Kodi mwakhala mukutopa kwa kanthawi, mukutsokomola komanso mukutuluka madzi m'mphuno? Mwina mwaonanso ziphuphu zazing'ono pakhungu lanu. Zizindikiro zambiri zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi izi zitha kuchitika chifukwa cha matenda omwe simungaganizirepo, otchedwa 'Sarcoidosis.' Ngakhale dzinalo lingamveke ngati loopsa pang'ono, tiyeni tikambirane momveka bwino za momwe matendawa alili, chifukwa chake amapezeka, komanso zomwe mungachite.
Kodi Sarcoidosis ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Chabwino, tiyeni timvetse izi motere. Thupi lathu lili ndi chitetezo chamthupi . Lili ngati gulu lankhondo loteteza mkati mwa thupi lathu. Ntchito ya gululi ndi kutiteteza ku adani monga majeremusi , mabakiteriya , ndi mavairasi ochokera kunja.
Chomwe chimachitika mu sarcoidosis ndichakuti chitetezo chathu cha mthupi chimayamba kugwira ntchito molimbika kuposa momwe chiyenera kukhalira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, ngakhale palibe mdani weniweni, maselo a chitetezo cha mthupi (makamaka maselo oyera amagazi ) amasonkhana ndikupanga misasa yaying'ono m'malo osiyanasiyana m'thupi. Misasa yaying'ono iyi ndi yomwe timayitcha kuti ziphuphu kapena granulomas .
Ziphuphu zimenezi (granulomas) zimatha kupangika kulikonse m'thupi. Komabe, zimapezeka kwambiri m'mapapo ndi m'malo olumikizirana mafupa . Zingathenso kupangika pakhungu, m'maso, mumtima , ndi muubongo.
Chofunika ndichakuti, granuloma iyi si gulu la maselo a khansa . Iyi si khansa. Iyi ndi ntchito yochuluka ya chitetezo cha mthupi.
Nthawi zina timibuluti timeneti sitiyambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse. Koma nthawi zina, kutengera komwe timapangika komanso kukula kwake, tingayambitse zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana. Pazovuta kwambiri, zipsera zokhazikika zimatha kupangika pakapita nthawi m'malo omwe timibuluti timeneti tinali. Timatcha izi kuti fibrosis . Monga momwe chipyera chimakhalira bala likachira. Ngati izi zitachitika m'mapapo, zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo za nthawi yayitali pa kupuma.
Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?
Sarcoidosis ndi matenda omwe angakhudze aliyense. Komabe, pali zinthu zina zomwe zingakupangitseni kukhala ndi matendawa:
- Zaka:Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 25 ndi 40.
- Jenda: Akazi ali ndi mwayi wochuluka woti akhale ndi vutoli kuposa amuna.
- Mbiri ya banja: Iyi si matenda omwe amabadwa nawo mwachindunji. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu (amayi, abambo, mchimwene kapena mlongo) ali ndi matendawa, chiopsezo chanu chotenga matendawa chimakhala chachikulu pang'ono kuposa munthu wamba.
Matendawa amaonedwa kuti ndi matenda osowa kwambiri. Choncho palibe chifukwa chodera nkhawa kwambiri, koma ndikofunikira kudziwa.
Kodi zizindikiro za sarcoidosis ndi ziti?
Apa ndi pomwe anthu ambiri amasokonezeka. Chifukwa zizindikiro za sarcoidosis zimasiyana kwambiri. Zizindikiro zimasiyana kwambiri kutengera komwe ziphuphu (granulomas) zimayambira. Anthu ena sangakhale ndi zizindikiro zilizonse, ndipo amatha kuzindikirika mwangozi panthawi ya X-ray pazifukwa zina.
Tiyeni tiwone zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zili.
| Chiwalo cha thupi chomwe chakhudzidwa | Zizindikiro zomwe zingawonekere |
|---|---|
| Zizindikiro Zonse | |
| Thupi lonse |
|
| Pamene mapapo akhudzidwa (Zizindikiro za m'mapapo) | |
| Mapumulo |
|
| Zikakhudza khungu (Zizindikiro za Khungu) | |
| Khungu |
|
| Maso akakhudzidwa (Zizindikiro za Maso) | |
| Maso |
|
| Pamene mtima wakhudzidwa (Zizindikiro za Mtima) | |
| Mtima |
|
| Pamene dongosolo la mitsempha lakhudzidwa (Zizindikiro za dongosolo la mitsempha) | |
| Ubongo ndi mitsempha |
|
Kodi Sarcoidosis ya mapapo imagawidwa m'magawo?
