Kodi inunso mumaona kuti dziko lino si lenileni? Tiyeni tikambirane za matenda a schizophrenia

Kodi inuyo, kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa, munayamba mwasokonezekapo ngati zinthu zomwe mukuganiza ndi kumva ndi zenizeni kapena ayi? Nthawi zina mungamve ngati muli m'dziko lina, mukukumana ndi kumva zinthu zomwe ena sangamvetse. Umenewo ndi mtundu wa matenda amisala omwe tikambirane lero , schizophrenia . Ngakhale izi zingawoneke zovuta pang'ono, tiyeni tizisunge mosavuta.

Kodi vuto la maganizo la schizophrenic ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, schizophrenia ndi matenda aakulu amisala omwe amakhudza maganizo ndi thupi lanu. Amasokoneza momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito. Izi zikutanthauza kuti malingaliro anu, kukumbukira, momwe mumamvera (malingaliro), ndi khalidwe lanu zimatha kusokonekera. Izi zingakulepheretseni kuchita zinthu zambiri m'moyo wanu watsiku ndi tsiku. Ngati simulandira chithandizo, vutoli lingakhudze chilichonse kuyambira kuntchito yanu mpaka maubwenzi anu ndi maubwenzi anu achikondi. Mwinanso simungathe kukonza malingaliro anu ndipo mungachite zinthu m'njira zomwe zingayambitse mavuto kapena mavuto ena azaumoyo.

Kodi pali mitundu ina ya schizophrenia ?

Kale, madokotala amisala ankalankhula za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a schizophrenia . Mwachitsanzo, ``Paranoid Schizophrenia`` (mtundu womwe umakayikira chilichonse ndipo umamva ngati wina akukutsutsa) ndi ``Catatonic Schizophrenia`` (mtundu womwe umasunga thupi lako pamalo amodzi kapena kuyendayenda mopitirira muyeso). Komabe, magulu awa sanali othandiza kwenikweni pozindikira matendawa molondola kapena kusankha chithandizo choyenera.

Chifukwa chake, akatswiri tsopano amaona kuti ndi vuto lomwe lili ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana komanso milingo yosiyana ya matenda omwewo. Monga momwe utawaleza ulili ndi mitundu yambiri yogwirizana, umaonedwa ngati "spectrum". Nazi zina mwa matenda omwe ali mu "Schizophrenia spectrum" iyi:

• (Schizotypal personality disorder)` (Izi zimagweranso m'gulu la matenda a umunthu)
• `(Delusional disorder)` (kukhalapo kwa malingaliro ambiri olakwika)
• `(Matenda amisala afupiafupi)` (Kusokonezeka maganizo kwakanthawi kochepa)
• `(Schizophreniform disorder)` (Zizindikiro zofanana ndi schizophrenia , koma za nthawi yochepa)
• Matenda a Schizoaffective (matenda omwe amadziwika ndi kusintha kwa malingaliro pamodzi ndi zizindikiro za schizoaffective )
• Matenda ena osadziwika kapena osadziwika bwino a schizoaffective spectrum. Izi zimathandiza madokotala kuzindikira mitundu yachilendo ya matenda a schizoaffective omwe nthawi zambiri samawonekera.

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Matenda a Schizophrenia nthawi zambiri amayamba pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 25 mwa amuna ndipo pakati pa zaka 25 ndi 35 mwa akazi. Pafupifupi 20% ya milandu yatsopano yomwe yapezeka ndi matendawa ndi ya zaka zoposa 45. Ikachitika pa msinkhu uwu, imakhudza amuna kuposa akazi.

Ndikosowa kwambiri kuti ana adwale matenda a schizophrenia , koma si zosatheka. Ngati matendawa ayamba ali ana, nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwambiri komanso ovuta kuchiza.

Kodi schizophrenia ndi yofala bwanji?

Vutoli ndi lofala kwambiri. Padziko lonse lapansi, limakhudza anthu pafupifupi 221 pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse.

Kodi zizindikiro zazikulu zisanu za schizophrenia ndi ziti?

Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a schizophrenia sadziwa kuti ali ndi zizindikirozi. Koma anthu omwe ali pafupi nanu, banja lanu, ndi anzanu, amatha kuzindikira kusintha kumeneku. Nazi zizindikiro zazikulu zisanu za schizophrenia :

1. Kunyenga: Izi ndi zikhulupiriro zabodza zomwe muli nazo m'maganizo mwanu zomwe sizingatsimikizidwe kuti ndi zolakwika, ngakhale mutapeza umboni wochuluka bwanji. Mwachitsanzo, mungaganize kuti winawake akulamulira zomwe mukuganiza, kunena, kapena kuchita. Kapena, mungaganize kuti winawake akukukonzerani chiwembu kapena akuyesera kukuvulazani. Mwina mukuganiza kuti muli ndi mphamvu zapadera kapena kuti ndinu wotchuka kwambiri.

