Ndizachilendo kuti mukhale ndi mantha pang'ono m'maganizo mwanu pa chinthu china pamene mukuyembekezera kukhala mayi . 'Kodi n'koyenera kudya chakudya chimenecho?', 'Kodi kumwa mankhwalawa kungakhudze mwana?', 'Kodi ndiyenera kusamala ndikapopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'nyumba mwanga?' Mwina muli ndi mafunso ngati awa m'maganizo mwanu. Mukamva nkhani kuchokera kulikonse, zimakhala zovuta kudziwa zoona ndi zabodza. Tiyeni tikambirane za izi mwatsatanetsatane lero, kuti tichotse mantha ndi kukayikira kwanu.
Nthawi zambiri, palibe choopa chilichonse kuchokera pa zomwe timamva. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe tiyenera kusamala nazo panthawi ya mimba. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili mu izi ndi momwe tingadzitetezere tokha.
Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingavulaze mwana (Teratogens)?
Mwachidule, mu zamankhwala, timatcha zinthu kapena matenda omwe angayambitse zilema zobadwa nazo mwa mwana m'mimba kuti 'teratogens'. Koma kukhudzana ndi chinthu chonga ichi sikutanthauza kuti mwanayo adzavulazidwa. Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza izi. Mwachitsanzo, nthawi yayitali bwanji, kuchuluka kwa matendawa, komanso nthawi yomwe anali ndi pakati ndizofunikira.
Mu matebulo awiri omwe ali pansipa, tiyeni tiwone mankhwala, mankhwala , ndi matenda omwe atsimikiziridwa mwasayansi kuti amayambitsa zilema zobadwa nazo mwa mwana.
| Mankhwala ndi mankhwala omwe angakhale oopsa panthawi ya mimba | |
|---|---|
| Zinthu Zofunika | Mfundo zofunika |
| Mowa | Zingawononge kwambiri kukula ndi ubongo wa mwana. |
| Mankhwala ena othamanga magazi | Mwachitsanzo: ACE inhibitors (Enalapril), Coumarin derivatives (Warfarin). |
| Mankhwala ena a khunyu | Mwachitsanzo: Carbamazepine, Valproic acid, Phenytoin. |
| Mlingo waukulu wa vitamini A ndi mankhwala ake | Mankhwala monga Isotretinoin (Accutane) a ziphuphu ndi owopsa kwambiri . |
| Maantibayotiki ena | Mwachitsanzo: Tetracycline, Streptomycin. |
| Mankhwala osokoneza bongo | Mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga cocaine. |
| Mtsogoleri, Mercury | Zitsulo zolemera zomwe zimatha kuyamwa kuchokera ku chilengedwe. |
| Matenda omwe angakhale oopsa panthawi ya mimba | |
|---|---|
| Kachilombo ka Cytomegalovirus | Kachilombo kofala komwe nthawi zambiri sikuonetsa zizindikiro. |
| Rubella | Izi zimadziwikanso kuti German measles, zitha kupewedwa ndi katemera wa MMR. |
| Chindoko | Matenda opatsirana pogonana. |
| Toxoplasmosis | Imatha kufalikira kudzera mu nyama yosaphikidwa bwino komanso ndowe za amphaka. |
| Nkhuku (Varicella) | Chiwopsezo chimakhala chachikulu ngati chikuchitika msanga pa nthawi ya mimba. |
Chenjezo lapadera lokhudza mankhwala a ziphuphu
Mwina munamvapo za mankhwala otchedwa `Thalidomide`. Anaperekedwa kwa amayi apakati zaka zambiri zapitazo ndipo anayambitsa zilema zazikulu zobereka mwa ana awo. Koma mankhwala oopsa kwambiri komanso oopsa ndi ` Isotretinoin` , mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ziphuphu zoopsa za m'mapapo. Amadziwika bwino ndi dzina loti `Accutane`.
Ngati mankhwalawa atengedwa panthawi ya mimba, pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha 30% - 35% cha zilema zazikulu zobadwa nazo mwa mwana. Izi zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu, komwe kungawononge ziwalo zazikulu za mwana, monga mtima, makutu, ndi ubongo.
Choncho, ngati muli ndi pakati kapena mukukonzekera kutenga pakati, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa pazifukwa zilizonse. Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu za izi.
Zinthu zoti muganizire pankhani ya zakudya
Tiyenera kusamala kwambiri ndi chakudya chomwe timadya panthawi ya mimba . Makamaka, kupewa zinthu zina ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti mwana akhale ndi chitetezo.
