Tiyeni tiphunzire za zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala a opioid zomwe zimachitika mukasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid!

Mwina munamvapo, kapena munakumanapo nokha, kuti kusiya mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu kapena mankhwala ena mwadzidzidzi kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Mungamve chizungulire, mutu wopepuka, komanso chizungulire. Ndicho chimene chimachitika mukasiya kumwa mankhwala ochepetsa ululu. Lero, tikambirana izi mwatsatanetsatane.

Kodi ma opioid awa ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani ndi ovuta kuwasiya?

Mwachidule, ma opioid ndi gulu la mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri ochepetsa ululu . Ena amapezeka mwachilengedwe mu chomera cha poppy (Opiates), monga morphine. Ena amapangidwa m'ma laboratories (Opioids), monga oxycodone kapena hydrocodone. Heroin, yomwe anthu ena amagwiritsa ntchito ngati mankhwala, ilinso m'gululi.

Izi zimathandizadi kuchepetsa ululu. Komabe, zimakhalanso zovuta kwambiri. Nthawi zina, pambuyo pa ngozi kapena opaleshoni yayikulu, ngakhale dokotala atakupatsani mankhwala awa kwa kanthawi kochepa, thupi lanu limatha kuwazolowera. Mukazolowera, mumayamba kukhala ndi mavuto mukasiya kuwagwiritsa ntchito. Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.

Vuto losiya kumwa mankhwalawa limakhudza anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa tsiku lililonse kwa milungu yoposa iwiri, makamaka kwa masiku opitilira 90 (miyezi itatu), osati masiku ochepa okha.

Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti zizindikiro za kusiya kumwa mankhwala sizikuika moyo pachiswe. Komabe, zimatha kukhala zosasangalatsa kwambiri, monga kukhala ndi chimfine choopsa. Kuopa kusasangalala kumeneku ndiko komwe kumalepheretsa anthu ena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Ngati muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid, kupeza chithandizo cha zizindikiro za kusiya kumwa mankhwala ndi sitepe yoyamba kuti muchiritse.

Kodi zizindikiro za kusiya opioid ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro izi sizili zofanana kwa aliyense. Zimasiyana malinga ndi zinthu monga mtundu wa opioid yomwe mudagwiritsa ntchito komanso nthawi yomwe mwakhala mukugwiritsa ntchito. Zizindikiro zoyambirira zimatha kumveka ngati chimfine chachikulu . Yang'anani ngati muli ndi zizindikiro izi:

• Kupweteka kwa thupi: Kumamva ngati minofu m'thupi ikung'ambika.
• Nkhawa ndi kusakhazikika: Kumva kusakhazikika kwambiri, ngati kuti simungathe kukhala pamalo amodzi.
• Kuzizira ndi malungo: Kuzizira mwadzidzidzi, kunjenjemera, ndi kutentha thupi.
• Kutsegula m'mimba: ndowe zotayirira.
• Ana otambasuka .
• Kuthamanga kwa mtima ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kumawonjezeka.
• Kutuluka thukuta kwambiri.
• Kusowa tulo: Kaya muyese bwanji, simungathe kugona.
• Chilakolako cha opioid kapena chilakolako.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Misozi yochokera m'maso kapena kulira pafupipafupi.

Chizindikiro chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa izi chingawonekere nthawi imodzi.

Kodi mavuto amenewa adzatha liti?

Zimatengeranso mtundu wa opioid yomwe mudamwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukumwa opioid yogwira ntchito mwachangu monga heroin kapena oxycodone, zizindikirozi zitha kukhalapo kwa masiku pafupifupi anayi mpaka asanu. Komabe, ngati mukumwa opioid yogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali monga methadone, zizindikirozi zitha kukhalapo kwa sabata imodzi kapena kuposerapo.

Chifukwa chiyani izi zikuchitika? Kodi chifukwa chake ndi chiyani?

Taganizirani izi, tikamagwiritsa ntchito ma opioid awa kwa nthawi yayitali, kusintha kwina kumachitika muubongo wathu . Mankhwalawa samangochepetsa ululu, komanso amasintha momwe timamvera. Chifukwa chake, thupi lathu limazolowera momwe mankhwalawa amamvekera. Tikasiya kumwa mwadzidzidzi, zizindikiro zosiya izi zimawonekera chifukwa cha kusintha kwa ubongo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ubongo umachita ngati sungathe kukhala popanda mankhwalawa.

Kodi chinthu choipa kwambiri chomwe chingachitike ndi chiyani pamenepa?

Vuto lalikulu kwambiri la izi ndi kumwa mopitirira muyeso mwangozi mutasiya kugwiritsa ntchito opioid kenako nkuyambanso. Nthawi zina, zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwalawa zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri kotero kuti anthu sangathe kupirira ululu ndipo amayamba kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwalawa. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kumwa mopitirira muyeso, chifukwa thupi silingathe kupirira kuchuluka komweko kwa opioid monga kale.

Kodi dokotala angadziwe bwanji kuti ichi ndi Opioid Withdrawal?

Dokotala adzakuyezani. Angakuyezeni magazi kuti aone ngati muli ndi mankhwala. Adzakufunsaninso mafunso awa:

• Kodi mudapezekapo kale ndi Opioid Use Disorder?
• Munkagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wanji wa opioid?
• Kodi munasiya liti kumwa mankhwalawa?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe mukukumana nazo panopa?
• Kodi zizindikiro zimenezo zinayamba liti?
• Kodi mudayamba mwakumanapo ndi vuto lotaya ndalama ngati limeneli?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyankha mafunso awa moona mtima.

Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi ati? Kodi ndingapeze mpumulo?

Inde, pali mankhwala ochizira izi. Madokotala adzakulemberani mankhwala a zizindikiro zinazake zomwe muli nazo. Mwachitsanzo, pa zinthu monga kutsegula m'mimba, kupweteka kwa minofu, ndi zina zotero.

Adzakulankhulaninso za kugwiritsa ntchito opioid yanu ndikukupatsani upangiri wa momwe mungadzichotsere ndikupewa zizindikiro zosiya kumwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukumwa opioid yomwe dokotala wanu adakupatsani chifukwa cha ululu mutachita opaleshoni, dokotala wanu adzakuthandizani kuchepetsa pang'onopang'ono mankhwalawo m'malo mosiya nthawi imodzi.

Ngati muli ndi, kapena mukuganiza kuti mwina muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito opioid, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kuti:Kodi mukufuna thandizo la upangiri monga Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?

Nazi mankhwala ena omwe angathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala:

• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la opioid: Buprenorphine (Subutex®). Nthawi zambiri imaperekedwa ngati piritsi, koma ingaperekedwenso ngati jakisoni. Nthawi zina buprenorphine ndi naloxone yoletsa opioid imaphatikizidwa (Suboxone® kapena Zubsolv®). Methadone (Dolophine® kapena Methadose®) imaperekedwanso.
• Pa kupweteka m'mimba ndi kutsegula m'mimba: Clonidine (Catapres®). Izi zimathandizanso ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumawonjezeka panthawi yosiya kumwa. Dokotala wanu angakulembereninso mankhwala otsegula m'mimba omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pa intaneti.
• Kwa anthu osowa tulo: Trazodone (Desyrel®), Doxepin (Silenor®) kapena Mirtazapine (Remeron®).
• Kwa nseru ndi kusanza: Ondansetron (Zofran ODT®), Prochlorperazine (Compazine®) kapena Metoclopramide (Reglan®).
• Pa kupweteka kwa minofu: Baclofen (Baclofen - Ozobax®).
• Pa ululu wa thupi: Mankhwala oletsa kutupa omwe si a steroidal (NSAIDs) ndi paracetamol (Acetaminophen).

Kodi mungayembekezere chiyani?

Kawirikawiri, muyenera kumwa mankhwala kuti muchepetse chilakolako chanu cha mankhwala a opioid. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani nthawi yomwe muyenera kumwa mankhwalawa. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa mankhwalawo monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, mu mlingo woyenera, komanso panthawi yoyenera.

Kodi kuchotsedwa kwa opioid kumeneku sikungatheke kupewedwa?

Mwina sizingatheke kuletsa zonsezi. Komabe, mutha kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe kuyambika kwa zizindikiro zoopsa. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid pazifukwa zilizonse ndipo mukuda nkhawa ndi kusiya kumwa, onetsetsani kuti mwapeza thandizo kwa dokotala wanu. Angakupatseni mankhwala oti akuthandizeni kuwongolera zizindikiro zanu. Komanso, kupeza thandizo ndi zizindikirozi kungakuthandizeni kupewa matenda a opioid, kapena kukuthandizani kuti muyambe kuchira.

