Tiyeni tiphunzire za katemera wa Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG), womwe ndi katemera wapadera woperekedwa ngati nyama yaluma.

Tangoganizani mukuyenda mumsewu, kapena mukusewera ndi chiweto chanu kunyumba, ndipo mwadzidzidzi mwalumidwa. Kapena mphaka akukukandani. Mukudziwa mantha omwe amabwera m'maganizo mwanu panthawiyo. Tonse tikudziwa kuti zikachitika, tiyenera kuopa chiwewe. Chifukwa chake timapita kwa dokotala mwachangu momwe tingathere. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti nyama ikaluma, chinthu chokhacho chomwe amapereka ndi katemera wa chiwewe, womwe umaperekedwa kwa masiku angapo motsatizana. Komabe, nthawi zina, kuwonjezera pa katemerayo, katemera wina wofunikira kwambiri, wapadera umaperekedwa. Umenewo ndi Rabies Immune Globulin, kapena RIG mwachidule. Lero tikulankhula za katemera wapadera uyu yemwe amakutetezani nthawi yomweyo.

Kodi Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, iyi si katemera wa chiwewe. Izi ndi zinthu ziwiri zosiyana. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kwake.

Mukalandira katemera wa chiwewe, amaphunzitsa thupi lanu kupanga ma antibodies omwe angathe kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka chiwewe. Zili ngati kuphunzitsa gulu lanu lankhondo. Koma zimatenga masiku angapo kuti gulu lankhondoli liphunzitsidwe ndikukonzekera nkhondo.

Komabe, ngati kuluma kwa nyama kuli koopsa, kapena ngati kulumako kuli pamalo pomwe kachilomboka kamatha kufika msanga muubongo (monga nkhope, khosi, manja), sitikhala ndi nthawi yodikira kuti gulu lathu lankhondo liphunzire. Pamenepo ndi pomwe gulu lapadera lotchedwa Rabies Immune Globulin (RIG) limathandiza.

Ma antibodies amenewa amapezeka kuchokera ku madzi a m'magazi a anthu athanzi omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi ku matenda a chiwewe. Koma musadandaule, amayesedwa kwambiri, kuyeretsedwa, ndi kukonzedwa m'njira yotetezeka kwambiri.

Kodi katemerayu amafunika nthawi ziti?

Katemera wa RIG saperekedwa nthawi zonse nyama ikaluma. Dokotala amene amakuthandizani amasankha ngati ndikofunikira kapena ayi. Iye amaganizira zinthu zingapo.

• Kodi chinyamacho ndi chiyani?: Mtundu wa chinyama, monga galu, mphaka, mleme, kapena mbewa.
• Mtundu wa bala: kaya linali kuluma, kukanda, kapena ngati malovu a nyamayo anali pakhungu lovulala.
• Malo ovulala: Kuvulala komwe kumachitika pafupi ndi ubongo komanso m'malo omwe mitsempha imakhala yambiri (nkhope, khosi, manja, zala, malo oberekera) ndi komwe kuli pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Kuopsa kwa bala: Mabala akuya omwe apyoza khungu, ndi mabala omwe akutuluka magazi, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Mkhalidwe wa nyama:Kaya ndi chiweto chomwe chimasungidwa kunyumba ndipo chalandira katemera wa chiwewe pa nthawi yake, kapena chiweto chosochera chomwe chilibe mwini wake, ndikofunikiranso kuganizira ngati chiwetocho chingaonekere kwa masiku 10-14.

Pambuyo poganizira zonsezi, pokhapokha ngati dokotala akuona kuti chiopsezo chotenga kachilomboka chili chachikulu, ndiye kuti katemera wa RIG uyu adzaperekedwa kuwonjezera pa katemera wamba wa chiwewe.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zofunika kuzidziwitsa dokotala?

Musanapatsidwe katemera wa RIG, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani mafunso angapo. Ndikofunikira kuti chitetezo chanu chikhale chomveka bwino pankhaniyi.

• Matenda otuluka magazi: Ngati muli ndi vuto lotuluka magazi.
• Kusowa kwa IgA: Ngati muli ndi vuto la mtundu wa antibody wotchedwa IgA (kusowa kwa IgA). Imeneyi ndi vuto losowa, koma ngati mukudziwa za vutoli, onetsetsani kuti mwanena.
• Katemera wina: Ngati mwalandira katemera posachedwapa, kapena mukukonzekera kulandira katemera wina posachedwa.
• Mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana: Ngati mukumwa mankhwala ochepetsa magazi (monga Aspirin, Warfarin, Clopidogrel).
• Matenda a ziwengo: Ngati munayamba mwakhalapo ndi vuto la ziwengo chifukwa cha mtundu wa immune globulin, mankhwala ena, chakudya, kapena utoto.
• Mimba: Ngati muli ndi pakati, mukuyesera kutenga pakati, kapena mukuyamwitsa.

Kodi katemerayu amaperekedwa bwanji?

Iyi si mankhwala oti mugwiritse ntchito kunyumba. Ndi katemera amene amaperekedwa ndi katswiri wa zaumoyo kuchipatala kapena ku chipatala chokha .

Mmene katemera amaperekedwera ndi wapadera pang'ono. Dokotala amawerengera mlingo wa RIG womwe mukufuna ndipo amaikamo jakisoni wambiri momwe angathere mwachindunji m'bala lolumidwa ndi nyama komanso mozungulira balalo . Imeneyo ndiye mfundo yaikulu yomwe kachilomboka kamalowa m'thupi. Cholinga chake ndikuletsa kachilomboka. Ngati pali chotsala pambuyo pa jakisoniyo, chimayikidwa mu nyama yayikulu, monga phewa kapena ntchafu.

Pamodzi ndi katemera uyu, mudzapatsidwanso mlingo woyamba wa katemera wamba wa chiwewe, womwe udzabayidwe kwina m'thupi lanu.

Kodi zotsatirapo zake zingakhale zotani?

Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, katemera wa RIG angayambitse zotsatirapo zina mwa anthu ena. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, izi sizikhala zoopsa.

Kodi padzakhala mavuto ndi mankhwala ena?

Inde, pali chinthu chimodzi chomwe muyenera kusamala nacho: katemera wa kachilombo kamoyo .

RIG ndi antibody yokonzedwa. Choncho mukalandira katemerayu, ngati mwalandira katemera wa kachilombo kamoyo monga chikuku, mumps, rubella (MMR) kapena nkhuku, ma antibodies omwe ali mu RIG amatha kulimbana ndi kachilombo kofooka komwe kali mu katemerayo ndikukawononga. Mukatero simudzapeza chitetezo chomwe mukufuna kuchokera ku katemerayu.

Nanga bwanji ngati nditamwa mankhwala ochulukirapo?

Popeza mankhwalawa amaperekedwa kuchipatala, palibe mwayi woti munthu alandire mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa omwe alembedwa. Komabe, ngati mukukayikira ngati izi, dziwitsani nthawi yomweyo National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kapena Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) yapafupi.