Tiyeni tiphunzire zambiri za Salmonella. Chinanso chomwe chimayambitsa mavuto am'mimba!

Kodi mwakhala mukuvutika m'mimba mwadzidzidzi ndipo munayenera kukhala pa chimbudzi tsiku lonse? M'mimba mwanu mukuwawa, ndipo mwina muli ndi malungo ndi kusanza. Choyambitsa matenda ambiri otere chingakhale bacteria wotchedwa Salmonella. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane za Salmonella, chifukwa chake imachitika, momwe tingapewere, komanso zizindikiro zake. Ichi ndi chinthu chofala kwambiri, kotero ndikofunikira kudziwa bwino lomwe.

Kodi Salmonella ndi chiyani? Mwachidule...

Mwachidule, Salmonella ndi mtundu wa mabakiteriya . Mabakiteriya amenewa akalowa m'thupi mwathu, amayambitsa kusokonezeka m'mimba ndi kutsegula m'mimba. Nthawi zambiri timatcha izi "Salmonellosis". Kunena zoona, uku ndi kutupa kwa m'mimba ndi matumbo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha poizoni wa chakudya, kutanthauza, gastroenteritis. Uwu ndi umodzi mwa mitundu ikuluikulu ya poizoni wa chakudya womwe umachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya m'maiko ngati America.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya mabakiteriya a Salmonella. Mitundu ina imayambitsanso matenda ena, monga typhoid fever. Koma mtundu womwe tikukamba lero, womwe umayambitsa kusokonezeka kwa m'mimba, ndiwo wofala kwambiri.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani m'thupi lanu ngati mutadwala salmonella?

Tangoganizani kuti bakiteriya wa salmonella uyu amalowa m'thupi mwanu kudzera mu chakudya kapena madzi. Asidi wathu wa m'mimba ndi chitetezo chathu cha mthupi zimalimbana ndi majeremusi awa. Komabe, ngati chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya omwe amalowa chikuwonjezeka, kapena ngati chitetezo cha thupi lathu chafooka, bakiteriyayu amatha kuwapewa ndikuyambitsa matenda.

Bakiteriya wa Salmonella uyu amapita mwachindunji m'matumbo athu. Kumeneko, amaukira ndikuwononga maselo omwe ali mkati mwa khoma lamkati la matumbo. Izi zikachitika, matupi athu sangathe kuyamwa madzi bwino. Pamenepo ndi pamene ululu wa m'mimba umabwera, ndipo madzi omwe thupi silingathe kuyamwa amatuluka ngati kutsegula m'mimba.

Ndani ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga salmonella?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala salmonella. Komabe, anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu woti adwale matendawa, kapena ngati atadwala, amatha kukhala oopsa kwambiri. Tiyeni tiwone omwe ali:

• Anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi nyama zina kapena omwe ali pafupi ndi nyama zina ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu: makamaka omwe amagwira ntchito ndi nyama monga nkhuku, abakha, akamba, ndi abuluzi.
• Kwa iwo omwe akumwa mankhwala oletsa asidi kapena omwe angomwa kumene mankhwala opha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Mankhwala oletsa asidi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza gastritis amachepetsa acidity m'mimba. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya a salmonella apulumuke mosavuta. Komanso, mabakiteriya akagwiritsidwa ntchito, mabakiteriya abwino m'matumbo mwathu amafa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mabakiteriya oipa akule mosavuta.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otupa m'matumbo (IBD): Chifukwa matumbo awo amawonongeka ndi IBD, amakhala ndi mwayi waukulu woti atenge kachilombo ka Salmonella.
• Kwa ana osakwana zaka 5:Ana aang'ono amatha kudwala mosavuta chifukwa chitetezo chawo cha mthupi sichinakule bwino.

Komanso, pali anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda oopsa chifukwa cha matenda a Salmonella:

• Anthu azaka zopitilira 65 ndi makanda osakwana miyezi 12.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka: Izi zikutanthauza anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, omwe akulandira chithandizo cha khansa (chemotherapy), kapena omwe chitetezo chawo chamthupi chafooka chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena mankhwala ena.
• Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle cell: Salmonella ingayambitse matenda a mafupa otchedwa osteomyelitis. Izi ndi zovuta zachilendo.