Inde, Sarcoidosis (Pulmonary Sarcoidosis), matenda omwe amakhudza mapapo, amagawidwa m'magawo angapo kutengera momwe mapapo amaonekera pa X-ray ya pachifuwa. Koma si gawo lomwe limayenda kuchokera pagawo lina kupita ku lina monga khansa. Limangotanthauza malo omwe pali ziphuphu (granulomas). Munthu amatha kusuntha kuchokera pagawo lina kupita ku lina, kubwerera ku gawo lakale, kapena ziphuphu zimatha kutha kwathunthu.
- Gawo 0: Palibe kusintha komwe kumawoneka pa X-ray. Mapapo ndi ma lymph nodes ndi abwinobwino.
- Gawo 1: Zotupazo zili m'malo olumikizirana mafupa pachifuwa chokha.
- Gawo lachiwiri: Matumbo amatha kuwoneka m'matumbo a lymph m'chifuwa ndi m'mapapo.
- Gawo lachitatu: Zotupazo zili m'mapapo okha. Sizili m'malo olumikizirana mafupa.
- Gawo 4: Mabala osatha a m'mapapo (pulmonary fibrosis) achitika. Gawoli ndi lovuta kulisintha.
N’chifukwa chiyani Sarcoidosis imayamba? Kodi chifukwa chake n’chiyani?
Madokotala sakudziwabe chomwe chimayambitsa izi, koma chiphunzitso chomwe chikuvomerezedwa pano ndi chakuti anthu omwe ali ndi chibadwa chobadwa nacho akakumana ndi chinthu china m'chilengedwe (monga bakiteriya, kachilombo, kapena fumbi), chitetezo chawo cha mthupi chimakwiya kwambiri .
Mwachidule, amakhulupirira kuti izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa majini ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Ngakhale kuti ndi matenda okhudzana ndi chitetezo chamthupi, satchulidwa kuti ndi matenda a 'autoimmune'.
Kodi sarcoidosis imachiritsidwa bwanji?
Kuzindikira matenda a sarcoidosis kungakhale kovuta pang'ono, chifukwa zizindikiro zomwe takambirana pamwambapa zitha kuwonekanso m'matenda ena ambiri. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu adzachotsa matenda ena asanaganize kuti sarcoidosis ndi yotheka.
Mayeso angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa izi:
- Kuwunika thupi: Dokotala adzamvetsera mosamala zizindikiro zanu ndikuwunika zinthu monga khungu lanu, maso, ndi ma lymph nodes.
- Mayeso ojambulira: Chinthu choyamba chomwe mungachite ndi X-ray ya pachifuwa . Ikhoza kuwona momwe mapapo anu alili komanso ma lymph node. Kuphatikiza apo, CT scan kapena MRI scan ingafunike.
- Kufufuza za matenda: Iyi ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yotsimikizira matendawa 100%. Kachidutswa kakang'ono kwambiri ka minofu kamatengedwa kuchokera pamalo omwe akukayikiridwa (monga khungu, lymph node) ndikuwunikidwa pogwiritsa ntchito maikulosikopu.
- Mayeso a ntchito ya m'mapapo: Izi zimayesa momwe mapapu akugwirira ntchito.
- Kuyezetsa magazi ndi mkodzo:Zinthu monga ntchito ya ziwalo monga chiwindi ndi impso komanso kuchuluka kwa calcium m'magazi zimawunikidwa.
- EKG (Electrocardiogram): Kuyesa kumeneku kumachitika kuti muwone ngati pali vuto lililonse pamtima.
- Kuyezetsa chifuwa chachikulu: Popeza zizindikiro za chifuwa chachikulu nthawi zina zimakhala zofanana ndi izi, kuyezetsa khungu kosavuta kumachitika kuti zitsimikizire kuti sizili choncho.
Kodi mankhwala ochizira izi ndi otani?
