kuvulala kwa impso)` - Matenda omwe impso zimasiya kugwira ntchito bwino mwadzidzidzi.
• Kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi - Kusowa kwa maselo a magazi abwino omwe amanyamula mpweya kupita ku ziwalo za thupi.
• Matenda a mitsempha ya mtima - Mafuta amaikidwa m'mitsempha yomwe imapereka magazi kumtima.
• Kuthamanga kwa magazi - Kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumakhala kokwera kuposa kwachizolowezi pamene kukuyenda m'mitsempha yamagazi.
• Hypothyroidism - Chithokomiro sichitulutsa mahomoni okwanira a chithokomiro m'magazi.

Kodi zimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi ziti?

Kawirikawiri, `(glomeruli)` izi zimawonongeka chifukwa cha matenda a impso. Madokotala ndi ofufuza sakudziwabe chifukwa chake matendawa amakhudza mwachindunji `(glomeruli)`. `(glomeruli)` izi zowonongeka ndiye chifukwa chachikulu cha matenda a nephrotic. Zina mwa matenda awa ndi awa:

• `(Amyloidosis)` : Mu izi, mtundu wa puloteni wotchedwa amyloid umayikidwa m'ziwalo zathu zofunika kwambiri. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mu impso. Kenako mphamvu yosefera ya impso imachepa.
• `(Matenda a shuga okhudzana ndi matenda a shuga)`Matenda a Nephropathy: Izi zimachitika impso sizikugwira ntchito bwino. Matendawa amapezeka pamene matenda a shuga amawononga mitsempha imodzi kapena zingapo mu impso. Izi zingayambitse dzanzi, kufooka kwa minofu, komanso kupweteka.
• Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) : Izi zimayambitsa zipsera m'magawo ang'onoang'ono a glomeruli. Izi zingayambitse kutupa, kulephera kwa impso, komanso mapuloteni mu mkodzo.
• Lupus : Lupus ndi matenda omwe amayambitsa chitetezo chamthupi. Amayambitsa kutupa, kutupa, komanso kupweteka thupi lonse. Amathanso kukhudza impso.
• Matenda a Membranous nephropathy : Mu izi, chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chimaukira nembanemba zosefera mu impso.
• Matenda Osasintha Kwambiri (MCD) : Uwu ndi mtundu wa nephropathy womwe impso sizigwira ntchito bwino. Komabe, biopsy ya impso sikuwonetsa kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa glomeruli kapena minofu ya impso. Ngakhale kuti izi zitha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse, zimachitika kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono.

Kodi matenda a nephrotic syndrome amawapeza bwanji?

Madokotala amachita mayeso angapo kuti adziwe matendawa:

Mayeso a mkodzo

Izi zimazindikirika poyesa mkodzo, komwe kumayang'ana mawonekedwe, kapangidwe ka mankhwala, ndi mawonekedwe a mkodzo wanu osawoneka bwino.

• Kuyesa kwa Dipstick : Mu mayeso awa, mumakodza m'chidebe chapadera ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena kuchipatala. Kenako dokotala kapena namwino amaika chidutswa cha pepala (dipstick) chopakidwa mankhwala m'chidebecho. Ngati muli albumin mu mkodzo wanu, chidutswacho chidzasintha mtundu.
• Kuyesa mapuloteni a mkodzo : Kuyesa kumeneku kumachitika ngati pakufunika kuyeza molondola.
• Chitsanzo chimodzi cha mkodzo : Izi zimatumizidwa ku labu. Adzayang'ana kuchuluka kwa `(albumin)` ndi `(creatinine)` zomwe zili mu mkodzo wanu (`(albumin-to-creatinine ratio)`). Ngati muli ndi mamiligalamu oposa 30 a `(albumin)` pa gramu iliyonse ya `(creatinine)`, zimenezo zingakhale vuto.
• Kutolera mkodzo maola 24 : Dokotala adzakupatsani botolo loti mutenge mkodzo wanu kunyumba. Pa tsiku loyesa:
• Choyamba m'mawa, mukadzuka, kodzerani m'chimbudzi monga mwachizolowezi.
• Kenako kodzerani m'botolo limenelo tsiku lonse mpaka mutagona usiku.
• Mmawa wotsatira, mukangodzuka, kodzani m'botolo lomwelo komaliza.
• Kenako muyenera kutenga chitsanzocho ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena ku labu, komwe amangoyeza kuchuluka kwa `(albumin)`.

Kuyezetsa magazi

Pankhaniyi, dokotala amagwiritsa ntchito singano yopyapyala kuti atenge magazi pang'ono kuchokera mumtsempha womwe uli m'dzanja lanu. Imatumizidwa ku labu kuti ikayesedwe. Ngati pali `(albumin)` yotsika kapena mapuloteni ena m'magazi, ikhoza kukhala nephrotic syndrome. Amawonanso milingo ya cholesterol ndi `(triglyceride)` m'magazi. `(albumin)` ikakhala yotsika, izi zimatha kuwonjezeka.

Kufufuza kwa impso

Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala amatenga kachidutswa kakang'ono ka minofu kuchokera ku impso yanu ndikukayang'ana pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu. Malowa amakhala opanda mphamvu musanachite opaleshoniyi, kotero simungamve kupweteka kulikonse. Mungapatsidwenso mankhwala ogona pang'ono kuti akuthandizeni kupumula. Kenako dokotalayo amaika singano pakhungu lanu mu impso yanu kuti atenge chitsanzo cha minofuyo.

Komabe, ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga ndipo dokotala wanu akukayikira kuti matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi otani, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuyesedwa impso. Mbiri yanu yachipatala, mayeso a mkodzo, ndi mayeso a magazi zingathandize kuzindikira matenda a nephrotic syndrome omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a shuga.

Kodi matenda a nephrotic syndrome angachiritsidwe?

Iyi si matenda ochiritsika kwathunthu . Koma pali nkhani yabwino! Ngati ichitika mwa ana aang'ono, nthawi zambiri imatha akamakula , pafupifupi zaka 18-20.

Chithandizo chingachepetse zizindikiro ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwina kwa impso.

Chithandizo chimaphatikizapo kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa vutoli, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi, cholesterol, kutupa, komanso chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana. Nthawi zambiri, chimaphatikizapo mankhwala ndi kusintha zakudya .

• Mankhwala ena othamanga magazi angathandize kuchepetsa matenda a impso omwe amayambitsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome. Mwachitsanzo:
• `(Zoletsa za enzyme yotembenuza angiotensin (ACE)`
• `(Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs))`
• Mankhwalawa amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi mkati mwa glomeruli ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa albumin komwe kumatuluka mumkodzo. Anthu ambiri angafunike mankhwala awiri kapena atatu kuti achepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi awo.
• Pamodzi ndi ACE inhibitor kapena ARB, dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya madzi m'thupi . Mankhwala ochepetsa mphamvu ya madzi m'thupi amathandiza impso zanu kuchotsa madzi ochulukirapo m'magazi anu. Angathandizenso kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi kutupa. Mankhwala ena omwe amachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi monga beta-blockers ndi calcium channel blockers .
• Dokotala angapereke mankhwala a "statin" kuti achepetse cholesterol.
• Ngati muli ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome, ndi bwinonso kulandira katemera wa chimfine (flu) ndi katemera wa pneumococcal chaka chilichonse. Katemera wa pneumococcal amatha kuteteza ku matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha mabakiteriya otchedwa pneumococcus (monga matenda a m'makutu, chibayo, meningitis).
• Nthawi zina dokotala wanu angakulembereni mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (anticoagulants), koma awa amaperekedwa pokhapokha ngati magazi anu ayamba kuundana. Saletsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome kapena zizindikiro zake.

Kodi muyenera kusamala ndi chakudya ndi zakumwa?

Zakudya ndi zakumwa sizikhudza kwambiri kukula kapena kupewa matenda a nephrotic syndrome mwa akuluakulu. Koma ngati muli ndi vutoli,Zizindikiro zina zimatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kusintha zakudya.

• Kuchepetsa mchere (sodium) muzakudya zanu kungathandize kuchepetsa kutupa . Sodium yambiri yomwe ili muzakudya zomwe timadya imachokera ku mchere. Kumwa madzi ambiri kungathandizenso kuchepetsa kutupa.
• Kuchepetsa mafuta okhuta ndi cholesterol muzakudya zanu kungathandize kuchepetsa "hyperlipidemia" (mafuta ambiri m'magazi). Ndi bwino kuchepetsa zakudya monga mkaka wodzaza ndi mafuta, nyama yofiira, nyama yokonzedwa, tchizi, zakudya zokazinga, zophikidwa, ndi maswiti.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Njira yabwino yothetsera zizindikiro zanu ndikumwa mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera . Ndibwinonso kudya zakudya zokhala ndi potaziyamu ndi mapuloteni ambiri, koma zokhala ndi sodium yochepa, mafuta okhuta, ndi cholesterol yochepa.