Kumbukirani izi mukamadya nsomba
Nsomba zina zazikulu za m'nyanja zimatha kukhala ndi mercury yambiri, heavy metal. Izi zingasokoneze kwambiri kukula kwa ubongo wa mwana. Chifukwa chake,
- Nsomba zomwe sizili bwino kudya: Pewani kudya nsomba zazikulu monga shaki, swordfish, ndi king mackerel.
- Mukhoza kudya pafupifupi kawiri pa sabata: Ndi bwino kudya nsomba zazing'ono monga shrimp, salmon, mackerel, herring, ndi sprat. Izi zili ndi michere monga omega -3 yomwe mwana amafunikira.
- Nsomba zophikidwa m'zitini: Tuna wopepuka ndi chisankho chabwino.
Zambiri zokhudza chitetezo cha chakudya
Komanso samalani ndi mfundo zomwe zili mu tebulo ili m'munsimu. Izi zidzakuthandizani kukutetezani inu ndi mwana wanu ku matenda a bakiteriya.
| Zoona | Zoyenera kuchita |
|---|---|
| Zakudya zosaphika | Pewani kumera kwa zipatso zosaphika, mkaka wosaphikidwa, tchizi, ndi madzi a zipatso. |
| Nyama, nsomba, mazira | Musadye chilichonse chosaphikidwa bwino kapena chosaphikidwa bwino. Idyani mazira ophikidwa bwino kapena ophikidwa bwino. |
| Nyama yokonzedwa | Musadye nyama zotsekemera monga masoseji, nyama za nyama, ndi nyama yankhumba pokhapokha ngati zatenthedwa bwino. |
| Ukhondo | Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino musanakonze chakudya komanso mukatha kuphika. Tsukani ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso bwino. Musasunge nyama yosaphika ndi chakudya chophikidwa pamodzi. |
'Malo Otuwa' komwe chiopsezo sichikudziwika bwino
Pali zinthu zina zomwe sitinganene motsimikiza kuti zingavulaze mayi wapakati kapena mwana wake. Chifukwa cha izi ndikuti sikoyenera kuchita kafukufuku wokhudza amayi apakati. Chifukwa chake, pali chidziwitso chochepa chokhudza zinthuzi.
Aspirin ndi mankhwala ochepetsa ululu
Mankhwala ochepetsa ululu monga aspirin ndi NSAIDs (monga ibuprofen) sakuvomerezeka panthawi ya mimba. Angawonjezere chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi. Ngati mukufuna kumwa mankhwala a malungo kapena mutu, funsani dokotala wanu ndipo imwani paracetamol.
Kafeini
Anthu ambiri akuda nkhawa ndi caffeine yomwe ili mu tiyi ndi khofi, koma kafukufuku akusonyeza kuti kumwa tiyi kapena khofi pang'ono , monga kapu imodzi kapena ziwiri za tiyi kapena khofi patsiku, sikubweretsa chiopsezo chachikulu.
Mankhwala apakhomo
Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu monga misomali, utoto woyera, ndi zizindikiro zokhazikika sikungayambitse vuto lililonse. Komanso, popopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo m'nyumba mwanu, ndikokwanira kukhala kutali ndi malowo ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mpweya wabwino ukuyenda bwino. Komabe, ngati mukugwira ntchito yaulimi kapena fakitale ndipo mukukumana ndi mankhwala, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za izi.
Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti, ngati muli ndi kukayikira kapena mantha pa chilichonse, musaope kufunsa dokotala wanu za icho. Zimenezi n'zofunika kwambiri kuposa kukhulupirira zimene anthu amanena.
Pezani Katemera wa Chimfine
Amayi oyembekezera ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto ochokera ku chimfine. Chifukwa chake, ndi kotetezeka kwambiri ndipo kumalimbikitsidwa kulandira katemera wa chimfine nthawi iliyonse panthawi ya mimba. Izi zimakutetezani inu ndi mwana wanu wosabadwa. Ndikofunikiranso kuonetsetsa kuti mwalandira katemera wanu wina watsopano (monga MMR ya Rubella) musanayambe kutenga pakati.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Samalani kwambiri ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala aliwonse panthawi ya mimba, makamaka mu trimester yoyamba .
- Uzani dokotala wanu za mankhwala onse omwe mukumwa (omwe mwapatsidwa ndi dokotala, omwe simunawagule, mavitamini, mankhwala a Ayurvedic, kapena mankhwala am'deralo).
- Ngati mukukonzekera kutenga mimba, ndi bwino kuonana ndi dokotala pasadakhale ndikukambirana za mankhwala anu ndi moyo wanu.
- Musasiye kumwa mankhwala aliwonse omwe dokotala wakupatsani popanda kumufunsa. Makamaka mankhwala a matenda monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi matenda amisala.
- Ngati mukukayikira za chinthu kapena chakudya, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo. Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kulumikizana ndi National Poison Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze upangiri.
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