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti si aliyense amene ali ndi sarcoidosis amene amafunika chithandizo. Kwa anthu pafupifupi awiri mwa atatu, vutoli lidzatha lokha mkati mwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, popanda chithandizo chilichonse.
Kuyamba kapena ayi chithandizo kumadalira kuopsa kwa zizindikiro zanu komanso komwe zotupazo zili. Mwachitsanzo, ngati maso, mtima, kapena mitsempha yakhudzidwa, chithandizo chidzayamba mwachangu kuti chilepheretse kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo.
Zolinga zazikulu za chithandizo ndi izi:
1. Kulamulira zizindikiro.
2. Kuchepetsa kutupa m'thupi.
3. Kuteteza kuwonongeka kosatha (fibrosis) kwa ziwalo.
Mitundu ikuluikulu ya mankhwala operekedwa pa izi ndi:
- Corticosteroids: Iyi ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri (monga Prednisone). Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kuchepetsa kutupa m'thupi mwachangu. Amabwera ngati mapiritsi, ma inhalers, kapena mafuta opaka pakhungu.
- Mankhwala Oletsa Kutupa kwa Mthupi: Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala oletsa kutupa kapena kuchepetsa mlingo wawo, mankhwala ena omwe amalamulira chitetezo cha mthupi (monga Methotrexate) amaperekedwa.
- Ma antibodies a anti-TNF-alpha: Awa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala olowetsedwa m'mitsempha omwe amalimbana ndi mankhwala enaake m'thupi.
- Mankhwala oletsa ululu (NSAIDs): Mankhwalawa angaperekedwe kuti achepetse zizindikiro zakanthawi monga kupweteka kwa mafupa.
Chofunika: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala monga corticosteroids kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse mavuto monga kunenepa kwambiri, matenda a shuga, komanso kuthamanga kwa magazi. Chifukwa chake, dokotala wanu nthawi zonse amaganizira ngati ubwino wa chithandizo ndi woposa zoopsa zake. Musayambe kapena kusiya kumwa mankhwala awa popanda upangiri wa dokotala wanu.
Zinthu zofunika kudziwa mukakhala ndi sarcoidosis
Munthu amene ali ndi sarcoidosis amatha kuchita zinthu zambiri kuti athetse vuto lake.
- Tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu: imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira, pitani kuzipatala pa masiku omwe akonzedwa, ndipo dziwitsani dokotala wanu ngati pali kusintha kulikonse pa zizindikiro zanu.
- Moyo Wathanzi:Ndikofunikira kudya zakudya zoyenera, kupewa kusuta fodya (makamaka ngati kwakhudza mapapo), komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pang'ono monga momwe dokotala wanu wanenera.
- Zakudya: Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti kuchepetsa kudya zakudya zokhala ndi shuga komanso zokhuthala komanso kudya ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso, ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe zili ndi omega-3s (monga nsomba zazing'ono) kungathandize kuchepetsa kutupa. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti mwalankhula ndi dokotala wanu musanasinthe zakudya zanu.
Anthu ambiri amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwinobwino komanso wosangalala ndi sarcoidosis. Sizifupikitsa nthawi yoti munthu akhale ndi moyo (1%-5%). Chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti musaope matendawa, koma muwamvetse bwino ndikugwira ntchito ndi dokotala wanu kuti mupange dongosolo labwino kwambiri loyang'anira lomwe lingakuthandizeni.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Sarcoidosis ndi matenda omwe chitetezo cha mthupi chimachita zinthu mopitirira muyeso ndipo amachititsa kuti ziphuphu zotupa (granulomas) zipangike m'mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi.
- Iyi si matenda opatsirana kapena khansa.
- Zizindikiro zimasiyana kwambiri, kutengera komwe ziphuphu zimayambira. Mapapu ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri.
- Kwa anthu ambiri, izi zimatha zokha pakapita nthawi popanda chithandizo. Anthu ena amafunika chithandizo kuti athetse zizindikiro ndikuletsa kuwonongeka kwa ziwalo.
- Ngati muli ndi kukayikira kulikonse pa izi, kapena ngati muli ndi zizindikiro zosazindikirika, onetsetsani kuti mwawonana ndi dokotala kuti akupatseni upangiri.
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