Kodi muli ndi kampata kakang'ono mumtima mwanu? Tiyeni tikambirane za (Patent Foramen Ovale - PFO)!

Kodi munamvapo kuti mtima wanu, kapena m'malo mwake, pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba za mtima, ungakhale ndi kabowo kakang'ono komwe kangakhalepo pambuyo pobadwa? Anthu ambiri amadabwa kumva izi. Koma ndi zoona. Vutoli limatchedwa `Patent Foramen Ovale` kapena `(PFO)`. Musadandaule, tidzakambirana za izi mosavuta, mwanjira yomwe mungamvetse.

Kodi PFO ndi chiyani? Tiyeni timvetse mosavuta

Mwachidule, patent foramen ovale (PFO) ndi kabowo kakang'ono, kofanana ndi chivindikiro pakati pa zipinda ziwiri zapamwamba za mtima wanu, atrium yakumanja ndi atrium yakumanzere. Tsopano tangoganizani kuti tonse tikakhala m'mimba mwa amayi athu, kabowo aka, kotchedwa foramen ovale, kali pamenepo. Ndikofunikira. Koma nthawi zambiri, kamatseka titabadwa. PFO ndi pamene sikatseka titabadwa. Mawu oti "patent" amatanthauza "kutseguka."

Nthawi zambiri, anthu omwe ali ndi PFO samakhala ndi zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo safuna chithandizo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, mavuto ena, monga sitiroko, amatha kugwirizanitsidwa ndi PFO.

N’chifukwa chiyani ovale iyi ya foramen ndi yofunika? Kodi chimachitika n’chiyani mwana akadali wamng’ono?

Mwana wosabadwayo, yemwe ali m'mimba, sagwiritsa ntchito mapapo ake kuti apeze magazi ochulukirapo a okosijeni. M'malo mwake, magazi ochulukirapo a okosijeni awa amachokera kwa mayi kudzera mu placenta, kudzera mu umbilical cord. Izi ndi zomwe foramen ovale imachita, kutsogolera magazi ochulukirapo a okosijeni kuchokera mu umbilical cord kuchokera ku atrium yakumanja ya mwana kupita ku atrium yakumanzere.

Kuchokera pamenepo, magazi amenewo amapita kumanzere kwa mtima wa mwana, kupereka mpweya ku ubongo wa mwana ndi ziwalo zina zofunika. Njira yodabwitsa kwambiri, sichoncho?

Mwana akabadwa, akayamba kupuma yekha, magazi amapita ku mapapo kuti akatenge mpweya. Pamenepo nthawi zambiri ``foramen ovale'' iyi imatseka. Kenako magazi okhala ndi mpweya amapita kumanzere kwa mtima, ndipo kuchokera pamenepo amapopedwa kupita ku thupi lonse.

Ndani angadwale matenda a PFO? Kodi ndi ofala bwanji?

Ndipotu, PFO ingakhudze aliyense, mosasamala kanthu za jenda, mtundu, kapena khungu. Komabe, ndizofala kwambiri pakati pa magulu ena:

• Anthu osambira, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto la "Decompression sickness - air embolism", vuto lomwe mpweya umatsekereza mitsempha yamagazi chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
• Pakati pa anthu omwe adadwala sitiroko yomwe palibe chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chingapezeke (cryptogenic stroke).

Padziko lonse lapansi, pafupifupi munthu m'modzi mwa anayi (25%) akhoza kukhala ndi PFO. Kuphatikiza apo, zapezeka kuti pakati pa 30% ndi 40% ya anthu omwe adadwala sitiroko popanda chifukwa chomveka ali ndi PFO. Komabe, izi sizikutanthauza kuti aliyense amene ali ndi PFO adzakhala ndi sitiroko. Ndikofunikira kukumbukira zimenezo.

Kodi kukhala ndi PFO kumakhudza thupi?

Mukakhala ndi `PFO`, magazi ochepa amatuluka kuchokera ku atrium yakumanja kupita ku atrium yakumanzere kudzera m'ma flaps ang'onoang'ono amenewo. Kawirikawiri, izi sizichitika chifukwa ma flaps awa amakhala otsekedwa.

Nthawi zambiri, PFO siimayambitsa mavuto. Komabe, nthawi zina magazi amaundana amatha kuyenda kuchokera kumbali yakumanja ya mtima kupita kumbali yakumanzere ya mtima kudzera mu PFO iyi. Ngati zimenezo zitachitika, mtima ukhoza kupompa magazi amaundana kupita ku ziwalo zina za thupi. Tangoganizirani, ngati magazi amaundanawo apita ku ubongo, magazi opita ku ubongo angasokonezeke. Pamenepo ndi pamene vuto lotchedwa ischemic stroke limachitika. Komanso, magazi amaundanawa amatha kuwononga ziwalo zina monga impso ndi mtima.

Kodi pali chifukwa chenicheni chomwe chimayambitsa PFO?

Ofufuza sanadziwebe chomwe chimayambitsa PFO. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, sizikudziwika bwino ngati ndi majini, chilengedwe, kapena china chake.

Kodi zizindikiro za PFO ndi ziti? Onani ngati muli nazonso

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PFO sasonyeza zizindikiro zilizonse. Ndi zoona. Komabe, nthawi zina mungaone zinthu ngati izi:

• Stroke.
• Kuukira kwa Ischemic kwa Nthawi Yaitali (TIA) kapena kuvulala pang'ono . Izi zingayambitse vuto losuntha chiwalo, ndipo zingakhudze ziwalo zofunika kwambiri monga ubongo, matumbo ang'onoang'ono, matumbo akulu (m'mimba), kapena impso.

Kuphatikiza apo, mikhalidwe yosowa kwambiri ndi iyi:

• Kutsekeka kwa mtima.
• Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'magazi (Hypoxemia).
• Matenda a Platypnea-orthodeoxia (PO syndrome): Uwu ndi mkhalidwe womwe mpweya m'magazi umachepa ndi vuto lopuma mukakhala molunjika.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji ngati muli ndi PFO? Kodi mayesowa ndi otani?

Dokotala wanu adzakufunsani kaye za zizindikiro zanu ndikukuyesani thupi. Ngati mukukayikira kuti muli ndi PFO, angakulangizeni mayeso monga:

• Transthoracic echocardiogram : Echocardiogram (kapena echo) ndi mayeso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti apange zithunzi za zipinda za mtima. Mayesowa amachitika poika chida pamwamba pa chifuwa.
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) : Mu mayesowa, dokotala wanu amaika chubu chaching'ono chokhala ndi kamera mummero wanu. Izi zingapangitse chithunzi chomveka bwino cha PFO kuposa mawu wamba.
• Ultrasound ya Transcranial Doppler (TCD) : Ultrasound ya TCD imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a phokoso kuti ione momwe magazi amayendera muubongo wanu komanso mkati mwa ubongo wanu. Ingathandizenso kuzindikira sitiroko zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha magazi kuundana.

Pamodzi ndi mayeso amenewa, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseninso kuti muyesedwe ndi "mayeso a thovu." Izi zimaphatikizapo kubaya jakisoni wa saline mumtsempha wanu. Ngati thovuli lidutsa m'malo otseguka kupita kumanzere kwa mtima wanu popanda kusefa mapapo, amatha kudziwa ngati muli ndi "PFO."

Kodi pali chithandizo cha PFO? Kodi aliyense akuchifuna?

Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PFO safuna chithandizo. Komabe, ngati muli ndi mbiri ya sitiroko kapena magazi kuundana, kapena muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda amenewa, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizo. Njira zina zochiritsira PFO ndi izi:

• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana : Mwachitsanzo, aspirin kapena warfarin.
• Kutsegula mitsempha : Mu njira imeneyi, dokotala wa mtima wolowerera amagwiritsa ntchito chubu chachitali komanso choonda (catheter) kuti atseke valavu. Katheta iyi imadutsa kudzera mu mtsempha waukulu m'mimba kupita mumtima ndipo chipangizo chapadera (chipangizo chotseka) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kutseka valavu. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti njira iyi ya katheta ndi yothandiza kwambiri kuposa opaleshoni pochiza ma PFO mwa anthu osakwana zaka 60.
• Opaleshoni ya mtima : Dokotala wa opaleshoni amadula ...

Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wasonyeza kuti mwa anthu omwe ali ndi PFO omwe adadwala sitiroko yosamvetsetseka, kutseka PFO kungathandize kupewa sitiroko mtsogolo. Ndi bwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za njira yoyenera yothandizira.

Kodi mankhwala angayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa?

Anthu ena angakumane ndi mavuto chifukwa cha chithandizo cha PFO. Mavutowa amasiyana malinga ndi njira yochizira:

Zinthu zomwe zingachitike ndi mankhwala

Mukatenga mankhwala monga Aspirin kapena Warfarin, zotsatirazi zitha kuchitika:

• Kutuluka magazi.
• Kutuluka magazi mu ubongo (Intracranial hemorrhage).

Kodi chingachitike ndi chiyani panthawi ya chithandizo cha catheter?

Mavuto ofala kwambiri a catheterization:

• Magazi amaundana.
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha yamagazi.
• Chipangizo chotseka chamasuka.
• Matenda a mtima kapena `endocarditis`.
• `PFO` sitseka bwino.
• `Kuundana kwa magazi m'mapapo (Pulmonary embolism)`.

Mavuto osowa:

• Kutulutsa mpweya.
• Kusakhazikika kwa kugunda kwa mtima (arrhythmia).
• `Kuzizira kwa mtima (Afib)`.
• Mtima tamponade (madzimadzi ozungulira mtima).

Zinthu zomwe zingachitike ndi opaleshoni

Opaleshoni yotseka PFO ingayambitse mavuto monga:

• `Kuzizira kwa mtima (Afib)`.
• Kutuluka magazi.
• Matenda.
• Stroke.

Kodi pali njira yochepetsera chiopsezo cha kupanga PFO?

Palibe chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chokhala ndi PFO. Si chinthu chomwe tingathe kuchiletsa. Komabe, ngati muli ndi sitiroko yosamvetsetseka (cryptogenic stroke), ndikofunikira kuti muyesedwe vutoli. Kenako, ngati pakufunika, mutha kulandira chithandizo mwachangu.

Kodi thanzi la munthu amene ali ndi PFO ndi lotani? Kodi ndi chinthu chodetsa nkhawa nacho?

Nthawi zambiri, chivindikiro cha mwana yemwe ali ndi PFO chimatsekedwa kwathunthu mkati mwa zaka zitatu zoyambirira za moyo wake. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PFO amakhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi popanda mavuto akakula. Choncho musadandaule nazo mopanda chifukwa .

Ngati ndili ndi PFO, ndingasamalire bwanji thanzi langa?

Mukhoza kusunga mtima wanu wathanzi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko potsatira njira izi:

• Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mowa kapena mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi pamtima.
• Kuwongolera kuthamanga kwa magazi (kuthamanga kwa magazi) kapena kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi.
• Khalani ndi kulemera koyenera.
• Siyani kusuta fodya ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi fodya.
• Pezani chithandizo choyenera cha matenda ena omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu cha sitiroko, monga atrial fibrillation (Afib).

Komanso, kusakhala pamalo omwewo kwa nthawi yayitali kungachepetse chiopsezo cha magazi kuundana.

Kodi nthawi zabwino zokaonana ndi dokotala ndi ziti?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za sitiroko , pitani kwa dokotala nthawi yomweyo kapena imbani 911 (kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi). Zizindikiro izi zingaphatikizepo:

• Kuvuta kulankhula kapena kumvetsetsa.
• Chizungulire kapena kutayika kwa thanzi.
• Kufooka kapena kufooka pankhope, mkono, kapena mwendo.
• Kuvuta kuona m'maso amodzi kapena onse awiri.
• Mutu waukulu mwadzidzidzi.

Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) ndi kampata kakang'ono mumtima pakati pa zipinda zakumanja ndi zakumanzere za mtima. Zimakhudza munthu m'modzi mwa anayi (25%) . Nthawi zambiri, PFO siimayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo siifuna chithandizo. Komabe, nthawi zina imatha kukhala chizindikiro cha sitiroko kapena mini-stroke. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya sitiroko kapena magazi kuundana, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni chithandizo. Njira zina zochiritsira zimaphatikizapo mankhwala, catheterization, ndi opaleshoni. Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PFO akhale ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wathanzi. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa, musazengereze kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.

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