2. Kuona zinthu molakwika: Vuto limene mumaona, kumva, kumva, kununkhiza, kapena kulawa zinthu zomwe sizili pamenepo. Chofala kwambiri ndi kumva mawu omwe sali pamenepo. Mawu amenewa angakulankhuleni, kukudzudzulani pa zomwe mukuchita, kapena kukupatsani malamulo.

3. Kulankhula kosalongosoka kapena kosamveka bwino: Mungakhale ndi vuto lokonza maganizo anu polankhula. Izi zingatanthauze kuti mukuvutika kukhala pa mutu, kapena maganizo anu angasokonezeke kwambiri moti ena sangamvetse zomwe mukunena. Nthawi zina simungathe kuyika mawu anu pamodzi ndipo mungalankhule mwanjira yopanda tanthauzo.

4. Kusuntha kosakhazikika kapena kosazolowereka: Kusuntha kwanu ndi machitidwe anu akhoza kukhala osiyana ndi zomwe ena amayembekezera. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuzungulira pamalo amodzi popanda chifukwa chomveka, kapena mwadzidzidzi kuzizira pamalopo osasuntha konse. Muthanso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe achilendo.

5. Zizindikiro zoipa: Izi zikutanthauza kuchepa kapena kutayika kwa luso lanu lochita zinthu monga momwe mukuyembekezerera. Mwachitsanzo, simungasonyeze kukhudzidwa pankhope panu, kapena mungalankhule ndi mawu amodzi opanda kukhudzidwa.Izi zikuphatikizapo kutaya chidwi ndi chilichonse, makamaka kukhala ndi anthu ena, komanso kutaya chidwi chochita zinthu zomwe mumakonda. Mungatayenso chidwi chofuna kukhala aukhondo komanso kusamalira maonekedwe anu.

Chifukwa cha zizindikiro izi, mukhoza kukumana ndi zinthu monga:

• Kukhala wokayikira komanso woopa chilichonse.
• Kusaganizira za ukhondo ndi mawonekedwe a munthu.
• Kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, ndi maganizo ofuna kudzipha zingachitike.
• Mungayesedwe kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso mowa, nikotini, mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala, kapena mankhwala ena pofuna kuchepetsa zizindikirozi.

Kodi zifukwa za schizophrenia ndi ziti?

Schizophrenia ilibe chifukwa chimodzi chokha. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti imayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Zifukwa zitatu zazikulu zapezeka:

• Kusalingana kwa zizindikiro za mankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polankhulana pakati pa maselo a ubongo wanu.
• Mavuto okhudzana ndi kukula kwa ubongo asanabadwe.
• Kutayika kwa kulumikizana pakati pa ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za ubongo.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a schizophrenia ?

Ngakhale kuti zifukwa zenizeni za izi sizinatsimikizidwebe, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa:

• Malo Ozungulira: Zinthu zambiri zomwe zili m'dera lanu zimatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu chotenga matenda a schizophrenia . Kubadwa m'nyengo yozizira kumawonjezera chiopsezo chanu pang'ono. Matenda ena omwe amakhudza ubongo, monga matenda opatsirana ndi matenda odziteteza ku matenda enaake (mikhalidwe yomwe chitetezo cha mthupi lanu chimaukira ziwalo za thupi lanu), amathanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo chanu. Kukhala pansi pa nkhawa kwambiri kwa nthawi yayitali kungathandizenso izi.
• Zinthu Zokhudza Kukula ndi Kubadwa: Momwe mumakulira m'mimba zingakhudzenso chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a schizophrenia . Ngati amayi anu anali ndi matenda a shuga a mimba, preeclampsia, kusowa zakudya m'thupi, kapena kusowa kwa vitamini D panthawi ya mimba, mungakhale pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a schizophrenia . Mungakhalenso pachiwopsezo chachikulu ngati munabadwa ndi kulemera kochepa kapena munali ndi mavuto panthawi yobereka (monga opaleshoni yadzidzidzi).
• Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena, makamaka pa mlingo waukulu komanso ali aang'ono, kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi matenda a schizophrenia . Kugwirizana pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kwambiri mwa achinyamata, makamaka achinyamata, ndi vutoli kwaphunziridwa bwino. Koma akatswiri sakudziwabe ngati kugwiritsa ntchito chamba kukugwirizana ndi matenda a schizophrenia.Kodi ndi chifukwa chachindunji, kapena ndi chifukwa chongowonjezera?

