Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza 'Statins' Kuti Muchepetse Cholesterol

Kodi mayeso anu aposachedwa a magazi awonetsa kuti mulingo wa cholesterol m'magazi mwanu ndi wokwera pang'ono? Kodi munachita mantha pang'ono komanso kuda nkhawa mutaona kuti "cholesterol yoyipa" kapena LDL yanu nayonso inali yokwera? Ngati ndi choncho, dokotala wanu mwina anakulangizani kuti muyambe kumwa mankhwala amtundu wa 'Statin'. Lero, tiyeni tikambirane mwachidule za 'Statins', zomwe ndizofunikira kwa anthu ambiri.

Chabwino, kodi 'Statins' awa ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, 'Statins' ndi mtundu wa mankhwala omwe madokotala amapereka kuti achepetse kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anu, makamaka cholesterol "yoyipa".

Tikamalankhula za cholesterol, nthawi zonse timamva za mitundu iwiri, sichoncho?

1. LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha cholesterol "yoyipa" . Ganizirani mitsempha yanu yamagazi ngati chitoliro chomwe chimanyamula madzi. Chomwe cholesterol iyi ya LDL imachita ndikuyika ngati matope amafuta mkati mwa chitolirocho, pang'onopang'ono kumachepetsa njira yoti magazi aziyenda. Mitundu ina ya 'statins' imatha kuchepetsa cholesterol yoyipayi ndi 50% kapena kuposerapo.

2. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): Ichi ndi chomwe timachitcha kuti cholesterol "yabwino" . Chimatenga cholesterol yoyipa yomwe yasonkhana m'mitsempha yamagazi ndikuipereka ku chiwindi kuti ichotsedwe m'thupi. Chili ngati chosonkhanitsira zinyalala.

Ma Statins samangochepetsa cholesterol yoyipa ya LDL, komanso amathandiza kuchepetsa triglycerides, mtundu wina wa mafuta m'magazi, ndikuwonjezera pang'ono milingo yabwino ya cholesterol ya HDL.

Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kuti amwedwe kamodzi patsiku, nthawi yomweyo. Ma statin ena amagwira ntchito bwino akamwedwa usiku. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matupi athu amatulutsa cholesterol yambiri usiku. Komabe, ma statin ena atsopano amagwiranso ntchito bwino akamwedwa nthawi iliyonse ya tsiku. Dokotala wanu adzakufotokozerani izi.

Kodi mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Nkhani iyi ndi yosangalatsa kwambiri. Tangoganizirani kuti chiwindi chanu ndiye fakitale yayikulu yomwe imapanga cholesterol. Ndipotu, 75% ya cholesterol yomwe thupi lathu limafunikira imapangidwa m'chiwindi chathu. Yotsalayo imachokera muzakudya zomwe timadya.

Choncho, chiwindi chili ndi enzyme yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pakupanga cholesterol. Imatchedwa `HMG-CoA reductase`. Mankhwala a `Statin` amagwira ntchito ngati mlonda, kuletsa enzyme ya `HMG-CoA reductase` kuti isafike pachiwindi. Kenako chiwindi chimataya zinthu zopangira zomwe chimafunikira kuti chipange cholesterol. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe kumachokera ku chiwindi kumachepa kwambiri. Kodi mukumvetsa?

Nchifukwa chiyani tifunika mankhwala a 'Statins'?

Chifukwa chachikulu ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Monga ndanenera kale, cholesterol yoipa ikachuluka m'magazi, imayikidwa pamakoma a mitsempha yamagazi. Mu zamankhwala, timatcha izi 'Atherosclerosis' . Cholesterol yomwe imaunjikana mwanjira iyi imatchedwa 'plaque'. Izi zimachepetsa malo mkati mwa mitsempha yamagazi ndikuletsa kuyenda kwa magazi.

Tangoganizirani zomwe zimachitika ngati mtsempha wopereka magazi kumtima watsekeka motere? Mtima sulandira mpweya ndi zakudya zomwe umafunikira. Zimenezi zimapangitsa kuti munthu adwale matenda a mtima. Ndipo ngati 'chipolopolo' ichi chaphulika mumtsempha wopereka magazi ku ubongo ndipo magazi kuundana, chimayambitsa sitiroko.

Ma Statins amachepetsa cholesterol, zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha matenda oopsa awa.

Ndi mitundu iti ya 'statins' yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya 'statins'. Dokotala wanu adzakupatsani mtundu womwe ukukuyenererani, poganizira za thanzi lanu, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol, ndi zina.

Nthawi zina 'statin' imabwera mu piritsi lomwelo ndi mankhwala ena. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala otchedwa ezetimibe okhala ndi simvastatin.

Ndani amalimbikitsidwa kutenga 'Statins'?

Dokotala adzakulemberani mankhwala a statin kutengera chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima. Izi zimadalira zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zaka zanu, jenda, mbiri ya banja lanu, komanso ngati mumasuta. Mankhwala a statin nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu otsatirawa:

• Kwa iwo omwe sangathe kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lawo (makamaka kuchuluka kwa LDL kupitirira 190 mg/dL) ngakhale atadya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi .
• Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga komanso azaka zapakati pa 40-75, omwe ali ndi LDL cholesterol yoposa 70 mg/dL.
• Kwa iwo omwe adadwala kale matenda a mtima, sitiroko, kapena matenda a mitsempha yamagazi (PAD) .
• Kwa anthu azaka zapakati pa 40-75 omwe ali ndi LDL yoposa 70 mg/dL, omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima.
• Ngati wina m'banjamo (makolo, abale) adakhala ndi matenda a mtima ali wamng'ono ndipo ali ndi cholesterol yambiri.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo zilizonse pa izi?

Ili ndi vuto kwa anthu ambiri. N’zoona kuti, monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, ma statins amatha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zake. Koma chofunika ndichakuti anthu ambiri sakumana ndi zotsatirapo zake. Ngakhale zotsatirapo zake zazing’ono zimatha pamene mankhwalawo akupitilizabe.

Chofunika: Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatirapo zilizonse zoyipa, musasiye kumwa mankhwala anu nokha. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri choti muchite ndikulankhula ndi dokotala wanu za vutoli. Mutha kuthetsa vutoli mwa kusintha mtundu wa statin yomwe mukumwa kapena kusintha mlingo.

Kodi pali anthu omwe sayenera kumwa ma statins?

Inde. Mankhwala a statin sakuvomerezeka kwa amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda enaake oopsa a chiwindi. Muyeneranso kuuza dokotala wanu za mankhwala ena aliwonse omwe mukumwa. Madzi a zipatso, makamaka mphesa ndi madzi a makangaza, amatha kuyanjana ndi ma statin ena, choncho funsani dokotala wanu za zimenezo.

Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati musiya kumwa mankhwalawo?

Mukasiya kumwa statin, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu kumabwerera komwe kunali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chanu cha matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko chimakweranso. Chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala omwe mumakhala nawo moyo wanu wonse.

Nthawi yoti mukaonane ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo

Ngati mukukumana ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi mukumwa statin, funsani upangiri wa dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

• Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwambiri kapena kufooka kwa minofu kapena mafupa anu.
• Ngati muli ndi ululu wa thupi chifukwa cha malungo .
• YanuNgati maso kapena khungu lanu likuoneka lachikasu (jaundice).
• Ngati mkodzo wanu ukhala wakuda ngati madzi a tiyi .

Mu mkhalidwe wotere, ndi bwino kupita ku chipatala cha Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU).