Kodi pali aliyense m'banja mwanu amene wakhala ndi khunyu lalikulu ngati limeneli? Tiyeni tiphunzire za khunyu la Tonic-Clonic (lomwe limadziwikanso kuti Grand Mal)!

Kodi munayamba mwawonapo munthu akugwedezeka mwadzidzidzi n’kutaya chidziwitso? Angatulutse madzi m’mphuno. Tonsefe timachita mantha tikaona chochitika chotere, sichoncho? Pali mitundu ingapo ya khunyu yomwe imachitika motere. Lero tikambirana za khunyu ya Tonic-Clonic (Grand Mal), yomwe ndi mtundu woopsa pang’ono koma wodziwika bwino wa khunyu pakati pa anthu ambiri. Tiyeni tiwone chomwe kwenikweni chili, chifukwa chake chimachitika, zizindikiro zake ndi ziti, komanso zomwe tiyenera kuchita ngati zili choncho.

Kodi chikonga cha tonic-clonic kapena grand mal ndi chiyani?

Mwachidule, khunyu la tonic-clonic ndi khunyu lalikulu lomwe minofu mbali zonse ziwiri za thupi lathu imayamba kugwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi ndikugwedezeka. Uwu ndi mtundu womwe anthu ambiri amaganiza akamva mawu oti "khunyu" ndipo umazindikirika mosavuta. Kale linkatchedwa "Grand Mal." Ndi mawu achifalansa omwe amatanthauza chinthu chonga "matenda aakulu."

Dzina lakuti "Tonic-Clonic" likusonyeza kuti khunyu ili lili ndi magawo awiri akuluakulu.

1. Gawo la Tonic: Apa ndi pamene minofu ya thupi lonse, makamaka manja ndi miyendo, imalimba mwadzidzidzi.

2. Gawo la Clonic: Izi zimatsatiridwa ndi kugwedezeka kwa thupi, kapena kugwedezeka.

Kodi khunyu ili likusiyana bwanji ndi mitundu ina ya khunyu ndi khunyu?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya khunyu. Zina mwa izo zili ndi mayina ofanana, zomwe zingasokoneze. Tiyeni tiwone kusiyana kwakukulu:

• Kukomoka kwa thupi: Kumatchedwanso kuti "kugwa kwa madontho," izi ndi kukomoka kwa minofu mwadzidzidzi komwe kumapangitsa munthu kugwa pansi. Izi zimawonjezera chiopsezo chovulala chifukwa cha kugwa.
• Kugwidwa ndi Tonic: Izi zimafanana ndi kugwidwa ndi tonic-clonic, koma gawo la clonic, kapena kugwedezeka, silimachitika. Munthuyo angataye chikumbumtima ndi kuuma, koma palibe kugwedezeka.
• Kugwidwa ndi matenda a clonic: Uku ndi kugwidwa ndi matenda komwe kumachitika popanda kutopa, ndipo mwadzidzidzi kumalowa mu gawo la clonic. Izi zikutanthauza kuti thupi silimalimba, koma m'malo mwake limayamba kugwedezeka ndipo lingataye chikumbumtima.
• Kugwidwa ndi khunyu la myoclonic: Uku ndi kugwedezeka mwadzidzidzi kwa gulu la minofu. Zili ngati kugwedezeka ndi magetsi. Ngati kukhudza miyendo, mungagwe. (Koma nayi nkhani yaying'ono: Tikagwedezeka mwadzidzidzi matupi athu tikagona, imatchedwa 'kugwedezeka kwa myoclonic.' Ndizabwinobwino, osati khunyu kapena khunyu. )
• Khunyu: Khunyu ndi vuto la muubongo lomwe limayambitsa khunyu pafupipafupi komanso mosamvetsetseka. Madokotala amazindikira khunyu mwa:Kawirikawiri izi zimachitika ngati mwakhala ndi khunyu losayembekezereka kawiri mkati mwa maola opitilira 24, kapena ngati mwakhala ndi khunyu kamodzi ndipo pali chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khunyu lina mkati mwa zaka 10 zikubwerazi.

Ndani amene amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi vutoli? Kodi ndi lofala bwanji?

Aliyense akhoza kudwala khunyu, koma ena amakhala ndi khunyu nthawi zambiri. Khunyu imapezeka kwambiri mwa ana aang'ono komanso anthu azaka zopitirira 65.

