Kodi ma platelet ndi chiyani? N’chifukwa chiyani ndi ofunikira m’thupi?

Mukapeza bala laling'ono, monga pamene mukudula dzanja lanu ndi mpeni mukudula ndiwo zamasamba, ndipo kutuluka magazi kumasiya pakapita kanthawi, sichoncho? Kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kuti zimenezo zimachitika bwanji? Ndi njira yodabwitsa kwambiri. Lero tikambirana za ngwazi zazing'ono m'matupi athu zomwe zimathandiza pa izi. Anthu awa timawatcha ma platelets, kapena monga momwe amanenera mu Chingerezi, ma platelets .

Ndiye kodi ma platelet awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, ma platelet ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta maselo m'magazi mwathu. Si maselo athunthu, koma ndi ofunikira m'thupi lathu. Ali ngati pulasitala wachilengedwe m'thupi lanu. Ngati pali bala kwinakwake ndipo mtsempha wamagazi wawonongeka, ma platelet amenewa amalowa mwachangu ndikuthandizira kuletsa kutuluka kwa magazi.

Tangoganizirani, ngati mutenga dontho la magazi anu, muli ma platelet ambirimbiri. Ndiye mutha kuganiza kuti ndi ang'onoang'ono bwanji. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kukhala ndi ma platelet okwanira m'thupi lathu. Ngati ali ochepa , ngakhale bala laling'ono lingayambitse kutuluka magazi ambiri. Komanso, ngati ali ambiri , magazi amaundana m'mitsempha mosafunikira ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa. Chifukwa chake, ma platelet awa ayenera kukhala olinganizidwa kuti asiye kutuluka magazi ndikuletsa kupanga magazi oundana osafunikira.

Kodi ma platelet a m'magazi amagwira ntchito bwanji?

Iyi ndi njira yosangalatsa kwambiri. Ma platelet amagwira ntchito ngati gulu lachipatala lophunzitsidwa bwino ladzidzidzi. Mtsempha wamagazi ukangowonongeka, gululi limayamba kugwira ntchito. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha njira yonseyi kuti 'hemostasis'. Tiyeni tiwone momwe zimachitikira pang'onopang'ono.

Tangoganizirani dzenje lalikulu pamsewu. Gulu la antchito likubwera kudzakonza, sichoncho? Ndi momwe zilili.

1. Kumatirira: Choyamba, ma platelet, omwe amayandama momasuka m'magazi, amathamangira pamalo pomwe mitsempha yamagazi imasweka ndikumamatira kukhoma losweka. Monga momwe gulu lomanga limafikira koyamba pa dzenje pamsewu.

2. Kuyambitsa: Kenako, ma platelet omwe amafika pamenepo amakhala "oyambitsa." Amasintha mawonekedwe awo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti amamatire ku ma platelet ena. Amatulutsanso mankhwala. Mankhwalawa amachita zinthu ziwiri. Choyamba ndikupangitsa kuti mtsempha wamagazi wowonongeka ukhale wolimba pang'ono. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa magazi pang'ono. Chinanso ndikuwuza ma platelet ena kuti, "Pali vuto pano, bwerani mwachangu." Zili ngati gulu la ogwira ntchito akubwera ndikuyika zotchinga ndikupempha thandizo.

3. Kusonkhana: Tsopano, chifukwa cha chizindikiro chimenecho, ma platelet ambiri amabwera mofulumira ndikumamatirana mozungulira bala. Amamamatirana ndikutseka dzenje kwakanthawi. Timatcha izi kuti "pulagi ya ma platelet."

Apa ndi pomwe kugawanika kwa magazi kumayambira. Pamene ma platelet asonkhana pamodzi, mtundu wina wa mapuloteni m'magazi athu (zinthu zoundana) umalumikizana kuti apange chinthu chotchedwa fibrin . Fibrin iyi ili ngati mesh yolimba. Mesh iyi imazungulira ma platelet ndikupanga magazi olimba kwambiri komanso osatha. Tsopano kutuluka magazi kumasiya kwathunthu.

Kodi ma platelet amenewa amapangidwa kuti? Kodi ali kuti?

Ma platelet amapezeka m'malo atatu akuluakulu m'thupi lathu.

• Mafupa: Mafupa mkati mwa mafupa athu ndi fakitale komwe maselo athu amagazi amapangidwa. Pali maselo akuluakulu kwambiri otchedwa megakaryocytes . Maselo amenewo ndi omwe amapanga ma platelet, omwe ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timawonjezeredwa m'magazi. Ndicho chifukwa chake poyamba tinanena kuti ma platelet si maselo athunthu, koma zidutswa za maselo.
• Magazi: Akapangidwa, magazi amenewa amayenda m'thupi lathu lonse kudzera m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi. Ma platelet ndi gawo lopepuka kwambiri la magazi. Ndicho chifukwa chake amayenda pafupi ndi makoma a mitsempha. Mwanjira imeneyi, zimakhala zosavuta kuti akafike kumeneko mwachangu ngati pali kuvulala kwinakwake.
• Nkhumba: Nkhumba ndi chiwalo chomwe chili kumtunda kumanzere kwa mimba yanu. Chimasunga pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a ma platelet omwe amapangidwa m'thupi lathu. Chimachotsanso ma platelet akale komanso owonongeka.

