Chiyembekezo chatsopano mu chithandizo cha khansa: Tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za PARP Inhibitors

Tikudziwa momwe zimakhalira zovuta kukhala ndi khansa. Koma chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ya zamankhwala, njira zochizira khansa zapita patsogolo kwambiri masiku ano. M'malo mongogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena radiation monga kale, tsopano pali mankhwala enaake omwe amangolimbana ndi maselo a khansa okha. Mankhwala oletsa PARP ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe abweretsa chiyembekezo chatsopano m'dziko la mankhwala a khansa. Lero, tikambirana izi mosavuta, m'njira yomwe mungamvetse.

Mwachidule, kodi ma PARP Inhibitors awa ndi chiyani?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyeni tiganizire za maselo m'thupi lathu. Selo lililonse m'thupi lathu lili ndi chinthu chotchedwa DNA. DNA iyi ili ngati 'dongosolo lalikulu' lomwe lili ndi malangizo onse omwe selo limafunika kuti ligwire ntchito. Nthawi zina DNA iyi imatha kuwonongeka. Ikawonongeka, thupi lathu limakhala ndi njira yapadera yoikonzera.

Chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa kukonza kumeneku ndi puloteni yotchedwa PARP. PARP imayimira Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Ngakhale dzinalo likumveka lovuta, ntchito yake ndi yosavuta: Ngati DNA yasweka kapena yasweka, puloteni ya PARP imalowa ndikuikonza. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pa maselo athanzi.

Koma vuto ndi ili. Maselo a khansa amagwiritsanso ntchito puloteni iyi ya PARP kuti apindule. Maselo a khansa akamagawikana mofulumira, DNA yawo imawonongeka. Kenako selo ya khansa imagwiritsa ntchito 'bass' ya PARP iyi kuti ikonze DNA yake, ikule kwambiri, ndikuyamba kufalikira m'thupi lonse.

Izi zimatchedwanso njira zochiritsira zolunjika , chifukwa mankhwalawa amalimbana ndi kufooka kwa maselo a khansa m'malo mwa maselo abwinobwino.

Kodi mankhwala awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mitundu iti ya khansa?

Mankhwala oletsa PARP nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa yapamwamba kwambiri kapena yofalikira kwambiri. Komabe, saperekedwa pa khansa zonse. Ndi othandiza kwambiri pa khansa yokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa majini.

Kugwirizana pakati pa jini la BRCA ndi zoletsa za PARP

Pali majini oteteza m'thupi mwathu omwe amaletsa kupangika kwa zotupa za khansa. Chimodzi mwa zazikulu ndi jini ya BRCA . Ntchito imodzi ya jini iyi ya BRCA ndikukonza kuwonongeka kwa DNA. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zokonzera DNA m'maselo athu: imodzi ndi PARP, ndipo inayo ndi BRCA.

Tangoganizirani, munthu amabadwa ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA.Izi zikutanthauza kuti imodzi mwa njira zake zokonzera DNA ndi yofooka kale. Kenako selo lake la khansa limadalira kwambiri njira ya PARP kuti likonze DNA.

Ndiye chimachitika ndi chiyani tikapatsa munthu wotere PARP inhibitor? Kuwonjezera pa BRCA system yomwe yasweka kale, timayimitsanso PARP system yomwe inali kugwira ntchito bwino. Kenako selo la khansa silingathe kukonza DNA yake. Chifukwa cha 'kugunda kawiri' kumeneku, selo la khansa limawonongeka mosavuta.

Chifukwa chake, zoletsa za PARP ndi mankhwala othandiza kwambiri a khansa yokhala ndi kusintha kwa majini a BRCA.

Kodi chithandizochi chimaperekedwa bwanji ndipo chimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Ubwino umodzi wa mankhwalawa ndi wakuti safunika kuperekedwa ngati jakisoni. Mankhwala onse oletsa PARP awa amabwera ngati mapiritsi kapena makapisozi. Nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuti amwedwe kamodzi kapena kawiri patsiku.

Nthawi zina, kutengera mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo, mankhwalawa angaperekedwe ngati chithandizo chokhacho. Kapena, angaperekedwe pamodzi ndi mankhwala ena, monga chemotherapy. Mwachitsanzo, munthu akapatsidwa chemotherapy ndi maselo a khansa owonongeka, mankhwala oletsa a PARP amayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kenako, amachotsa mwayi wonse wa maselo a khansa owonongekawo kuti adzikonze okha.

Nthawi ya chithandizo imasiyanasiyana malinga ndi munthu. Kwa ena, mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kwa nthawi inayake, monga zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu pambuyo poti chemotherapy yatha. Kwa ena, amapitilira mpaka nthawi yomwe mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti khansayo ikutha. Chosankha chabwino kwambiri pa izi ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ndikuwunika ubwino wa chithandizocho poyerekeza ndi zotsatirapo zake.

Ubwino ndi zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha chithandizochi

Mankhwala oletsa PARP sangachiritse khansa kwathunthu. Komabe, phindu lawo lalikulu ndilakuti amawonjezera "kupulumuka popanda kupita patsogolo." Mwachidule, mankhwala awa amathandiza kuwongolera khansa ndikuyisunga nthawi yayitali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wodwalayo ali ndi nthawi yochulukirapo yokhala ndi moyo wathanzi popanda matendawo kukulirakulira .

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse a khansa, izi zingayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa, koma si aliyense amene amazilandira.

Kodi muyenera kuyimbira dokotala nthawi yomweyo liti?

Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala pafupi ndi dokotala wanu nthawi yonse ya chithandizochi. Ngati mukupeza zizindikiro zatsopano kapena ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira, dziwitsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Iye akhoza kusintha mlingo wanu kapena kukupatsani mankhwala ena kuti akuthandizeni ndi zotsatirapo zina monga nseru.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi, imbani dokotala mwamsanga :

• Zizindikiro za matenda: malungo, kuzizira, ndi kugwedezeka.
• Zizindikiro za matenda a m'mapapo (Pneumonitis): Kuvutika kupuma, kumva kupsinjika pachifuwa, kapena kupuma movutikira.
• Zizindikiro za magazi kuundana: kutupa mwadzidzidzi, kufiira, ndi kupweteka mwendo, kapena kupweteka pachifuwa mwadzidzidzi komanso kuvutika kupuma.

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zoopsa izi, muyenera kuyimbira foni dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo kapena kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Pangozi (ETU) ya chipatala chapafupi.