Kodi inunso mumakhala ndi khunyu pafupipafupi? Tiyeni tiphunzire za vuto loopsali? (Status Epilepticus)

Mwina mwaonapo anzathu ndi achibale athu ena akugwidwa ndi khunyu motsatizana. Kapena akhoza kukhala ndi khunyu kamodzi kenako n’kugwidwanso asanadziwenso. Uwu ndi matenda oopsa. Lero, tikambirana za matenda oopsa komanso adzidzidzi otchedwa ``Status Epilepticus```.

Kodi Status Epilepticus ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, Status Epilepticus (SE) ndi matenda omwe munthu amakhala ndi khunyu kosalekeza, kapena khunyu lotsatizana, popanda nthawi yokwanira yoti abwererenso kuchira kapena kuchira. Matendawa amapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu, koma anthu omwe alibe khunyu amathanso kukhala ndi khunyu lamtunduwu chifukwa cha matenda osiyanasiyana.

Izi ndi ngozi yachipatala yomwe ingawononge moyo ndipo imafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye ali ndi khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati mwakhalapo ndi khunyu kangapo ndipo simunabwererenso kuchira kwathunthu, imbani 1990 (ambulansi) kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri, chifukwa mukalandira chithandizo mwachangu, zotsatira zake zimakhala zabwino.

Ndani amene akukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala khunyu, ndipo vuto la khunyu (SE) silili losiyana ndi limeneli. Komabe, anthu ena ali ndi mwayi waukulu wodwala khunyu. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Zaka: Ana aang'ono osakwana chaka chimodzi ndi akuluakulu opitirira zaka 60 ali ndi mwayi waukulu wokhala ndi vutoli. Komabe, limatha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse. Magulu awiriwa ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chifukwa cha matenda ena omwe angayambitse matenda a khunyu (SE) (onani Zomwe Zimayambitsa ndi Zizindikiro).
• Jenda: Amuna ali ndi mwayi wochuluka wopeza vutoli.
• Kukhala ndi khunyu: Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la khunyu (SE) ali ndi khunyu. Zapezeka kuti pakati pa 16% ndi 38% ya ana aang'ono ndi pakati pa 42% ndi 50% ya akuluakulu ali ndi khunyu.

Kodi vutoli ndi lofala bwanji?

Matenda a khunyu (SE) si matenda ofala kwambiri, koma ndi amodzi mwa matenda omwe amakhudza ubongo nthawi zambiri. Akatswiri akuti anthu pakati pa 7 ndi 40 pa anthu 100,000 aliwonse amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ku United States, mwachitsanzo, anthu pakati pa 23,000 ndi 131,800 amadwala matendawa chaka chilichonse. Pafupifupi 2% ya khunyu zonse zimakula kukhala matenda a khunyu (SE), ndipo pafupifupi 23% ya matenda atsopano amakula kukhala matenda amenewa.

Kodi matenda a khunyu amakhudza bwanji thupi?

Ngakhale kuti matenda a khunyu (SE) amayamba mu ubongo wanu, akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa pa ziwalo zingapo m'thupi lanu lonse.Kuti timvetse momwe izi zimachitikira, zimathandiza kumvetsetsa pang'ono tanthauzo la khunyu.

Zotsatira pa ubongo

Maselo amitsempha muubongo wanu, otchedwa ma neuron, sangagwire ntchito mosalamulirika kwa nthawi yayitali. Monga momwe chipangizo chamagetsi chingathere ngati chikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi ambiri, kugwedezeka kosalamulirika kwa status epilepticus (SE) kungawononge ma neuron anu. Kuwonongeka kumeneku nthawi zambiri kumakhala kosatha. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mungataye mphamvu yolamulira ziwalo za ubongo wanu zomwe zinawonongeka.

Zotsatirapo pa machitidwe ena a thupi

Mu matenda a epilepticus (SE), minofu yonse ya thupi lanu imatha kuyenda mopanda kulamulira komanso mosiyanasiyana. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwa thupi lanu kukwere ndipo minofu yanu itope. Thupi lanu limayesetsa kubweza ngongoleyo potulutsa mankhwala m'magazi mwanu. Koma izi zimathandiza kwa kanthawi kochepa.