Ponseponse, pafupifupi 25% ya anthu omwe ali ndi khunyu amakhala ndi khunyu la tonic-clonic. Malinga ndi ziwerengero ku United States, pafupifupi 11% ya anthu adzakhala ndi khunyu m'moyo wawo wonse, ndipo pafupifupi 3% ya iwo adzapezeka ndi khunyu. Pafupifupi 1% ya odwala omwe amabwera kuzipatala zadzidzidzi ndi omwe amabwera chifukwa cha khunyu.

Kodi khunyu limeneli limakhudza bwanji thupi?

Khunyu ndi kusintha kapena kulephera kwa maselo athu a muubongo, otchedwa ma neuron, kutumiza mauthenga amagetsi. Pa khunyu, ma neuron amenewa amapitirizabe kugwira ntchito mosalamulirika, zomwe zimafalikira ku ma neuron ena.

Kugwidwa ndi tonic-clonic ndi 'kugwidwa ndi khunyu'. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kumakhudza mbali zonse ziwiri za ubongo. Izi zimapangitsa kuti munthu asadziwe bwino, kufooka kwa minofu m'thupi lonse, komanso mayendedwe osalamulirika monga kugwedezeka ndi kugwedezeka.

Matenda a Epilepticus - Izi ndi zoopsa!

Chofunika: Ngati munthu ali ndi khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati khunyu imodzi yatha ndipo ina ichitika asanabwerere ku chidziwitso, imatchedwa status epilepticus . Izi ndi ngozi yachipatala yomwe ingawononge moyo! Ingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha komanso imfa.

Pafupifupi 98% ya khunyu nthawi zambiri imatha pasanathe mphindi zisanu. Matenda a khunyu amatha chifukwa chilichonse chomwe chingayambitse khunyu.

Ngati wina ali ndi khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa 5 muli komweko, kapena ngati lina lachitika lisanathe loyamba, chonde imbani 1990 (ambulansi yadzidzidzi ya ku Sri Lanka) nthawi yomweyo, kapena mupite naye kuchipatala chapafupi. Ngati vuto la khunyu limatenga nthawi yayitali, zimakhala zovuta kuti madokotala alithetse, ndipo pali mwayi waukulu woti ubongo uwonongeke.

Kodi zizindikiro za khunyu la tonic-clonic ndi ziti?

Anthu ambiri akamaganiza za "kugwidwa," amaganiza za kugwidwa ndi tonic-clonic. Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofatsa komanso zosavuta kuzizindikira. Pali magawo atatu akuluakulu:

1. Gawo la Tonic (pafupifupi masekondi 10-30):

• Pankhaniyi, mwadzidzidzi mumataya chidziwitso.
• Minofu ya thupi lonse, makamaka manja ndi miyendo, imakhala yolimba. Zingaoneke ngati thupi lawerama chammbuyo ndipo mimba ikutuluka.
• Pamene minofu yopumira ikulimba, mpweya umatuluka m'mapapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mluzu umveke.
• Ngati mugwa panthawiyi, kapena ngati mukuluma mano anu ndi kuluma lilime lanu , mutha kuvulala.

2. Gawo la Clonic (masekondi 30-60, nthawi zina kupitirira apo):

• Apa ndi pamene thupi lonse limayamba kugwedezeka ndi kunjenjemera (kugwedezeka).
• Mukhozanso kutulutsa mamina mkamwa mwanu.
• Phokoso likuchepa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pang'onopang'ono limasiya.
• Pofika kumapeto kwa gawoli, mkodzo ndi ndowe zimatha kutulutsidwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti zimatha kukwera zovala.

3. Gawo lochira pambuyo pa khunyu (pafupifupi mphindi 30):

• Anthu ambiri pang'onopang'ono amabwerera m'maganizo akatha khunyu.
• Koma mungamve kusokonezeka, mutu ukupweteka, kapena thupi lanu limapweteka . Izi ndi zachilendo.
• Pa milandu ina yoopsa, makamaka ngati vuto monga `Status epilepticus` lachitika, zingatenge nthawi yaitali kuti munthu abwererenso ku chikumbumtima.

Kodi khunyu ndi aura ndi chiyani?

Anthu ambiri amamva ngati akulota, asanayambe kugwidwa ndi khunyu. Izi zimatchedwa `prodrome`. Nthawi zina kugwidwa ndi khunyu kumeneku kumatha kutsagana ndi `aura`. Aura ndi momwe ziwalo zina za ubongo zimakhudzidwira khunyu ikayamba.