Kodi Salmonella ndi yofala bwanji?

Salmonella ndi imodzi mwa matenda oopsa kwambiri pa chakudya. Akuti anthu opitilira miliyoni imodzi ku United States kokha amadwala salmonella chaka chilichonse. Anthu zikwizikwi amagonekedwa m'chipatala, ndipo ochepa amafa. Izi zitha kuonekanso m'dziko lathu, makamaka ngati sitisamala za ukhondo wathu wa chakudya ndi zakumwa.

Kodi zifukwa zazikulu zomwe zimayambitsa kufalikira kwa Salmonella ndi ziti?

Salmonella imafalikira kudzera muzakudya zambiri. Batala wa mtedza, nyama zopakidwa m'matumba, zakudya zozizira, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ndi zina zotero. Salmonella imatha kufalikiranso kudzera mu ziweto monga akamba, abuluzi, nkhuku, nkhono ndi nkhumba zodya nkhumba.

Kodi zizindikiro za poizoni wa salmonella ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za Salmonella zimatha kuonekera patangopita maola ochepa kapena masiku ochepa kuchokera pamene munthu walowa m'thupi. Zizindikirozi zimakhudza kwambiri m'mimba ndi m'matumbo mwathu. Izi ndi izi:

• Kutsegula m'mimba: Nthawi zina izi zimatha kukhala ndi magazi.
• Malungo.
• Kupweteka m'mimba kapena kupweteka m'mimba.
• Kusanza ndi kusanza.
• Mutu .

Mungakhale ndi chimodzi kapena zingapo mwa zizindikirozi. Si aliyense amene angakumane ndi zizindikiro zomwezo.

Chofunika: Ngati muli ndi matenda otsegula m'mimba ndi magazi, kapena ngati muli ndi malungo kwa masiku opitilira awiri kapena atatu, muyenera kuwona dokotala.

Kodi nthawi zonse mumasanza mukakhala ndi salmonella?

Ayi. Si aliyense amene amasanza. Nthawi zambiri, kutsegula m'mimba ndi kutentha thupi zimaonekera. Koma anthu ena amathanso kusanza.

Kodi ndowe imawoneka bwanji mukakhala ndi Salmonella?

Ngati pali salmonella , ndowe nthawi zambiri zimakhala zamadzimadzi ndipo zimatha kuchitika pafupipafupi. Nthawi zina, mungaone magazi pang'ono mu ndowe. Ngati muli ndi magazi otere, ndi bwino kufunsa upangiri wa dokotala.

Kodi chimayambitsa salmonella ndi chiyani?

Kuopsa kwa Salmonella kumachitika chifukwa cha mabakiteriya otchedwa Salmonella.Mabakiteriya amenewa akalowa m'thupi mwathu, ngati pali zinthu zambiri kuposa zomwe chitetezo cha mthupi lathu chingawononge, matenda amayamba. Pamenepo ndi pamene mavuto am'mimba monga malungo ndi kutsegula m'mimba zimachitika.

Mabakiteriya a Salmonella amakhala m'matumbo a anthu ndi nyama. Komabe, amapezekanso m'zinthu zomwe timadya, kumwa, ndi kukhudza. Mwachitsanzo:

• Mazira osaphika ndi zipolopolo za mazira.
• Nyama yosaphika, nsomba zam'madzi, ndi nkhuku.
• Ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso (ngati zagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda kutsukidwa bwino).
• Mkaka kapena tchizi chosaphikidwa mu uvuni.
• Madzi osayeretsedwa.
• Ubweya, nthenga, mamba, khungu, ndi ndowe za nyama. Ndi malo omwe nyama zimakhala.
• Ngati wina ali ndi kachilombo ka Salmonella, kuchokera pamalo omwe adakhudzapo.

Kodi Salmonella imafalikira bwanji?

Njira zazikulu zopezera Salmonella ndi kudya chakudya chosaphikidwa bwino komanso kusatsatira njira zoyenera zaukhondo pokonzekera chakudya. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kudya nyama, nkhuku, nsomba, kapena mazira osaphika bwino kapena osaphikidwa bwino.
• Kudya ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso zomwe zili ndi majeremusi (osatsukidwa).
• Kumwa madzi oipitsidwa kapena mkaka wosaphikidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Kusasamba m'manja mokwanira pokonzekera ndi kudya chakudya.