Kodi schizophrenia ndi majini?

Akatswiri sanapeze chifukwa chimodzi chokha chodziwikiratu cha schizophrenia , kotero sizikudziwika ngati chimayamba chifukwa cha majini. Komabe, ngati wina m'banja mwanu, makamaka kholo kapena m'bale wanu, ali ndi schizophrenia , muli pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matendawa.

Kodi matenda a schizophrenia amapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu (kapena wa wokondedwa wanu) akhoza kuzindikira matenda a schizophrenia kapena matenda ena ofanana nawo mwa kufunsa mafunso, kufotokoza zizindikiro zanu, ndikuwona khalidwe lanu. Iye adzafunsanso mafunso kuti apeze zifukwa zina zomwe zingayambitse zizindikiro zanu. Kenako, adzayerekeza zomwe zapezekazo ndi njira zodziwira matenda a schizophrenia .

Malinga ndi Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), kuzindikira matenda a schizoaffective kumafuna:

• Zizindikiro zazikulu ziwiri mwa zisanu zomwe takambiranazi ziyenera kukhalapo.
• Muyenera kuti mwakhala ndi zizindikiro izi kwa mwezi umodzi kapena kuposerapo .
• Zizindikiro zanu ziyenera kuti zinakhudza ntchito yanu kapena maubwenzi anu (abwenzi, achikondi, aukadaulo, kapena ena) .

Ndi mayeso otani omwe amachitidwa kuti adziwe vutoli?

Palibe mayeso enieni odziwira matenda a schizophrenia . Komabe, madokotala asanazindikire matenda a schizophrenia , angachite mayeso ena kuti athetse matenda ena. Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mayeso ndi iyi:

• Mayeso ojambulira: Madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mayeso ojambulira, monga computerized tomography (CT) scan kapena magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, kuti athetse mavuto monga sitiroko, kuvulala kwa ubongo, zotupa mu ubongo, kapena kusintha kwina kwa kapangidwe ka ubongo.
• Mayeso a magazi, mkodzo, ndi madzi a msana (msana wopopera): Mayesowa amayang'ana kusintha kwa mankhwala m'madzi a m'thupi lanu kuti apeze zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kusintha kwa khalidwe lanu. Izi zitha kuchotsa zinthu monga poizoni wa heavy metal, zifukwa zina zoyambitsa poizoni, ndi matenda opatsirana.
• Kuyesa ntchito ya ubongo: Kuyesa kwa electroencephalogram (EEG) kumazindikira ndikulemba momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito. Kuyesa kumeneku kungathandize kuzindikira matenda monga khunyu.

Kodi matenda a schizophrenia angachiritsidwe?

Schizophrenia singathe kuchiritsidwa kwathunthu.Koma nthawi zambiri vutoli limatha kuchiritsidwa. Anthu ochepa kwambiri amatha kuchira kwathunthu ku matenda a schizophrenia . Koma si mankhwala, chifukwa palibe njira yodziwira yemwe adzabwereranso ndi amene sadzabwereranso. Ndicho chifukwa chake akatswiri amaona kuti anthu omwe achira matendawa "ali bwino."

Kodi matenda a schizophrenia amachiritsidwa bwanji?