Matenda a khunyu omwe amakhudza mbali imodzi ya ubongo, monga matenda a khunyu, alibe aura. Komabe, matenda a khunyu omwe amakhudza mbali imodzi yokha ya ubongo, nthawi zina amatha kufalikira ku ubongo wonse ndikukhala khunyu la khunyu la khunyu. Aura yomwe isanachitike khunyu la khunyu lingakhale chizindikiro chochenjeza kuti khunyu la khunyu la khunyu likubwera.

Aura ikhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe awa:

• Zizindikiro za kumva: Ngati ziwalo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira kumva kwanu zakhudzidwa, mutha kumva zinthu zabodza zomwe mukuwona kapena kumva. Mwachitsanzo, mutha kuwona magetsi amitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuwona zinthu zikuyenda, kumva mawu, kumva kukoma ndi fungo lachilendo, kapena kumva china chake chikuyenda pakhungu lanu.
• Kusintha kwa malingaliro: Anthu ena angakumane ndi malingaliro oipa monga mantha ndi nkhawa. Ena angakumane ndi malingaliro abwino monga chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo. Ena angakumane ndi malingaliro monga `déjá vu` (kumva kuti wadziwa zomwe wakumana nazo zatsopano) kapena `jamais vu` (kumva kuti wadziwa zomwe wakumana nazo zatsopano).
• Zizindikiro zodziyimira pawokha: Izi zimatha kukhudza zinthu zomwe thupi lathu limazilamulira lokha. Mwachitsanzo, thukuta, malovu ambiri, khungu lotuwa kapena lofiira, komanso kukwiya m'mimba.

Kodi n’chiyani chimayambitsa matenda a khunyu a tonic-clonic?

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa kugunda kumeneku. Tiyeni tiwone zazikuluzikulu:

• Zofooka m'mitsempha yamagazi ya ubongo (`Aneurysms`).
• Kusayenda bwino kwa kugunda kwa mtima (`Arrhythmias`), makamaka pamene magazi akulowa mu ubongo akulephera kuyenda bwino.
• Zotupa za muubongo (za khansa komanso zopanda khansa).
• Kusowa kwa mpweya wokwanira ku ubongo (`cerebral hypoxia`).
• Kuvulala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kumenyedwa mutu mwamphamvu (kugunda kwa mutu ndi kuvulala koopsa kwa ubongo).
• Matenda omwe amafooketsa ubongo pang'onopang'ono, mwachitsanzo matenda a Alzheimer's, frontotemporal dementia.
• Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mowa (izi sizikuphatikizapo mankhwala okha, mankhwala osangalatsa, komanso ngakhale caffeine yomwe ili mu khofi).
• Mavuto omwe amabwera munthu akasiya kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kapena mowa.
• Eclampsia (vuto limene amayi apakati amakhala nalo chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi).
• Kusalingana kwa mchere m'thupi (makamaka sodium yochepa - `hyponatremia`, calcium yochepa, magnesium).
• Malungo, makamaka malungo aakulu (tili ndi nkhani yosiyana yokhudza kugwidwa ndi malungo kwa ana).
• Kuwala kowala, kowala (monga momwe kumaonekera pa TV, mafilimu, masewera a pakompyuta).
• Matenda obadwa nawo a majini ('Matenda a majini').
• Kusintha kwa mahomoni (monga khunyu, vuto lomwe akazi ena amakumana nalo nthawi zambiri akamasamba).
• Matenda (makamaka encephalitis kapena meningitis; izi zitha kuyambitsidwa ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kapena bowa).
• Matenda a autoimmune omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a chitetezo chamthupi.
• Kusowa tulo ndi mavuto ena ogona.
• Mavuto a kagayidwe kachakudya (makamaka shuga wambiri m'magazi - `hyperglycemia` kapena shuga wotsika m'magazi - `hypoglycemia`).
• Mavuto amisala (izi zimatchedwa `psychogenic epilepsy`, mwachitsanzo `conversion disorder`).
• Mavuto ndi kapangidwe ka ubongo (makamaka chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amachitika ubongo ukukula m'mimba).
• Sepsis (vuto lomwe limayambitsa imfa pomwe matenda amafalikira m'thupi lonse ndipo chitetezo cha mthupi chimayankha mopitirira muyeso).
• Matenda a sitiroko kapena matenda a ischemic osakhalitsa (TIAs).
• Poizoni (monga poizoni wa carbon monoxide, poizoni wa zitsulo zolemera).

Khunyu lokwiya komanso losakwiya

Madokotala akazindikira kuti munthu wagwidwa ndi khunyu, amaonanso ngati munthuyo ‘wakwiya’ kapena ‘wosakwiya’.

• Khunyu loyambitsa matenda: Izi zimachitika ngati chizindikiro cha matenda ena kapena chifukwa cha chochitika china (monga kutentha thupi kwambiri, shuga wotsika m'magazi, kusiya kumwa mankhwala, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, kapena mowa).
• Khunyu losayembekezereka: Izi ndi khunyu zomwe sizimachitika ngati chizindikiro cha matenda a nthawi yochepa kapena chochitika china chake. Khunyu lomwe limachitika patatha masiku asanu ndi awiri, monga kuvulala mutu kapena sitiroko, limagweranso m'gululi.

Kodi matenda a tonic-clonic ndi opatsirana?

Ayi, matenda a tonic-clonic suli opatsirana.Komabe, zinthu zina, monga matenda omwe amayambitsa khunyu, zimatha kupatsirana (ngakhale kuti si matenda onse omwe amayambitsa khunyu). Komanso, matenda ena omwe amayambitsa khunyu ndi majini (akhoza kupatsirana kuchokera kwa makolo kupita kwa ana).

Kodi matendawa otchedwa tonic-clonic seizure amapezedwa bwanji?

Dokotala wanu, nthawi zambiri katswiri wa mitsempha, nthawi zambiri amatha kuzindikira khunyu la tonic-clonic kutengera zizindikiro zake. Chifukwa chakuti mumataya chikumbumtima panthawi ya khunyu, mungakumbukire zomwe mudamva musanayambe komanso mutatha khunyu. Zikatero, dokotalayo angafunse munthu amene anali nanu kuti afotokoze zomwe zinachitika.

Ngati mukuona munthu akudwala khunyu, makamaka ngati ali wolimba, akugwedezeka, kapena akunjenjemera, dokotala angakufunseni kuti mufotokoze zizindikiro zake. Kumuuza zomwe mukuwona kungathandize kwambiri kudziwa chomwe chikuyambitsa khunyu.

Ndi mayeso amtundu wanji omwe amachitidwa?

Pali mayeso angapo oti mudziwe ngati muli ndi matenda a tonic-clonic kapena ayi. Mayeso odziwika kwambiri ndi awa:

• Electroencephalogram (EEG): Iyi imayesa ntchito yamagetsi ya ubongo.
• Kuyezetsa magazi: Izi zimayang'ana zinthu monga matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya m'thupi, kusalingana kwa mankhwala m'magazi, mavuto a chitetezo chamthupi, ndi poizoni.
• Kujambula kwa tomography ya pakompyuta (CT scan): Kujambula zithunzi za ubongo m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
• Kujambula zithunzi za ubongo pogwiritsa ntchito maginito (MRI): Izi zimatenganso zithunzi za ubongo mwatsatanetsatane.
• Kuboola msana (kuboola msana): Kufufuza zinthu monga matenda mu ubongo ndi msana.

Akamapeza matenda a khunyu, madokotala amayesa kupeza malo enaake muubongo ('focal point') komwe khunyu limayambira. Ngati angapeze malowa, zimakhudza kwambiri momwe chithandizo chimachitikira.

Kugwidwa ndi khunyu kungayambitse kutaya chidziwitso, kuluma nsagwada, komanso chiopsezo chovulala chifukwa chogunda kapena kugunda zinthu. Ngati madokotala akukayikira kuti pali kuvulala kwina kapena mavuto ena chifukwa cha khunyu, angafune mayeso ena kuwonjezera pa omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa. Dokotala wanu adzatha kukuuzani mayeso oyenera matenda anu komanso chifukwa chake akuchitidwa.

Kodi matenda a khunyu a tonic-clonic amachiritsidwa bwanji? Kodi matendawa angachiritsidwe?

Matenda a khunyu nthawi zambiri amatha okha. Chifukwa chake, palibe chithandizo chachindunji cha khunyu pamene ikuchitika. Komabe, zimakhala zosiyana ngati muli ndi vuto la khunyu (khunyu lomwe limatenga mphindi zoposa 5 ndipo limatsatiridwa ndi lina lisanathe loyamba).

