Kodi munthu wokalamba m'banja mwanu, mwina amayi anu, abambo anu, kapena agogo anu, akuyamba kuiwalaiwala kwambiri? Kodi mapazi awo akuoneka ngati akukoka pansi akamayenda? Kodi zikuvutanso kulamulira mkodzo wawo ? Nthawi zambiri timaganiza kuti izi ndi "zinthu zachibadwa zomwe zimachitika tikamakalamba." Koma zingakhalenso zizindikiro za matenda omwe angathe kuchiritsidwa ndikuchiritsidwa. Lero tikulankhula za vuto limodzi lotere, Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus, kapena NPH.
Kodi Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, NPH ndi pamene madzi ambiri amasonkhana mu ubongo wathu kuposa momwe amafunikira.
Tangoganizani kuti ubongo wathu ndi chingwe cha msana, zomwe zimadutsa msana wathu, zili ndi madzi owoneka bwino ngati khushoni. M'mawu azachipatala, izi zimatchedwa madzi a msana (CSF) . CSF iyi imapangidwa m'ma ventricles a ubongo wathu ndipo imazungulira mkati mwake, kudyetsa ubongo ndi chingwe cha msana, kuchotsa zinyalala, ndikuteteza ubongo kuti usagunde chigaza. Nthawi zambiri, CSF yochulukirapo imabwereranso m'thupi kudzera m'mitsempha yomwe ili pamwamba pa ubongo.
Komabe, ngati pali cholepheretsa chilichonse m'thupi chomwe chimachotsa madzi a CSF awa, madziwa amayamba kusonkhana mkati mwa mabowo a ubongo. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha Hydrocephalus ( kudzaza madzi mu ubongo ). NPH ndi mtundu wapadera wa matenda a Hydrocephalus. Nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu azaka zopitilira 60.
Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya hydrocephalus, NPH imakula pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Madzi a CSF amaunjikana pakapita nthawi. Zotsatira zake, mabowo muubongo amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndikukankhira mbali zina zaubongo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuthamanga kwa ubongo sikukwera mwadzidzidzi, ndichifukwa chake kumatchedwa "Normal Pressure." Koma dzina limenelo ndi losokeretsa pang'ono, chifukwa zizindikiro zimachitika pokhapokha mabowo atakula ndikukankhira ubongo.
Chofunika kwambiri n'chakuti zizindikiro za NPH zimafanana kwambiri ndi za matenda a Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson's . Chifukwa chake, odwala NPH nthawi zambiri amadziwitsidwa molakwika kuti ali ndi matenda ena awiri. Komabe, mosiyana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson's, ngati atapezeka molondola, NPH imatha kuchiritsidwa kwambiri ndi opaleshoni.
Zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu za matenda a NPH
Pali zizindikiro zitatu zazikulu za NPH. Izi sizingawonekere poyamba, koma pang'onopang'ono zimawonjezeka pakapita nthawi. Ngati zizindikiro zonse zitatuzi zilipo, NPH iyenera kukayikiridwa.
| Gulu la zizindikiro | Zizindikiro zomwe zimawoneka kawirikawiri |
|---|---|
| 1. Mavuto Oyenda |
|
| 2. Kuchepa kwa Maganizo / Matenda a Dementia |
|
| 3. Kusadziletsa kwa Mkodzo |
|
Kodi zifukwa za NPH ndi ziti?
Ndipotu, mwa odwala ambiri a NPH, palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke. Komabe, nthawi zina, zinthu zotsatirazi zingayambitse vutoli:
- Kuvulala mutu
- Kutuluka magazi mozungulira ubongo chifukwa cha kumenyedwa mutu
- Stroke
- Matenda monga meningitis
- Chotupa cha muubongo
- Opaleshoni ya ubongo
Palibe kumvetsetsa bwino momwe zinthuzi zimayambitsira NPH.
Kodi NPH imapezedwa bwanji molondola?
Tsopano mwina mukuganiza kuti, "Chabwino, izi ndi zizindikiro, tsopano ndingazizindikire bwanji izi?" Izi ndi zovuta pang'ono. Popeza zizindikirozi zimafanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi Parkinson, ndikofunikira kuwonana ndi dokotala wa mitsempha kapena dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha .
Njira yodziwira matenda nthawi zambiri imakhala motere:
1. Kulankhula ndi dokotala: Dokotala adzakufunsani zonse kuyambira zizindikiro zanu, nthawi yomwe zinayamba, mbiri ya matenda a m'banja lanu, ndi mankhwala omwe mumamwa.
2. Kuyezetsa thupi: Mkhalidwe wanu wamaganizo (kufunsa mafunso ndi kukupemphani kuti mutsatire malangizo osavuta), kuyenda, ndi kukhazikika bwino zidzawunikidwa.
3. Mayeso apadera:
- Kujambula kwa CT kapena MRI: Kujambula kumeneku kumatha kupanga zithunzi za 3D za ubongo. Kungathandize kudziwa ngati ma ventricles mu ubongo akukula mu NPH. Komabe, kujambulidwa kokha sikungatsimikizire NPH.
- Kuboola Msana/Kuboola Msana: Iyi ndi imodzi mwa njira zofunika kwambiri pozindikira matenda. Nthawi zina timaitcha kuti 'kuboola msana'. Musadandaule, dokotala angachite izi. Singano yaying'ono imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa madzi ena a CSF omwe amazungulira msana kuchokera pansi pa msana.
Kuboola kwa lumbar kumeneku kungagwiritsidwe ntchito poyesa zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba ndi kuyeza kuthamanga kwa madziwo. Chinthu china chofunikira ndikuwona ngati, mutachotsa pafupifupi mamililita 30-50 a madzi mwanjira iyi, kuyenda ndi kukumbukira kwa wodwalayo zidzasintha kwakanthawi m'maola angapo otsatira. Ngati kusintha kwakukulu kotereku kukuwoneka, ndi chizindikiro chabwino kuti kuchira kwakukulu kungatheke ndi opaleshoni.
Kodi mankhwala a NPH ndi otani?
Chithandizo chothandiza kwambiri cha NPH ndi opaleshoni. Palibe mankhwala kapena chithandizo china chilichonse chomwe chingachiritse vutoli.
Opaleshoni yaikulu ndi kuyika shunt.
Tangoganizirani chubu chaching'ono chomwe chikuyikidwa kuti chitulutse madzi ochulukirapo a CSF muubongo wathu ndikutumiza ku gawo lina la thupi. Izi zimatchedwa shunt. Ichi ndi chubu choonda kwambiri. Dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mitsempha amalowetsa chubu ichi mu dzenje muubongo ndikuchitsogolera pansi pa khungu kumalo otchedwa peritoneum. Pali valavu mu chubu ichi yomwe imalamulira kuthamanga kwa magazi. Pamene kuthamanga kwa magazi muubongo kukukwera, valavu iyi imatseguka ndipo madzi ochulukirapo amalowa mu dzenje la peritoneal. Pamenepo, madziwo amayamwa popanda kuvulaza thupi.
Opaleshoni ya shunt iyi si yopambana mofanana kwa aliyense. Komabe, kwa anthu ambiri, zizindikiro zimachepa kwambiri pambuyo pa opaleshoniyi ndipo moyo wawo umakula bwino kwambiri. Matendawa akapezeka msanga ndipo opaleshoniyo ikachitika, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Nthawi zina, m'malo mwa shunt, opaleshoni ina yotchedwa Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy imachitika, momwe endoscope (chubu chopyapyala chokhala ndi kamera) imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga dzenje laling'ono pansi pa ubongo kuti apange njira ina yoti madzi a CSF ayende.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Ngati munthu wokalamba akukumana ndi zizindikiro monga kuvutika kuyenda, kuiwala zinthu, komanso kusadziletsa mkodzo , musaganize kuti ndi gawo la "kukalamba".
- Ngakhale zizindikirozi zikufanana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's kapena Parkinson's, n'zotheka kuti uwu ndi matenda ochiritsika otchedwa NPH.
- Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi zizindikiro izi, pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga, makamaka katswiri wa mitsempha . Kuzindikira matendawa msanga n'kofunika kwambiri.
- Opaleshoni ya shunt ndiyo njira yaikulu yothandizira NPH, ndipo ingathandize kwambiri kuti odwala ambiri akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
- Thandizo ndi kumvetsetsa ndizofunikira kwa wodwala komanso wosamalira panthawiyi.
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