Ikhozanso kufalikira kuchokera ku nyama ndi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Salmonella. Ngati mukhudza nyama kenako n’kukhudza pakamwa panu ndi dzanja limenelo, mutha kutenga kachilomboka. Nyama iliyonse ikhoza kukhala ndi kachilombo ka Salmonella, kapena kachilomboka kakhoza kukhala pa ubweya wawo, nthenga, mamba, kapena khungu. Zitsanzo:

• Amphibians (achule, achule).
• Zokwawa (akamba, abuluzi, njoka).
• Mbalame (nkhuku, abakha, nkhuku, mbalame zakuthengo).
• Ziweto za pafamu (ng'ombe, mbuzi, nkhosa, nkhumba).
• Ziweto (agalu, amphaka, mbalame, nyama zazing'ono).

Ndi zakudya ziti zomwe zili ndi Salmonella yambiri?

Ngakhale chakudya chilichonse chosaphika chingakhale ndi mabakiteriya a salmonella, anthu ambiri amachipeza kuchokera ku nkhuku kapena mazira osaphikidwa bwino.

Kodi Salmonella ili ndi fungo?

Ayi. Mabakiteriya a Salmonella alibe fungo lapadera. Chakudya chodetsedwa ndi Salmonella nthawi zambiri chimawoneka bwino komanso chimanunkhiza bwino. Ndicho chifukwa chake muyenera kusamala.

Kodi salmonella ndi matenda opatsirana?

Inde, salmonella imafalikira. Mutha kuitenga kuchokera kwa munthu wina, kapena kuchokera kwa chiweto chanu. Ngati mupita kuchimbudzi mukadwala ndipo simukusamba m'manja mokwanira, mutha kufalitsa mabakiteriya kwa anthu ena, kuphatikizapo chakudya chomwe mumakhudza.

Kodi mumadziwa bwanji Salmonella?

Matenda a Salmonella amatha kupezeka poyesa ndowe, magazi, kapena chitsanzo china. Dokotala wanu adzakuyang'anirani ndikukufunsani za zizindikiro zanu komanso mbiri yanu yaumoyo.

Kodi ndi mayeso ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira Salmonella?

• Kuyesa chitsanzo cha chopondapo:Nthawi zambiri mungatenge chitsanzo ichi kunyumba. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani botolo loyera ndi malangizo amomwe mungatengere chitsanzocho. Ku labu, chitsanzocho chimayesedwa ngati pali mabakiteriya a Salmonella.
• Kuyesa magazi: Dokotala adzatenga magazi ochepa kuchokera m'dzanja lanu pogwiritsa ntchito singano. Labu idzayesa (kusonkhanitsa) magazi kuti ione ngati mabakiteriya a Salmonella akukula.
• Zitsanzo zina: Dokotala wanu angayesenso mkodzo wanu kapena chitsanzo kuchokera pachilonda kuti aone ngati muli ndi Salmonella.

Kodi Salmonella imachiritsidwa bwanji?

Nthawi zambiri, salmonella sichithandizidwa ndi mankhwala enaake. Komabe, ngati matenda anu ndi aakulu kapena muli pachiwopsezo cha mavuto, dokotala wanu angakupatseni maantibayotiki. Ngati muli ndi kutsegula m'mimba kwambiri, mungafunike kupita kuchipatala.

Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa madzi ndi zakumwa zambiri. Ngati mwataya madzi m'thupi, dokotala wanu angakupatseni zakumwa kudzera mu IV (ndicho chomwe chimatchedwa saline ).

Kodi mankhwala a Salmonella ndi otani?

Ngati mukufuna maantibayotiki a matenda a salmonella, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala monga awa:

• Ciprofloxacin
• Ceftriaxone
• Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)
• Azithromycin

Chenjezo: Musamwe mankhwala opha maantibayotiki nokha popanda kufunsa dokotala. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse mavuto ena.

Kodi mungachiritse bwanji zizindikiro za salmonella?