Chithandizo cha khunyu chimadalira chomwe chinayambitsa khunyu poyamba. Ngati muli ndi khunyu loyambitsa khunyu, khunyu liyenera kutha pokhapokha ngati vuto lomwe linayambitsa khunyu lachiritsidwa kapena lachira. Ngati chifukwa chake sichingathe kuchiritsidwa, madokotala adzayesa kuchepetsa kuchuluka ndi kuopsa kwa khunyu.

Madokotala nthawi zambiri samalimbikitsa kuchiza khunyu koyamba kosayembekezereka chifukwa palibe njira yodziwira ngati khunyu lina lidzachitikanso, ndipo ngati ndi choncho, palibe chifukwa chochiritsira.

Madokotala amatha kudziwa ngati muli pachiwopsezo chogwidwa ndi khunyu kachiwiri poyang'ana mbiri yanu yachipatala, EEG, CT scan, kapena MRI scan.

Ndi mitundu iti ya mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito?

Monga mitundu yonse ya khunyu, pali njira zambiri zochizira khunyu zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu. Anthu ena amatha kuchepetsa khunyu lawo ndi mankhwala amodzi okha. Ena angafunike kuphatikiza mankhwala ndi mankhwala ena.

Zina mwa njira zochizira khunyu zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu ndi tonic-clonic ndi izi:

• Mankhwala: Pali mankhwala a IV omwe angaperekedwe kuti athetse khunyu; komabe, nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa kokha ngati munthu ali ndi vuto la khunyu. Palinso mapiritsi omwe amamwedwa tsiku lililonse kuti apewe khunyu kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwake. Awa ndi mankhwala oyamba operekedwa chifukwa cha khunyu.
• Opaleshoni ya khunyu: Ngati mankhwala sagwira ntchito, nthawi zina opaleshoni imatha kuchitidwa kuti athetse khunyu pochotsa gawo la ubongo (malo ofunikira) kumene khunyu imayambira, kapena polipatula ku mbali zina za ubongo. Ngati khunyu ipitirira ngakhale mutamwa mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala oletsa khunyu pa mlingo woyenera, madokotala angalimbikitse opaleshoni ya khunyu.
• Kusintha zakudya: Zakudya zokhala ndi ma carbohydrate ochepa kapena zopanda ma carbohydrate (`ketogenic diet`) nthawi zina zimatha kuletsa khunyu kwathunthu kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu. Ngakhale kuti zakudya izi zimakhala zovuta kutsatira, zitha kukhala zothandiza kwa anthu omwe sanayankhe mankhwala kapena omwe ali ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa chifukwa cha mankhwala. Ndi njira inanso kwa anthu omwe sakufuna kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
• Kulimbikitsa ubongo: Izi zimaphatikizapo kulowetsa chipangizo chaching'ono mu ubongo ndikupereka mphamvu yamagetsi ku ubongo. Mphamvu iyi imasokoneza ntchito yamagetsi ya khunyu ndikuyesera kuyimitsa. Pakadali pano pali njira ziwiri, kulimbikitsa ubongo kwambiri ndi kulimbitsa mitsempha yamagazi.
• Kulimbikitsa mitsempha ya m'chiuno: Mitsempha yathu ya khumi ya cranial, mitsempha ya m'chiuno, imalumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi ubongo. Kulimbikitsa kwamagetsi kwa mbali yakumanzere ya mitsempha iyi kungathandize kuchepetsa kugwidwa ndi khunyu pafupipafupi.

Kodi pali zotsatirapo kapena zovuta zilizonse za chithandizocho?

Zotsatirapo zake ndi zovuta zake zimadalira chithandizocho, mbiri yanu ya thanzi komanso matenda anu, komanso mtundu wa khunyu yomwe muli nayo. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zambiri za izi. Angakuuzeninso zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo komanso momwe mungachepetsere zotsatira zake.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji ndikusamalira zizindikiro zanga?

Musamachiritse khunyu nokha, poganiza kuti ndi khunyu chabe. Khunyu nthawi zambiri limakhala chizindikiro cha matenda aakulu omwe amakhudza ubongo. Popeza khunyu la tonic-clonic limayambitsa kutaya chidziwitso, simungadziwe zomwe zinachitika panthawi ya khunyu.

Ngati inu kapena munthu amene muli naye pafupi ali ndi khunyu koyamba, ndikofunikira kwambiri kuonana ndi dokotala. Dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito yake akhoza kufufuza zizindikiro za khunyu ndi zomwe zingayambike.