Kodi mungadzithandize bwanji?

Ino ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri, koma pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize:

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera, popanda kuphonya mlingo umodzi. Kuphonya mlingo kungayambitsenso zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala. Izi zingakupangitseni kufuna kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala a opioid.
• Ganizirani za uphungu:Ngati mukuyesera kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito opioid, zingatanthauze kuti munali ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito opioid, kapena kuti muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito opioid. Kulankhula ndi mlangizi wa chizolowezi kungakhale kothandiza kwambiri paulendo wanu wochira.
• Pumulani mokwanira: Ngakhale mukumwa mankhwala oletsa kusowa tulo, zizolowezi monga kupewa khofi, tiyi, ndi mowa usiku zingakuthandizeni kugona bwino.
• Imwani madzi ambiri: Ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala ochizira kutsegula m'mimba ndi kusanza, mutha kutaya madzi ambiri m'thupi lanu ndikutha madzi m'thupi. Izi zingayambitse chizungulire ndi mutu. Chifukwa chake, imwani madzi ambiri monga madzi ndi madzi.
• Yendani kapena chitani masewera olimbitsa thupi: Chitani zinthu monga kuyenda, kuthamanga, kusambira, kapena kukwera njinga. Tikamachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ubongo wathu umatulutsa mahomoni otchedwa endorphins. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa ululu, kupsinjika maganizo, ndi chisoni. Kutulutsidwa kwa ma endorphins ambiri kungathandize kuchepetsa ululu, kupsinjika maganizo, komanso kusintha maganizo.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati mukulandira chithandizo cha kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito opioid, ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira, kapena ngati mukufuna kugwiritsanso ntchito opioid chifukwa cha vutoli, pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi ndi mafunso otani ofunika kufunsa dokotala?

Zizindikiro izi zikayamba mwadzidzidzi zosiya kugwiritsa ntchito opioid, mungakhale ndi mafunso ambiri. Nazi mafunso ena omwe mungafunse dokotala wanu:

• Ndinamwa mankhwala monga momwe dokotala anandilembera. N’chifukwa chiyani ndili ndi zizindikiro zosiya kumwa mankhwala?
• Kodi ndiyenera kumwa mankhwala kuti ndichiritse zizindikirozi?
• Kodi kukumana ndi zizindikiro izi zosiya kumwa mankhwala kumatanthauza kuti ndili ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito opioid?
• Ndili ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid. Kodi ndingapewe bwanji kugwiritsanso ntchito mankhwala a opioid?

Mwina munamwa mankhwala a opioid kuti muchepetse ululu ndipo tsopano mukuvutika kuchepetsa ululu. Kapena mwina muli ndi vuto la kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid ndipo mukufuna thandizo. Mukudziwa momwe zizindikirozi zimavutira. Kupeza chithandizo cha izi kungakuthandizeni kuchepetsa ululu wanu, kuchepetsa malingaliro anu, komanso kupewa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid. Kaya mumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a opioid pazifukwa ziti, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zopewera kusiya kumwa mankhwala a opioid, zomwe zingachitike mukasiya kumwa.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Chabwino, tiyeni tikukumbutseni zinthu zingapo zomwe takambirana zomwe tikuganiza kuti ndizofunikira kwa inu.

Ngakhale kuti mankhwala a opioid ndi amphamvu kwambiri ochepetsa ululu, amatha kukhala osokoneza bongo. Zizindikiro zosiya kumwa zomwe zimachitika mukasiya kumwa mwadzidzidzi zimakhala zosasangalatsa, koma sizikuika moyo pachiswe. Musaope kuvutika nokha.Pali mankhwala othandiza pa izi. Chinthu chabwino kuchita ndikupita kwa dokotala ndikupeza chithandizo cha sayansi. Kumbukirani, kupempha thandizo si kufooka, ndi mphamvu. Mutha kudutsa ulendowu.

opioid , opiate, kusiya, kuledzera, chithandizo, zizindikiro, mankhwala ochepetsa ululu