Njira yofunika kwambiri yothetsera zizindikiro za salmonella ndikumwa madzi ambiri kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi. Madzi omwe angathandize kupewa kutaya madzi m'thupi ndi awa:

• Madzi
• Zakumwa zamasewera (chifukwa zili ndi mchere ndi shuga)
• Madzi a zipatso 100% ochepetsedwa ndi madzi
• Msuzi
• Mankhwala obwezeretsa madzi m'thupi (monga Jeevani, Pedialyte)

Mankhwala ogulitsidwa kunja kwa chipatala monga loperamide (Imodium) ndi bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate) angathandize akuluakulu omwe ali ndi vuto lotsegula m'mimba. Komabe, musapereke mankhwala oletsa kutsegula m'mimba awa kwa ana aang'ono ndi makanda popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wa ana kaye.

Kodi salmonella imatha yokha?

Inde, nthawi zambiri, salmonella imatha yokha patangopita masiku ochepa. Koma muyenera kupirira zizindikiro zina kwa masiku angapo. Chofunika kwambiri ndikumwa madzi ambiri kuti mupewe kutaya madzi m'thupi.

Kodi mungapewe bwanji salmonella?

Mukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a salmonella mwa kutsatira njira zotetezeka zokonzekera chakudya komanso kusamala mukamachita zinthu ndi nyama.

Njira zotetezeka zokonzekera chakudya kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha salmonella

Mabakiteriya a Salmonella amatha kuphedwa pophika bwino ndikuyika chakudya mu ufa. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha salmonella pokonza chakudya:

• Ngati mukudwala, musaphikire ena.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu nthawi zonse ndi sopo mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito chimbudzi.
• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino musanakonze chakudya, musanadye chakudya, komanso mukamaliza kukonza chakudya.
• Tsukani bwino malo okonzera chakudya, ziwiya zodyera, ndi ziwiya zodyera musanagwiritse ntchito komanso mutagwiritsa ntchito.
• Phikani chakudya bwino mpaka kutentha koyenera musanadye.
• Musakhudze chakudya china chilichonse mukamagwira nyama yaiwisi, nkhuku, nsomba zam'madzi, kapena mazira. Kuchita zimenezi kungayambitse majeremusi.
• Tsukani ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso bwino musanadule, kudya, kapena kuphika, kapena kuchotsa khungu.
• Ikani nyama, nkhuku, ndi nsomba mufiriji kapena mufiriji mwamsanga momwe zingathere.
• Musadye kapena kumwa mkaka wosaphikidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena zakudya zopangidwa ndi mkaka wosaphikidwa ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
• Musamwe madzi osakonzedwa kapena kudya chakudya chokonzedwa ndi madzi osakonzedwa. Ngati simukudziwa ngati madziwo ndi otetezeka (mwachitsanzo, mukakhala paulendo), gwiritsani ntchito madzi a m'mabotolo kuti mumwe ndi kuphika.

Kusamalira bwino ziweto kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda a salmonella

Nyama iliyonse ikhoza kukhala ndi matenda a Salmonella, kapena mabakiteriya amapezeka pa ubweya wawo, nthenga, mamba, kapena pakhungu. Nyama zomwe zili ndi matendawa sizimawoneka ngati zikudwala nthawi zonse. Nkhuku, abakha, akamba, ndi abuluzi ndi nyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a Salmonella.

Nazi zina zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ku mabakiteriya a salmonella omwe amachokera ku nyama:

• Sambani m'manja mwanu bwino ndi sopo ndi madzi mutagwira ziweto (kuphatikizapo ziweto), chakudya chawo, mbale zamadzi, mabokosi a zinyalala, ndowe, zikwama, kapena zoseweretsa.
• Mukakhudza nyama, musakhudze pakamwa pawo kapena kuyika manja anu mkamwa mwawo. Musakhudze ubweya wawo, nthenga zawo, mamba awo, kapena khungu lawo.
• Ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka, kapena muli ndi zaka zoposa 65 kapena zosakwana 5, musayandikire nyama zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
• Musadye kapena kumwa madzi pafupi ndi ziweto zomwe zili pachiwopsezo chachikulu kapena komwe zimakhala.
• Tsukani malo okhala chiweto chanu (monga thanki kapena khola) panja ngati n'kotheka. Musatsuke khola la chiweto chanu, zoseweretsa, kapena mbale za chakudya mu sinki yakukhitchini.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati nditadwala salmonella?