Nanga bwanji ngati wina ali ndi khunyu pamene ine ndili komweko?

Ngati wina ali ndi khunyu muli komweko, pali njira zina zothandizira oyamba zomwe mungachite. Nazi zinthu zina zomwe mungachite ndi zomwe simuyenera kuchita:

Zinthu Zoyenera Kuchita (Zochita):

• Onani ngati angathe kupuma. Masulani zovala zomwe zili pakhosi pake.
• Chotsani zinthu zoopsa zomwe zili pafupi naye. Chotsani zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingasweke kapena chilichonse chomwe chingamugwere. Ngati wavala magalasi, achotseni mosamala ndipo muwaike pambali.
• Mutembenuzireni kumbali yake (malo opulumutsira). Malo amenewa amapangitsa kuti kupuma kukhale kosavuta ndipo amaletsa malovu kapena kusanza kulowa mu mpweya wopumira .
• Yesetsani kulemba nthawi yonse yomwe khunyu layamba. Izi zitha kukhala zofunika kwambiri kwa dokotala. Zingathandizenso kudziwa ngati pakufunika thandizo lachipatala mwadzidzidzi.
• Khalani ndi munthuyo akamaliza kukomoka mpaka atachira. Munthu amene wakhala ndi kukomoka angamve kusokonezeka komanso mantha akachira. Mutonthozeni ndi kumulimbikitsa.
• Akachira, yang'anani ngati ali bwino. Yang'anani ngati ali ndi kuvulala kulikonse chifukwa cha khunyu komanso ngati akufunika thandizo lachipatala. Ngati wagunda mutu, kapena ngati mukuganiza kuti wavulala pakhosi kapena msana, ndibwino kwambiri kupita kuchipatala. Kenako tikhoza kuyang'ana ngati pali kuvulala kwakukulu komwe sitingathe kuona.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la khunyu, imbani kuti akuthandizeni. Ngati khunyu limatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati lina lachitika lisanathe loyamba, imbani 1990 (ambulansi yadzidzidzi ya ku Sri Lanka) nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikuika moyo pachiswe!

Musachite izi:

• Musayese kumugwira kapena kumulola kuti asunthe. Inu kapena munthu winayo mungavulale.
• Musaike chilichonse mkamwa mwanu. Pali nthano zambiri zokhudza khunyu. Choyamba ndi chakuti muyenera kuyika chinthu monga supuni kapena lamba mkamwa mwanu kuti musalume lilime lanu. Chonde musachite zimenezo.Si bwino kuika chilichonse mkamwa mwa munthu amene akudwala khunyu. Mutha kudzivulaza nokha kapena munthu winayo.
• Musadandaule. Khalani chete. Ngati anthu omwe ali pafupi nanu akuda nkhawa, yesani kuwatonthozanso.

Kodi ndidzakhala bwino nthawi yayitali bwanji nditatha kulandira chithandizo?

Nthawi yochira imadalira chithandizo chomwe chaperekedwa komanso chomwe chinayambitsa khunyu. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni zambiri za izi, nthawi yomwe zidzatenge, komanso nthawi yomwe mudzamve bwino.

Kodi ndingachepetse bwanji chiopsezo cha izi? Kodi khunyu lingapewedwe?

Popeza aliyense akhoza kugwidwa ndi khunyu pazifukwa zoyenera, n'zosatheka kupewa khunyu kwathunthu. Komabe, anthu ena amakhala ndi khunyu nthawi zambiri. Chifukwa chake, pali zinthu zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.

Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi khunyu ndi izi:

• Idyani zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kukhala ndi thupi labwino. Izi zingathandize kupewa matenda a magazi (monga sitiroko) ndi kusalinganika kwa ma electrolyte.
• Musanyalanyaze matenda. Kuchiza matenda kungachepetse chiopsezo cha khunyu, kaya chifukwa cha matenda kapena malungo aakulu okhudzana nawo.
• Valani zida zodzitetezera. Zipewa ndi malamba achitetezo zingathandize kupewa khunyu lomwe limabwera chifukwa cha kuvulala mutu.
• Musagwiritse ntchito molakwika mowa, mankhwala, kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kugwiritsa ntchito kapena kusiya izi kungayambitse khunyu. Ngati muli ndi chizolowezi chomwa mowa kapena mankhwala osokoneza bongo, dokotala wa banja lanu angakuthandizeni kupeza malo ndi ntchito zapadera zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchotsa vutoli.
• Konzani thanzi lanu. Kukomoka kumatha kuchitika mwachindunji ndi matenda osatha kapena matenda ena okhudzana ndi khunyu. Mwachitsanzo, ngati muli ndi matenda a shuga (mtundu woyamba wa shuga kapena mtundu wachiwiri wa shuga), chepetsani kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi mwanu.
• Pewani zinthu zomwe zingayambitse khunyu. Anthu omwe adadwala khunyu kale chifukwa cha zinthu monga magetsi owala ayenera kupewa zinthu zotere momwe angathere.

Ngati ndakhala ndi vuto la tonic-clonic khunyu kamodzi kapena zingapo, kodi ndiyenera kuyembekezera chiyani?

Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe adagwidwa ndi khunyu losayambitsa matenda adzadwalanso lina. Pafupifupi 75% ya anthu omwe adagwidwa ndi khunyu lachiwiri adzakhala ndi zambiri. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amazindikira khunyu lachiwiri losayambitsa matenda ngati khunyu ndipo amayamba kulandira chithandizo chake.

Kwa iwo omwe akuyamba kumwa mankhwala, kungakhale kofunikira kuyesa mankhwala angapo, kapena kuphatikiza mankhwala, m'malo momwa mankhwala amodzi okha. Ngakhale ngati mankhwala sathandiza, palinso mankhwala ena omwe angathandize kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa khunyu komanso kuopsa kwake.

Kodi vutoli lidzatha liti?

Kaya khunyu 'yoyambitsa' idzatha kapena ayi zimadalira ngati matenda kapena vuto lomwe limayambitsa khunyu lingathe kuchiritsidwa. Kwa anthu ambiri, vuto lenileni likatha, khunyu silidzachitikanso, pokhapokha litabweranso.

Khunyu ndi vuto lomwe limakhalapo kwa moyo wonse chifukwa silingathe kuchiritsidwa. Komabe, nthawi zina, chomwe chimayambitsa khunyu chimatha kuchiritsidwa. Mukatero, ndipo mutha kukhalabe ndi khunyu, vuto lanu limanenedwa kuti "likuchira."

Kodi chiyembekezo cha matendawa ndi chiyani?

Pa matenda a khunyu omwe ayambitsidwa ndi tonic-clonic, nthawi yodziwira matendawa imadalira vuto lomwe limayambitsa matendawa. Ngati vutoli lingathe kuchiritsidwa, ndipo mwalandira chithandizo msanga, nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala abwino. Dokotala wanu angakuuzeni bwino momwe matendawa alili komanso zomwe mungachite.

Ngakhale kuti khunyu loyambitsidwa ndi matenda okhazikika kapena aakulu (monga khansa, kuwonongeka kwa ubongo kosatha) nthawi zina limatha kuchiritsidwa, nthawi zambiri matendawa amakhala oipa chifukwa cha chomwe chimayambitsa. Khunyu loyambitsidwa ndi majini ndi matenda obadwa nawo limakhalanso ndi vuto loipa.

Chiyembekezo cha khunyu losayembekezereka chimadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo vuto lenileni, kuopsa kwa khunyu, kuchuluka kwa nthawi zomwe zimachitika, komanso ngati chithandizo chikuthandiza.

Imfa yodzidzimutsa ya khunyu (SUDEP)

SUDEP ndi matenda osowa omwe angakhudze aliyense amene ali ndi khunyu, koma sachitika kawirikawiri akalandira chithandizo. Munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 150 omwe ali ndi khunyu yosachiritsidwa ali pachiwopsezo cha matenda a SUDEP, poyerekeza ndi munthu m'modzi mwa anthu 1,000 omwe ali ndi khunyu yochiritsidwa.

Akatswiri sakudziwabe chifukwa chake SUDEP imachitika. Kufotokozera bwino pakadali pano ndikuti imayamba chifukwa cha mavuto a mtima kapena kupuma omwe angachitike limodzi ndi khunyu.

Kodi ndimadzisamalira bwanji?

Ngati mudakumanapo ndi khunyu la tonic-clonic kamodzi, ndi bwino kudziwa chochita ngati muli ndi khunyu lina. Ngati mwakumananso ndi khunyu kapena ngati muli ndi vuto la matenda lomwe lingayambitse khunyu, pitani kwa dokotala mwamsanga.