Kodi ndidzamva bwino msanga bwanji nditalandira chithandizo?

Izi zimasiyana malinga ndi chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a nephrotic syndrome. Anthu ena angayambe kumva bwino patatha masiku ochepa kuchokera pamene ayamba kulandira chithandizo. Kwa ena, zingatenge milungu kapena miyezi. Ndikofunikira kukhala oleza mtima.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome?

Ngati atapezeka ndi kuchiritsidwa bwino, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino . Anthu ambiri amayankha bwino akalandira chithandizo ndipo amachira (`(remission)`). Izi zikutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zimatha. Ngati munali ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome muli mwana, monga tafotokozera kale, n'zotheka kuti amatha kwathunthu mukadzakula.

Kodi matenda a nephrotic syndrome angapewedwe?

Matenda a Nephrotic syndrome sangapewedwe , koma chithandizo choyenera cha matenda omwe amayambitsa matendawa (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi) ndi kusintha zakudya zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa impso.

Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a impso, makamaka mkodzo wokhala ndi thovu ndi kutupa, zomwe zimatha kwa masiku opitilira angapo, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo . Zikapezeka msanga, zimakhala zosavuta kuchiza.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe muyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mungathe kufunsa mafunso awa mukapita kwa dokotala:

• "Mukudziwa bwanji kuti ndili ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome?"
• "Kodi ndikufunika kuchita mayeso ena kuti nditsimikizire kuti mwapezeka ndi matendawa?"
• "Ngati ndilibe matenda a nephrotic syndrome, ndi vuto lina liti lomwe ndingakhale nalo?"
• "Ndi vuto lanji lomwe linandipangitsa kukhala ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome?"
• "Mukuganiza kuti matenda anga a nephrotic syndrome adzachepa ndi chithandizo?"
• "Kodi matenda a nephrotic a mwana wanga adzatha akamakula?"
• "Ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala ati omwe mumalimbikitsa?"
• "Kodi ndikufunika kusintha zakudya zanga?"

Kusiyana pakati pa Nephrotic Syndrome ndi Nephritic Syndrome

Zonsezi ndi matenda omwe amakhudza impso.

• Chizindikiro chachikulu cha matenda a nephrotic ndi kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni mu mkodzo.
• Chizindikiro chachikulu cha nephritis syndrome ndi kutupa kwa impso. Kutupa kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda, matenda a mitsempha yamagazi, kapena kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo.

Kusiyana pakati pa Nephrotic Syndrome ndi Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis ndi matenda a impso. Zizindikiro zake zimafanana ndi matenda a nephrotic. Komabe, kusiyana kwakukulu kuli mu kuchuluka kwa mapuloteni omwe atulutsidwa .

• Ngati muli ndi matenda a nephrotic syndrome, mumatulutsa mapuloteni opitilira 3.5 g patsiku.
• Ngati muli ndi Glomerulonephritis, mapuloteni osakwana 3.5 g amatulutsidwa patsiku.

Kodi matenda a nephrotic obadwa nawo ndi chiyani?

Imeneyi ndi matenda omwe amapezeka pobadwa . Angayambitse kulephera kwa impso kwamuyaya, nthawi zambiri pakati pa zaka ziwiri ndi zisanu ndi zitatu. Imeneyi ndi matenda obadwa nawo a impso. Izi zikutanthauza kuti amapatsirana kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Mwachidule, matenda a nephrotic syndrome ndi vuto lomwe impso zimatulutsa mapuloteni ambiri mumkodzo. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro monga kupweteka m'mimba, mkodzo wokhala ndi thovu, kutupa, kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya, komanso kutopa pafupipafupi komwe kumatenga masiku opitilira ochepa, ndibwino kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala. Kumbukirani, kuzindikira msanga ndi chithandizo kungathandize kuti impso zanu zikhale zathanzi komanso kupewa mavuto akuluakulu . Musachite mantha, ingotsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu. Ndikukufunirani kuti muchire mwachangu!

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