Salmonella nthawi zambiri ndi matenda omwe amadziletsa okha.Izi zikutanthauza kuti mukatha masiku angapo mutakhala ndi zizindikiro, mudzachira popanda chithandizo. Nthawi zambiri, mutha kuthana nazo kunyumba mpaka mutachira.

Komabe, ngati chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chili chofooka, ngati muli ndi matenda a sickle cell, kapena ngati mwadwala kwambiri ndi salmonella, dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mankhwala opha maantibayotiki.

Kodi salmonella imatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Zizindikiro za Salmonella nthawi zambiri zimakhala pakati pa masiku anayi ndi asanu ndi awiri . Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikusintha patatha masiku atatu, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu.

Kodi mavuto a Salmonella ndi otani?

Salmonella ingayambitse mavuto monga:

• Kusowa madzi m'thupi: Kusowa madzi m'thupi kungachitike ngati madzi ambiri atayika m'thupi chifukwa cha kusanza kapena kutsegula m'mimba. Izi zitha kukhala zoopsa ngati sizikuthandizidwa bwino.
• Mabakiteriya ndi Sepsis: Ngati mabakiteriya a Salmonella alowa m'magazi, amatha kufalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi ndikuyambitsa matenda oopsa. Sepsis ndi njira yowopsa kwambiri yomwe thupi limayankhira matenda.
• Matenda a mafupa: Matenda osowa kwambiri m'mafupa. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle cell ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopeza matendawa.
• Matenda a Nyamakazi Oyambitsa Matenda: Kutupa kwa mafupa, maso, ndi njira ya mkodzo kumachitika chifukwa cha chitetezo cha mthupi pambuyo pa matenda.

Kodi mungatani kuti mufe ndi salmonella?

Inde, salmonella imatha kupha ngati ifalikira ku ziwalo zina za thupi kapena kuyambitsa sepsis. Komabe, izi sizichitika kawirikawiri. Anthu pafupifupi 420 okha ndi omwe amafa ndi matenda a salmonella ku United States mwa mamiliyoni ambiri a matendawa. Choncho musamachite mantha mosayenera, koma ndikofunikira kusamala.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Ngati zizindikiro zanu sizikuchepa patatha masiku ochepa, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala. Ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kapena zizindikiro za kutaya madzi m'thupi, muyenera kupita kuchipatala mwamsanga. Zizindikiro zimenezi zikuphatikizapo:

• Malungo aakulu.
• Magazi mu chopondapo.
• Kusanza pafupipafupi, kulephera kusunga chakudya ndi chakumwa chokwanira.
• Mkodzo wakuda kapena mkodzo wochepa kuposa masiku onse.
• Pakamwa ndi pakhosi pouma.
• Kumva chizungulire ukayimirira.

Ndi mafunso ati omwe ndiyenera kufunsa dokotala?

Mukapita kwa dokotala, mungafunse mafunso monga awa:

• Kodi ndingathe bwanji kuthana ndi zizindikiro zanga kunyumba?
• Kodi njira yabwino yopezera madzi okwanira m'thupi ndi iti?
• Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati zizindikiro zanga zikuipiraipira kapena kusintha?
• Ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe ndiyenera kukuyimbirani kapena kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa?

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira

Kupha poizoni wa Salmonella n'kofala. Ngakhale kuti kungakhale kovuta pang'ono, nthawi zambiri si vuto lalikulu.Imwani madzi ambiri, ndipo musazengereze kupita kwa dokotala ngati simukumva bwino pakapita masiku ochepa. Ngati chitetezo cha mthupi chanu chili chofooka kapena muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha mavuto ochokera ku salmonella, funsani dokotala wanu za kumwa mankhwala opha maantibayotiki kuti muchiritse matendawa. Kuchita zinthu mosamala pa chakudya komanso ukhondo ndi njira yabwino yopewera kudwala.

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