Ngati matenda a khunyu (SE) amatenga nthawi yayitali, angakhudze ziwalo zotsatirazi m'thupi lanu:

• Mtima: Ngati kusintha kwa mankhwala m'magazi kumatenga nthawi yayitali, kungakhale kovulaza m'malo mothandiza. Izi zingayambitse kugunda kwa mtima kosakhazikika kapena kuwonongeka kwa mtima. Kukomoka kwina kungayambitse mtima kuchedwa (bradycardia) kapena kuima kwathunthu (asystole).
• Minofu: Minofu imatha kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kuchita zinthu nthawi zonse, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi mopitirira muyeso. Izi zingayambitse kuvulala kwa minofu yanu ndi minofu ina yofewa. Pa milandu yoopsa, kuwonongeka kumeneku kungayambitsenso kung'ambika kwa minofu yanu.
• Impso: Zinthu zomwe zimawonongeka chifukwa cha kusweka kwa minofu yowonongeka ndi zoopsa. Impso zanu zimatha kusefa pang'ono mwa izi, koma ngati kuchuluka kwake kukuchulukira, impso zimatha kutopa kwambiri ndipo zingayambitse kulephera kwa impso.
• Kupuma: Matenda a khunyu (SE) angasokonezenso mphamvu yanu yopumira. Izi zingayambitse kusowa kwa mpweya mu ubongo ndi thupi, zomwe pamapeto pake zingayambitse imfa. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a khunyu (SE) amathanso kutulutsa madzi m'mimba mwawo kupita m'mapapo mwawo, zomwe zingayambitse chibayo ndi matenda ena.
• Kutentha kwa thupi kokwera: Monga momwe zimakhalira ndi malungo okwera, matenda a khunyu (SE) angayambitse kutentha kwa thupi lanu kufika pamlingo woopsa. Izi zitha kuwononga ziwalo zonse za thupi lanu, makamaka ubongo.

Kodi zizindikiro zake ndi ziti?

Zizindikiro za matenda a khunyu (SE) zimadalira dera la ubongo lomwe lakhudzidwa. Chifukwa khunyu imachitika m'malo osiyanasiyana a ubongo, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khunyu. Chifukwa chake, pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a khunyu (SE). Ndi awa:

• Mkhalidwe wa khunyu `(Convulsive SE)`:Izi zimadziwika ndi kugwedezeka kosalamulirika ndi kugwedezeka kwa mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi. Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kwa tonic-clonic komwe kumachitika nthawi zambiri ndi mtundu waukulu wa khunyu komwe kungayambitse vutoli.
• Matenda a khunyu (Nonconvulsive status epilepticus `(Nonconvulsive SE)`: Mu izi, palibe kugwedezeka, kugwedezeka, kapena mayendedwe osalamulirika a minofu. Komabe, mayendedwe ena ang'onoang'ono a minofu angachitike. Mwachitsanzo, kugwedezeka pang'ono kwa mkono kapena gawo la nkhope, monga kuyenda pang'onopang'ono mobwerezabwereza. `(Nonconvulsive SE)` iyi ikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi mitundu ya khunyu monga `(Absence seizures)` ndi `(Focal seizures)` zomwe zimakhudza gawo lochepa la ubongo.

Kodi zifukwa zake ndi ziti?

Chifukwa chokhacho cha matenda a khunyu (SE) ndi khunyu. Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe khunyu ingachitikire:

• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu: Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha matenda ena kapena zifukwa zina. Mwachitsanzo, kutentha thupi kwambiri, kusiya kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, shuga wotsika m'magazi, sitiroko, zotupa muubongo, ndi encephalitis. Mtundu uwu umakhala ndi 25% mpaka 30% ya khunyu zonse. Ngati khunyu imachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, imatchedwa khunyu yoopsa, ndipo pali chiopsezo chachikulu choti ikule kukhala status epilepticus.
• Khunyu losayembekezereka: Khunyu limeneli si chizindikiro cha matenda enaake kapena chifukwa chake. Limachitika pamene ubongo wa munthu umayamba kugwidwa ndi khunyu lokha mosavuta. Khunyu lomwe limachitika mkati mwa masiku asanu ndi awiri kuchokera pamene munthu wavulala mutu kapena sitiroko limagweranso m'gululi.

Zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimachititsa kuti khunyu lichitike. Magulu ena azaka ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda a khunyu (SE) pazifukwa zinazake. Izi ndi izi:

• Malungo, makamaka kutentha thupi kwambiri: Izi zimatchedwa "malungo otupa" ndipo ndi zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khunyu mwa ana osakwana chaka chimodzi.
• Matenda a sitiroko, aneurysms, ndi kutuluka magazi muubongo: Vuto lililonse la kayendedwe ka magazi lomwe limawononga ubongo kapena kusokoneza ntchito ya ubongo lingayambitse khunyu. Matenda a sitiroko ndi mavuto ena ofanana nawo, monga aneurysms ndi kutuluka magazi muubongo, ndi omwe amachititsa khunyu kwambiri mwa anthu azaka zopitirira 60.

Zifukwa zina:

• Zotupa za muubongo (kuphatikizapo khansa).
• Kusowa kwa okosijeni ku ubongo (cerebral hypoxia).
• Kuvulala kwakukulu kwa mutu `(Kuvulala kwakukulu kwa ubongo ndi kuvulala koopsa)`.
• Matenda omwe amawononga ubongo pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo matenda a Alzheimer's kapena frontotemporal dementia.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa (izi zikuphatikizapo mankhwala, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso caffeine).
• Kusiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.
• Eclampsia ndi khunyu lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi panthawi ya mimba.
• Mavuto a electrolyte, makamaka hyponatremia, kusowa kwa calcium kapena magnesium.
• Kuzindikira kuwala kowala kapena kowala.
• Matenda a majini (matenda obadwa nawo kuchokera kwa makolo akabadwa).
• Kusintha kwa mahomoni (monga catamenial epilepsy, yomwe imakhudza anthu omwe ali ndi nthawi ya msambo, ingayambitse khunyu zambiri nthawi zina za nthawi ya msambo).
• Matenda (makamaka matenda oyambitsidwa ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena bowa, monga encephalitis kapena meningitis).
• Kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a chitetezo chamthupi (pamene chitetezo chamthupi chanu chikuukira ubongo wanu).
• Mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi, makamaka shuga wambiri m'magazi (Hyperglycemia) kapena shuga wotsika m'magazi (Hypoglycemia).
• Mavuto okhudza kapangidwe ka ubongo (makamaka omwe amapezeka panthawi yobadwa).
• Sepsis (kuopsa kwa magazi).
• Poizoni ndi poizoni (monga poizoni wa carbon monoxide kapena poizoni wa zitsulo zolemera).

Kodi matenda a Status Epilepticus amawapeza bwanji?

Dokotala akhoza kupeza matenda a khunyu (SE) poganizira zizindikiro za khunyu la munthuyo, nthawi yomwe khunyuyo linatenga, komanso ngati panali nthawi yokwanira kuti achire pakati pa khunyu zingapo. Komabe, ndikofunikiranso kudziwa chifukwa chake munthuyo adadwala khunyu lomwe linamupangitsa kukhala ndi khunyu la khunyu (SE). Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo njira zingapo.

Ndi mayeso ati omwe amachitidwa kuti adziwe vutoli?

Kuyeza kwa electroencephalogram (EEG) ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira khunyu lililonse, kuphatikizapo matenda a khunyu (SE). Mu mayesowa, masensa okhala ndi jeli yomata, yoyendetsa magetsi amayikidwa pakhungu lanu. Jeli iyi imathandiza masensa kuzindikira ntchito yamagetsi muubongo wanu.

Madokotala amatha kuzindikira khunyu poyang'ana momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito. Ngati wina ali ndi khunyu lomwe likupitirira, kapena ngati ali ndi khunyu kangapo motsatizana, dokotala akhoza kuzindikira matenda a khunyu (SE). Kuyeza kwa EEG n'kofunika kwambiri kwa munthu amene ali ndi khunyu losagwedezeka (Nonconvulsive status epilepticus).