Kodi magazi ayenera kukhala ndi ma platelet angati nthawi zonse?

Munthu wathanzi amakhala ndi ma platelet pakati pa 150,000 ndi 450,000 pa microliter imodzi ya magazi. Uwu ndi nthawi yachibadwa. Moyo wa platelet ndi masiku 7-10 okha. Choncho matupi athu nthawi zonse amapanga ma platelet atsopano. Zimatenga pafupifupi masiku atatu kuti platelet yatsopano ipangidwe.

Ma platelet amatchedwa ``ma platelet'' chifukwa amaoneka ngati ma plate. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito, amatambasula ulusi ngati miyendo ya kangaude ndikulumikizana ndi ma platelet ena kuti atseke bala.

Matenda akuluakulu okhudzana ndi ma platelet

Kawirikawiri, mavuto a ma platelet amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kapena kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero chawo. Tiyeni tisiyanitse matenda awiriwa padera.

Kodi zizindikiro za vuto la ma platelet ndi ziti?

Ngati pali kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi anu, mutha kukumana ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikiro zotsatirazi. Ngati mupitiliza kukhala ndi chilichonse mwa izi, ndikofunikira kwambiri kukaonana ndi dokotala.

Kodi mumayesa bwanji thanzi la ma platelet?

Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zomwe zili pamwambapa, dokotala wanu angachite mayeso ena kuti aone ngati ma platelet anu ali m'magazi.

• Kuchuluka kwa Magazi Okwanira (CBC): Iyi ndi njira yodziwika bwino yoyezera magazi. Imayesa kuchuluka kwa maselo ofiira, maselo oyera, ndi ma platelet m'magazi anu. Imatha kudziwa ngati ma platelet anu ndi otsika, okwera, kapena abwinobwino.
• Kupaka Magazi Pambali (PBS): Apa, dontho la magazi anu limatengedwa ndikuyang'aniridwa ndi maikulosikopu. Izi zimatha kuzindikira ngati mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa ma platelet sikwachilendo.
• Kuyezetsa magazi kuti atseke: Palinso mayeso omwe amafufuza nthawi yomwe magazi anu amatenga kuti atseke.
• Kufufuza Mafupa: Nthawi zina, kungakhale kofunikira kufufuza mafuta a m'mafupa, fakitale yomwe ma platelet amapangira. Izi zimaphatikizapo kupereka mankhwala ochepetsa ululu komanso kutenga chitsanzo cha mafuta a m'mafupa kuchokera ku fupa la m'chiuno.
• Kuyesa majini: Matenda ena a platelet angayambitsidwe ndi zolakwika za majini zomwe munthu amabadwa nazo. Pazochitika zotere, mayesowa angafunike.

Kodi mankhwala a matenda a platelet ndi otani?

Chithandizo chimadalira vuto lanu (ma platelet otsika kapena okwera) ndi chifukwa chake.

• Mankhwala:Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kuli kokwera, mankhwala angaperekedwe kuti ayang'anire kupanga kwawo. Ngati kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kochepa kumachitika chifukwa cha vuto lina, monga matenda odziyimira pawokha, kuchiza vutoli kungathandizenso kuti kuchuluka kwa ma platelet kubwerere mwakale.
• Kuika magazi m'maselo: Kwa munthu amene ali ndi kuchuluka kochepa kwa ma platelet m'magazi komanso amene ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotuluka magazi, ma platelet ochokera kunja amatha kulowetsedwa m'thupi kudzera mu saline solution.
• Kuchotsa ndulu: Nthawi zina ndulu imawonongeka ndi ma platelet ambiri. Zikatero, ngati njira zina sizikuyenda bwino, madokotala angasankhe kuchotsa nduluyo mwa opaleshoni.
• Plateletpheresis: Iyi ndi njira yochizira anthu omwe ali ndi kuchuluka kwa ma platelet m'magazi. Magazi anu amalumikizidwa ndi makina apadera, omwe amachotsa ma platelet ochulukirapo, kenako amabwezera magazi otsalawo m'thupi lanu.

Kodi mumasunga bwanji ma platelet anu kukhala athanzi?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la platelet, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu mosamala. Kuphatikiza apo, kutsatira moyo wathanzi nthawi zambiri kumathandizanso kuti platelet ikhale ndi thanzi labwino.

• Chepetsani kumwa mowa.
• Pewani kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Pewani kukhudzana ndi mankhwala oopsa.
• Chepetsani chiopsezo chovulala.

Ngati mungathe, mutha kupereka ma platelet komanso magazi . Imeneyi ndi ntchito yamtengo wapatali kwambiri yachifundo. Ma platelet amenewa amathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo, monga omwe ali ndi khansa kapena omwe avulala kwambiri.