Chithandizo cha schizophrenia nthawi zambiri chimaphatikizapo kuphatikiza mankhwala, psychotherapy, ndi njira zodzisamalira. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala a m'badwo woyamba ndi wachiwiri: Mankhwala monga Haloperidol - Haldol®, Aripiprazole - Abilify®, Aristada®, Olanzapine - Zyprexa®, Lyablvi®, Symbyax®, ndi Quetiapine - Seroquel® amagwira ntchito poletsa ntchito ya mankhwala enaake (ma neurotransmitters) omwe ubongo wanu umagwiritsa ntchito kutumiza mauthenga pakati pa maselo. Komabe, izi zingayambitse zotsatirapo zoyipa monga kugona, kunenepa, komanso kunjenjemera.
• Mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala a m'badwo wotsatira: FDA posachedwapa yavomereza gulu latsopano la mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala otchedwa Xanomeline ndi trospium chloride (Cobenfy™). Gulu la mankhwala oletsa matenda amisala limeneli limagwira ntchito pa ma cholinergic receptors m'malo mwa ma dopamine receptors. Mu mayeso azachipatala, chithandizo chatsopanochi chawonetsedwa kuti chimachepetsa zizindikiro za schizophrenia ndipo chili ndi zotsatirapo zosiyanasiyana. Zotsatirapo zake ndi monga nseru, kusokonezeka m'mimba, kusunga mkodzo, kugunda kwa mtima kwambiri, komanso kudzimbidwa.
• Chithandizo cha Maganizo: Kulankhula njira zochiritsira monga Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kungakuthandizeni kuthana ndi vutoli. Chithandizo cha nthawi yayitali chingathandizenso ndi mavuto ena monga nkhawa, kuvutika maganizo, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe angabwere limodzi ndi schizophrenia .
• Chithandizo cha Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): Ngati mankhwala ena sanagwire ntchito, dokotala wanu angakulangizeni kugwiritsa ntchito ECT. Chithandizochi chimatumiza magetsi kumutu wanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mbali zina za ubongo wanu ziyambe kugwira ntchito. Kulimbikitsa kumeneku kumayambitsa vuto la khunyu kwakanthawi, lomwe lingathandize kukonza magwiridwe antchito a ubongo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kupsinjika maganizo kwambiri kapena nkhawa. Ngati muli ndi ECT, mudzapatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu. Chifukwa chake mudzakhala mukugona panthawi ya opaleshoniyi ndipo simudzamva kupweteka kulikonse.

Kodi ndidzakhala bwino nthawi yayitali bwanji nditatha kulandira chithandizo?

Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akuuzeni nthawi yomwe zingatenge kuti mukhale bwino ndi mankhwala ndi chithandizo. Mankhwala osiyanasiyana amatenga nthawi yosiyana kuti agwire ntchito. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeninso za njira zina zothandizira zomwe zingakuthandizeni ngati chithandizo chanu choyamba sichikugwira ntchito.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati ndili ndi vutoli?

Schizophrenia ndi matenda omwe amasiyana kwambiri malinga ndi munthu. Mutha kukhala ndi vuto ndi zinthu monga ntchito, ubale, komanso kudzisamalira. Koma ndi chithandizo, mutha kugwira ntchito, kudzisamalira, komanso kukhala ndi ubale wabwino.

Matendawa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotsatira zozungulira. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pakhoza kukhala nthawi zomwe matendawa amakula ndipo zizindikiro zanu zimakhala zoyipa kwambiri. Kenako pakhoza kukhala nthawi zomwe zizindikiro zanu zimachepa pang'ono, koma osati kwathunthu.

Kaya vutoli ndi lalikulu bwanji, musaiwale kuti mukalandira chithandizo mutha kukhala nalo ndikuchepetsa mavuto ake pa moyo wanu.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli n'chiyani?

Schizophrenia si matenda oopsa. Koma zotsatira zake zimatha kubweretsa makhalidwe oopsa kapena ovulaza. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia amakumana ndi zizindikiro zoipiraipira pakapita nthawi. Izi zitha kukhala chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro zanu sizikugwirizana ndi chithandizo, kapena chifukwa zimakuvutani kutsatira dongosolo la chithandizo mokwanira kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu. Pafupifupi 10% ya anthu omwe ali ndi schizophrenia amafa ndi kudzipha.

Ena amalandira bwino chithandizo, koma nthawi zina zizindikiro zimabwereranso ndipo zimakula kwambiri. Angakhalenso ndi mavuto osalekeza, monga kuvutika kuganizira ndi kuganiza, chifukwa cha zotsatira za matenda omwe analipo kale.

Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo changa, kapena kupewa izi?

Popeza akatswiri sakudziwabe chifukwa chake matenda a schizophrenia amayamba, n'zosatheka kupewa kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo chotenga matendawa.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati muli ndi matenda a schizophrenia , muyenera kuchita zinthu izi kuti mudzisamalire komanso kuti muthane ndi vuto lanu:

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira: Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungachite ndikumwa mankhwala anu moyenera. Ngati muli ndi matenda a schizophrenia , musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu popanda kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za mavuto aliwonse kapena zotsatirapo zake, ndipo sankhani mankhwala omwe akukuthandizani komanso omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo zochepa kapena zopanda pake.
• Pitani kwa dokotala wanu monga momwe mukufunira: Dokotala wanu adzakonza nthawi yoti mukakumane naye. Maulendo amenewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri posamalira vuto lanu.
• Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro:Ngati mwapezeka ndi matendawa ndipo mwapeza chithandizo chamankhwala msanga, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wochita bwino mukalandira chithandizocho ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zabwino.
• Pewani kumwa mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo kungapangitse kuti zizindikiro za matenda a schizophrenia ziwonjezeke komanso kuyambitsa mavuto ena. Izi zikuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala olembedwa ndi dokotala m'njira zina zomwe sizikuvomerezedwa.
• Ganizirani zopeza chithandizo: Mutha kupeza zinthu zothandiza komanso chidziwitso kuchokera ku mabungwe monga National Alliance on Mental Illness. Pali malo ku Sri Lanka omwe amapereka chithandizo chofanana, choncho yang'anani.

Ndiyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?

Muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu monga momwe mwalangizidwira. Komanso, ngati muwona kusintha kwa zizindikiro zanu, mwachitsanzo, ngati zizindikiro zanu zikuipiraipira ngakhale mutamwa mankhwala anu, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala wanu. Ngati zotsatirapo za mankhwala anu zikusokoneza moyo wanu, muthanso kuuza dokotala wanu za izi. Dokotala wanu nthawi zina amatha kuchiza bwino vuto lanu, ndipo angakulangizeni mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala omwe alibe zotsatirapo zake.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Ngati mukuganiza zodzivulaza nokha kapena ena, imbani National Mental Health Helpline pa 1926 nthawi yomweyo. Ngati mukuona kuti mukufuna kudzivulaza, pitani ku dipatimenti yapafupi yadzidzidzi yachipatala nthawi yomweyo, kapena imbani Suwaseriya Ambulance Service pa 1990.

Kodi ndingatani ngati wokondedwa wanga akuwonetsa zizindikiro za schizophrenia ?

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wokondedwa wanu akuwonetsa zizindikiro za schizophrenia kapena vuto lina lofanana nalo, mutha kuyesa kuthandiza m'njira izi:

• Funsani momwe mungathandizire: Kuwamvetsera, kuwapatsa thandizo, kusunga njira zolankhulirana nawo, ndi kuwathandiza kumva kuti akugwirizana ndi ena.
• Alimbikitseni kupeza munthu amene angathandize: Matenda a maganizo okhudzana ndi matenda a Schizophrenia , makamaka mankhwala, amatha kusintha zizindikiro za munthu ndikuwathandiza kumvetsetsa zomwe zili zenizeni ndi zomwe sizili.
• Musaweruze kapena kukangana: Ngakhale pali umboni, musawaweruze kapena kukangana nawo pa zomwe zili zoona kapena ayi. Anthu omwe amaona zinthu zisanachitike kapena zikhulupiriro nthawi zambiri sayankha umboni chifukwa sangathe kudziwa zomwe zili zoona kapena ayi.
• Khalani chete:Ngati akwiya kapena akwiya, musakweze mawu anu. Yesetsani kuti malo omwe muli nawo akhale chete komanso opanda phokoso momwe mungathere. Komanso, onetsetsani kuti sakumva ngati ali mumsampha kapena akuopsezedwa mwanjira iliyonse.
• Pezani thandizo pakagwa ngozi: Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a schizophrenia ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chodzipha. Ngati akulankhula za kuganiza zodzivulaza okha kapena ena, funani thandizo nthawi yomweyo (monga imbani 911, muwatengere kuchipatala).

Pomaliza, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira

Matenda a Schizophrenia akhoza kukhala vuto lalikulu kwa inu ndi okondedwa anu. Koma ngakhale kuti anthu ali ndi malingaliro olakwika, si vuto lomwe simungathe kulichira, kukhala ndi moyo wosangalala komanso wokhutiritsa. Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi zizindikiro za matenda a schizophrenia , ndikofunikira kulankhula ndi dokotala mwamsanga. Ntchito yawo ndikukuthandizani. Madokotala, makamaka omwe ali ndi maphunziro apadera a matenda amisala monga schizophrenia , amaphunzitsidwa kuti akuthandizeni kuti musamve kuweruzidwa, kuchita manyazi, kapena kuchita manyazi.

Ngati mukuganiza kuti wokondedwa wanu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto la maganizo kapena matenda a schizoaffective , mulimbikitseni kuti akapeze chithandizo mofatsa komanso mothandiza. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungathandize kwambiri pakuchira kwawo komanso kusamalira vutoli.

` Schizophrenia-affective Schizophrenia, matenda amisala, thanzi la maganizo, zizindikiro za matenda amisala, chithandizo cha schizophrenia-affective , zomwe zimayambitsa matenda amisala