Komabe, dokotala ayeneranso kudziwa ngati khunyu la munthuyo ndi "loyambidwa" kapena "losayambidwa." Izi zimafuna mayeso ndi mayeso osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo:

• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimatha kuzindikira zinthu zambiri, monga kusalinganika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi ndi m'magazi, mavuto a chitetezo chamthupi, poizoni, ndi poizoni.
• Kuyesa kwa CT scan (Computerized Tomography - CT scan).
• Mayeso a MRI (Maginito Oyerekeza Maginito - MRI).
• Kuboola msana / Kuboola msana.

Dokotala wanu angakulangizeninso mayeso ena. Izi zitha kudalira zinthu zambiri, monga ngati muli ndi kuvulala kulikonse, mbiri yanu yachipatala, mtundu wa khunyu lomwe muli nalo, ndi zina zambiri. Dokotala wanu (kapena munthu amene mwasankha kuti akupangireni zisankho zachipatala) adzakuuzani mayeso omwe ali abwino kwa inu, ndi chifukwa chake.

Kodi chimachiritsidwa bwanji? Kodi chingachiritsidwe?

Matenda a khunyu (SE) amachiritsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira zingapo. Izi zili choncho chifukwa matenda a khunyu (SE) amatha kuyambitsa mavuto aakulu kapena oopsa omwe amakhudza thupi lonse. Njirazi zikuphatikizapo:

• Mankhwala.
• Kulowetsa m'chubu.
• Kuchiza zifukwa zoyambitsa (ngati zilipo).
• Chithandizo chowonjezera.

Ngati matenda a khunyu (SE) sakuyankha chithandizo, amatchedwa kuti refractory SE. Komabe, pali njira zina zochiritsira.

Mankhwala

Mankhwala ndi ofunikira poletsa kugwira ntchito kwa khunyu muubongo wanu. Mankhwala amathanso kuchiza mavuto ena, monga mavuto a mtima, omwe angachitike chifukwa cha matenda a khunyu (SE).

Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza khunyu ndi awa:

• Benzodiazepines (Benzos): Mankhwalawa amagwira ntchito poletsa mphamvu zamagetsi za mitsempha yanu ndikuletsa khunyu. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa mwa jakisoni mwachindunji m'thupi lanu, kapena kudzera mu mtsempha (IV). Amabwera ngati spray ya m'mphuno kapena gel. Angaperekedwe ndi pakamwa kapena m'matumbo (ma gel amalowa mosavuta m'matumbo a mkamwa ndi m'matumbo). Ambiri mwa awa ndi mankhwala oyamba. Koma ena amasungidwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito pamene mankhwala ena sanagwire ntchito.
• Mankhwala Oletsa Khunyu: Benzodiazepines yokha imatha kuletsa khunyu pafupifupi 50% yokha. Mu 50% ina, khunyu imayambanso pamene mankhwala oyamba atha. Chifukwa chake, mankhwalawa angathandize kupewa khunyu kuti lisabwererenso kwa nthawi yayitali. Mankhwala Oletsa Khunyu amasinthanso momwe ubongo wanu umagwirira ntchito, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu zamagetsi muubongo wanu. Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ngati IV.
• Mankhwala oletsa ululu: Pa milandu yoopsa kwambiri, madokotala amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa ululu kuti alowe munthu mu chikomokere chifukwa cha mankhwala. Izi zimateteza ubongo ndi thupi la munthuyo ku kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matenda a khunyu (SE).

Kulowetsa m'chubu

Kulowetsa mpweya m'chubu ndi kuyika chubu mu payipi ya mpweya ya munthu (bronchi ). Chubuchi chimatsimikizira kuti payipi ya mpweya ya munthuyo imakhala yotseguka. Chimalolanso ogwira ntchito zachipatala kupuma pogwiritsa ntchito matumba opumulira ndi manja kapena chopumulira mpweya.

Kuchiza zifukwa zoyambira

Munthu akagwidwa ndi khunyu, nthawi zina kuchiza chomwe chimayambitsa khunyu kumakhala kokwanira kuti athetse khunyu. Mwachitsanzo, khunyu loyambitsidwa ndi mankhwala, poizoni, kusiya kumwa mowa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya monga kuchuluka kwa sodium kapena potaziyamu m'thupi kapena m'thupi.

Mankhwala oletsa khunyu

Njira ina ndikuletsa khunyu kuti lisachitike, motero kupewa matenda a khunyu (SE) kuti asabwerenso. Njira zina zodziwika bwino zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa khunyu (kapena kuchepetsa kuopsa kwake kapena kuchuluka kwake) ndi izi:

• Mankhwala.
• Opaleshoni ya khunyu.
• Kusintha kwa zakudya (makamaka zakudya za Ketogenic zomwe zimakhala zochepa kapena zopanda chakudya).
• Kulimbikitsa dongosolo la mitsempha (monga kukulitsa ubongo kapena kukulitsa mitsempha ya vagus).

Mankhwala ena

Kutengera ndi vuto lanu ndi momwe zinthu zilili, pakhoza kukhala njira zina zochiritsira ndi njira zina zochiritsira. Dokotala wanu (kapena munthu wololedwa kukupangirani zisankho zachipatala) adzatha kukupatsani chithandizo chomwe chili chabwino kwa inu ndikufotokozera chifukwa chake.

Kodi mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake ndi ziti?

Mavuto kapena zotsatirapo zake zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha chithandizo cha matenda a khunyu (SE) zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Izi zikuphatikizapo:

• Kutaya kukumbukira.
• Mavuto amisala (monga kuvutika maganizo ndi/kapena nkhawa).
• Chithandizo chapadera chomwe mudalandira.
• Chifukwa cha khunyu (ngati madokotala angapeze).
• Mbiri yanu yazaumoyo ndi matenda aliwonse omwe mungakhale nawo kale.

Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti afotokoze mavuto ndi zotsatirapo zake, ndipo angakupatseni malangizo a momwe mungapewere kapena kuchepetsa ngati n'kotheka.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji kapena kuthana ndi zizindikiro?

Matenda a khunyu (SE) ndi matenda oopsa omwe amapha anthu ambiri. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli sangathe kudzisamalira okha kapena kuletsa khunyu mwachindunji. Njira yokhayo yodziwira ndikuchiza ndikupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi - kapena chipatala china chadzidzidzi - chomwe chili ndi zida ndi zinthu zofunika. Pazifukwa izi, vutoli nthawi zonse limakhala chifukwa choyimbira foni 1990 (Emergency Medical Service) kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi ndikupempha thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.

Kodi zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti munthu achire pambuyo pa chithandizo?

Nthawi yochira matenda a khunyu (SE) ndi chithandizo chake zimadalira zinthu zambiri. Zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu achire ndi zomwe zinayambitsa matenda a khunyu komanso nthawi yomwe yakhala ikuchitika. Dokotala wanu ndiye munthu wabwino kwambiri woti akuuzeni za nthawi yochira matenda anu.

Kodi mungachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha matenda a khunyu?

Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu, ndipo zambiri mwa izo sizikudziwika. Chifukwa chake, palibe njira yopewera khunyu ndi status epilepticus (SE). Komabe, pali njira zochepetsera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khunyu. Kuchita izi kudzachepetsa mwayi woti khunyu ikule kukhala status epilepticus (SE). Nazi zina zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khunyu:

• Sungani mankhwala opulumutsa anthu pafupi: Kwa iwo omwe akudziwa kuti ali ndi vuto la khunyu, kukhala ndi mankhwala "opulumutsa" kungathandize kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, benzodiazepines yomwe imabwera mu spray ya m'mphuno. Wina angakupatseni awa kuti muletse khunyu. Chitsanzo china ndi piritsi lomwe limasungunuka mkamwa. Mutha kumwa izi pakati pa khunyu kuti muletse khunyu. Ngati wina ali ndi khunyu, mupatseni mapiritsi omwe mwapatsidwa pambuyo poti khunyu yatha.
• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kukhala ndi thupi labwino: Matenda ambiri okhudzana ndi thanzi la magazi ndi mtima wanu, makamaka sitiroko, amatha kuwononga ziwalo zina za ubongo wanu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha khunyu mwa anthu opitirira zaka 60. Kusamalira zakudya zanu kungathandizenso kupewa khunyu lomwe limayambitsidwa ndi mavuto a electrolyte (monga sodium wochuluka kapena wochepa). Anthu ena angafunike kudya zakudya zopanda ma carbohydrate ambiri kapena zopanda ma carbohydrate kuti apewe khunyu. Dokotala akhoza kukutsogolerani ndi kukuthandizani ndi zakudya izi.
• Chiritsani matenda: Ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchiza matenda a maso ndi makutu. Matendawa amatha kufalikira ku ubongo ndi/kapena kuyambitsa malungo aakulu. Zonsezi zingayambitse khunyu.
• Valani zida zodzitetezera: Kuvulala mutu ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha kugwedezeka kwa mutu. Kuvala zida zodzitetezera, monga zipewa ndi malamba, nthawi iliyonse ikafunika kutero, kungathandize kupewa kuvulala komwe kungayambitse kugwedezeka kwa mutu.
• Pewani kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso, mankhwala, ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kugwiritsa ntchito molakwika izi kungayambitse khunyu. Komanso, ngati muli ndi chizolowezi chogwiritsa ntchito zinthuzi, mutha kukhala ndi khunyu mukasiya kuzigwiritsa ntchito.
• Konzani matenda anu: Kusamalira matenda osatha kungathandize kupewa khunyu, makamaka zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, monga matenda a shuga amtundu woyamba ndi matenda a shuga amtundu wachiwiri. Ngati muli ndi khunyu, kumwa mankhwala oletsa khunyu ndi gawo lina la njira yothanirana ndi matenda anu.

Kodi ndingayembekezere chiyani ngati nditayamba kukhala ndi matenda a khunyu?

Ngati muli ndi vuto la epilepticus `(SE)`, mumataya chidziwitso chifukwa khunyu limasokoneza ntchito ya ubongo wanu. Pa nthawi ya khunyu, ubongo wanu umalephera kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimakupangitsani kuti musamvetse zomwe zikuchitika kapena kuchita chilichonse mwadala. Zotsatira zenizeni pa thupi lanu zimadalira mtundu wa khunyu yomwe idayambitsa vuto la epilepticus `(SE)`. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la epilepticus `(SE)` amathanso kudzivulaza mwa kugwa kapena kugundana ndi zinthu zapafupi.

Kodi matenda a epilepticus amatha nthawi yayitali bwanji?

Matenda a khunyu (Status epilepticus (SE)) amatha kwa mphindi zosachepera zisanu. Khunyu likamatha nthawi yayitali, mwayi woti lisiye lokha umakhala wochepa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti matenda a khunyu (SE) amatha mpaka imfa itachitika chifukwa cha mavuto a matendawa.

Kodi chiyembekezo cha vutoli n'chiyani?

Matenda a khunyu (Status epilepticus (SE)) ndi matenda adzidzidzi chifukwa nthawi zambiri amapha ngati sanachiritsidwe. Komabe, njira zothandizira zasintha kwambiri. Masiku ano, matenda a khunyu (SE) okha ndi omwe amapha anthu pa 0.5% mpaka 2% yokha.

Kawirikawiri, ana aang'ono ndi makanda omwe ali ndi matenda a epilepticus (SE) chifukwa cha malungo amakhala ndi chiyembekezo chabwino kwambiri. Komabe, ngati apezeka ndi matenda oopsa monga sitiroko, chiopsezo cha imfa (kaya kuchokera ku matenda a epilepticus (SE) kapena matenda ena) chimawonjezeka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a epilepticus (SE) n'chochepa pakati pa akuluakulu azaka zopitirira 60.

Kodi ndingadzisamalire bwanji? (Kuti ndipewe khunyu)

Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a khunyu (SE), kupewa khunyu ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti mudzisamalire. Njira zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mupewe khunyu ndi izi:

• Sungani mankhwala opulumutsa anthu: Ngati muli ndi mankhwala adzidzidzi omwe dokotala wanu wakupatsani, muziwasunga nthawi zonse. Musachoke panyumba opanda mankhwalawo. Sungani khadi lokhala ndi vuto lanu komanso zosowa zilizonse za mankhwala kapena ziwengo, kapena ganizirani kuvala chibangili chodziwitsa zachipatala. Izi zitha kukhala zothandiza pothandiza oyamba kulandira chithandizo ngati mukufuna thandizo lachipatala ndipo palibe amene akudziwa vuto lanu pafupi.
• Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira: Kumwa mankhwala anu oletsa khunyu kungathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu ndi kuopsa kwake. Izi ndizofunikira kuti mupewe matenda a khunyu (SE). Ngakhale mutakhala bwino kapena simunakhalepo ndi khunyu kwa nthawi yayitali, simuyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala anu. Muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwalawo pokhapokha ngati dokotala wanu wakupatsani upangiri.
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zina: Ngati mukufuna kuchepetsa mankhwala anu kapena kusintha mankhwala ena, dokotala wanu angakuuzeni ngati n'kotheka komanso zomwe mungachite. Ngati n'zotheka kusiya kapena kusintha, dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kuchita izi mosamala.
• Pitani kwa dokotala wanu nthawi zonse: Dokotala wanu adzakonza nthawi yoti muwone. Maulendo amenewa ndi ofunikira kwambiri posamalira vuto lanu komanso kupeza mankhwala kapena chithandizo choyenera.
• Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro: Dokotala wanu angakuthandizeni kuzindikira zizindikiro zochenjeza zomwe zingachitike musanayambe kugwidwa ndi khunyu. Ngati muwona kusintha kulikonse mu zizindikiro zanu zokhudzana ndi khunyu kapena kugwira ntchito kwa mankhwala anu, muyenera kuuza dokotala wanu.
• Pewani zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu: Ngati muli ndi matenda omwe amawonjezera chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khunyu, monga magetsi owala kapena kusowa tulo, pewani zinthu zimenezo nthawi iliyonse yomwe zingatheke.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku Dipatimenti Yothandiza Anthu Odwala Pangozi (ETU) liti?

Matenda a epilepticus `(SE)` ndi vuto lachipatala. Ngati muli ndi matenda a epilepticus `(SE)`, simungaimbire 911 (Emergency Medical Service) nokha, kotero kukhala ndi wina woti achite zimenezo kungapangitse kusiyana kwakukulu. Ngati muli ndi mbiri ya matenda a epilepticus `(SE)` ndipo muli pachiwopsezo chobwereranso, zingakhale zothandiza kulankhula ndi banja lanu, okondedwa anu, ogwira nawo ntchito, ndi anzanu. Kuwadziwitsa nthawi yoti mupeze thandizo kungapulumutse moyo wanu kapena wa wina.

Ngati munthu amene muli naye ali ndi khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati wakhala ndi khunyu kangapo ndipo sanachire, imbani 1990 (Emergency Medical Service) kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi nthawi yomweyo. Munthu akalandira chithandizo cha matenda a khunyu mwachangu (SE), mwayi wopeza zotsatira zabwino umakhala wabwino.

Kodi ndingatani ngati munthu amene ndili naye ali ndi khunyu?

Ngati munthu amene muli naye akudwala khunyu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite ngati gawo la chithandizo choyamba cha khunyu. Ngati khunyu imatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati munthuyo adwala khunyu ina asanachire bwino, imbani 1990 (Emergency) kapena nambala yanu yadzidzidzi yapafupi nthawi yomweyo.

Nazi zinthu zina zomwe muyenera kuchita komanso zomwe simuyenera kuchita munthu akamadwala khunyu:

Zinthu zoti muchite:

• Onetsetsani ngati angathe kupuma: Masulani zovala zomwe zili pakhosi pake ndipo onetsetsani kuti akupuma.
• Sungani zinthu zoopsa kutali naye: Izi zikuphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zingasweke kapena kugwa ndikumuvulaza. Ngati wavala magalasi, achotseni mosamala ndikuwayika pafupi.
• Mutembenuzireni ku 'malo opulumutsira':Mutembenuzireni munthuyo chammbali. Izi zimathandiza kuteteza mpweya wake wolowera komanso zimamuletsa kupuma madzi monga malovu kapena kusanza. Yesetsani kusunga mutu wake motsatira msana wake (ndi dzanja lake lotambasula, pilo, kapena chinthu china pansi pa mutu wake), apo ayi ngodya ya khosi lake ingatseke mpweya wake wolowera ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma.
• Yerekezerani nthawi ya khunyu momwe mungathere: Kuuza dokotala nthawi yomwe khunyu inatenga kungakhale chidziwitso chofunikira kwambiri. Zingathandizenso kudziwa ngati pakufunika thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga.
• Khalani nawo pamene akuchira ku khunyu: Anthu omwe adadwala khunyu nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka komanso kuchita mantha akachira ku khunyu. Athandizeni kuwatonthoza ndi kuwalimbikitsa.
• Onani ngati munthuyo ali bwino akangochira: Ngati ali ndi kuvulala kulikonse atangoyamba kugwidwa ndi khunyu, onani ngati akufunika thandizo lachipatala. Ngati munthuyo wagunda mutu, kapena ngati pali chiopsezo chovulala mutu, khosi, kapena msana, chinthu chotetezeka kuchita ndikupita kuchipatala ndikuonetsetsa kuti palibe kuvulala kwakukulu komwe simungawone.
• Funani thandizo ngati munthuyo sakuchira mkati mwa mphindi 10-15: Ngati munthuyo sakuchira kwa mphindi zoposa 10-15 pambuyo poti khunyu latha, kapena ngati sakuchira, muyenera kufunafuna chithandizo chamankhwala mwachangu. Ichi chingakhale chizindikiro chakuti khunyu likupitirira, ngakhale thupi silikuyenda.

Zinthu zomwe simuyenera kuchita:

• Musachite Mantha: Khalani chete. Ngati ena omwe ali pafupi nanu akuchita mantha, lankhulani nawo modekha momwe mungathere ndipo yesetsani kuwatonthoza momwe mungathere.
• Musamaleze munthu amene akudwala khunyu: mungamuvulaze kapena kudzivulaza nokha.
• Musaike chilichonse mkamwa mwa munthu amene ali ndi khunyu: Pali nthano zambiri zokhudza khunyu ndi khunyu. Nthano imodzi ndi yakuti kuyika chinthu monga lamba kapena supuni mkamwa mwa munthu kudzamuletsa kumeza kapena kuluma lilime lake. Musachite izi. Simuyenera kuyika chilichonse mkamwa mwa munthu amene ali ndi khunyu. Mungavulaze iwo kapena inu nokha.

Ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati ndikumva ngati ndikudwala khunyu?

Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochenjeza akatsala pang'ono kugwidwa ndi khunyu. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mukugwidwa ndi khunyu, mungachite izi kuti mukonzekere ndikudziteteza:

• Dzitetezeni momwe mungathere: Khalani pansi kapena gonani kuti musagwe ndikudzivulaza. Ngati mukuchita zinthu monga kuyendetsa galimoto, kugwiritsa ntchito makina olemera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zida, muyeneranso kusiya kuchita zimenezo.
• Imbani munthu amene mumamudalira ndikupempha thandizo: muuzeni komwe muli komanso momwe angakupezereni.
• Ngati simungathe kulankhula ndi munthu amene mumamudziwa, uzani munthu wapafupi nanu: Pezani munthu amene ali ndi udindo kapena ulamuliro ndipo muuzeni kuti mukuganiza kuti mukudwala khunyu. Mwachitsanzo, mungauze apolisi, mlonda, mphunzitsi, kapena wantchito m'sitolo.

Chidule ndi Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba

Matenda a Epilepticus (SE) ndi matenda oopsa omwe amapha munthu omwe amachitika pamene khunyu imatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati palibe nthawi yokwanira yochira mokwanira kuchokera ku khunyu. Kukhala pachiwopsezo cha khunyu ndi matenda a epilepticus (SE), kapena kuona wokondedwa wanu akudwala khunyu kwa nthawi yayitali, kungakhale chifukwa cha nkhawa ndi mantha.

Komabe, anthu ambiri akalandira chithandizo mwachangu, amapulumuka ndikuchira ku vutoli. Ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chopitilira, mankhwala, ndi chithandizo china, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mbiri ya matenda a khunyu (SE) amatha kuchira ndikuyambiranso kukhala ndi moyo wawo.

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Kumbukirani, ngati wina ali ndi khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa 5 kapena sanabwererenso kuchira pakati pa khunyu, imbani 911 kapena chipatala chadzidzidzi nthawi yomweyo!

Kukomoka , matenda a khunyu, khunyu, ubongo, chithandizo chadzidzidzi, zizindikiro, thandizo loyamba