Ngati dokotala wanu atsimikiza kuti muli ndi khunyu, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse vutoli:

• Imwani mankhwala anu monga mwalangizidwira. Ndikofunikira kupitiriza kumwa mankhwala anu, ngakhale mutakhala bwino. Muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala anu mukangolankhula ndi dokotala wanu komanso ngati akukuuzani kuti mutero.
• Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za njira zomwe mungasankhe. Ngati mukufuna kuchepetsa mankhwala anu kapena kusintha mankhwala ena, lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu. Iye angakutsogolereni momwe mungachitire izi mosamala komanso njira zomwe zilipo.
• Pitani kwa dokotala monga momwe zakonzedwera.Kukumana ndi dokotala n'kofunika kwambiri kuti musamavutike ndi vuto lanu, kuliyang'anira, komanso kuona ngati mankhwala ndi chithandizo chanu zikugwira ntchito bwino.
• Musanyalanyaze zizindikiro zake. Kuzindikira msanga ndi kulandira chithandizo kungathandize kwambiri pochiza khunyu ndi khunyu.

Kodi ndiyenera kupita ku chipinda chadzidzidzi liti?

Ngati mwakumana ndi vuto lomwe mwataya chikumbumtima ndipo simukudziwa chifukwa chake, muyenera kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa. Anthu ambiri amakhala ndi anthu pafupi nawo akagwidwa ndi khunyu koyamba, koma si aliyense amene amakhala nalo. Ngati muli nokha ndipo mukuganiza kuti mukugwidwa ndi khunyu koyamba, muyenera kuonana ndi dokotala nthawi yomweyo.

Ngati munthu amene akudwala khunyu akudziwa kuti ali ndi khunyu, nthawi zambiri sikofunikira kuyimbira ambulansi. Komabe, ngati khunyuyo yayambitsa kuvulala, angafunike thandizo lachipatala.

Kodi ndiyenera kupempha thandizo liti?

Ngati wina ali ndi khunyu pamene inu muli pomwepo, kumbukirani zinthu izi:

• Ngati iyi ndi nthawi yake yoyamba kugwidwa ndi khunyu, funani thandizo. Aliyense amene wagwidwa ndi khunyu koyamba, kaya akukayikiridwa kapena kutsimikizika, ayenera kuyesedwa ndi dokotala. Kugwidwa ndi khunyu nthawi zambiri ndi chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu la thanzi.
• Ngati muli ndi vuto la khunyu, funani thandizo. Ngati khunyu limatenga mphindi zoposa zisanu, kapena ngati lina lichitika lisanathe loyamba, imbani 1990 (ambulansi yadzidzidzi ya ku Sri Lanka) nthawi yomweyo. Izi zikuika moyo pachiswe! Ngati simukuchira kapena kuyankha bwino kwa mphindi zoposa 10-15 khunyu itasiya, muyenera kufunafuna thandizo ladzidzidzi. Izi zitha kukhala chizindikiro chakuti khunyu ikupitirirabe muubongo, ngakhale kuti mwina simukuyenda.

Ngati ndili ndi khunyu, kodi ndi bwino kutenga mimba ndikumwa mankhwala?

Azimayi omwe ali ndi khunyu nthawi zambiri amatha kubereka ana. Komabe, mankhwala ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza khunyu si abwino kumwa panthawi ya mimba, chifukwa amatha kusokoneza kukula kwa mwana m'mimba.

Mwamwayi, pali mankhwala ena omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kwakanthawi panthawi ya mimba, kapena nthawi ina panthawiyo. Munthu wabwino kwambiri woti mulankhule naye za izi ndi dokotala wanu. Iye akhoza kukupatsani malangizo mwachindunji kapena kukutumizirani kwa katswiri.

Pomaliza, zinthu zoti muzikumbukira (Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba)

Matenda a khunyu otchedwa Tonic-clonic ndi mtundu wa khunyu womwe ndi wosavuta kuzindikira ndipo nthawi zambiri umawopsa. Ndizachibadwa kumva mantha mukamawaona kapena mukakhala nawo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri, amasiya okha pakatha mphindi zochepa. Ngakhale kuti amatha kuchitika pazifukwa zambiri, khunyu nthawi zambiri zimatha, makamaka ngati vuto lomwe limayambitsa matendawa lachiritsidwa. Matendawa akachitika ndi khunyu, pali njira zambiri zowachiritsira. Ndi chithandizo chogwira mtima, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khunyu - ngakhale omwe ali ndi khunyu - amatha kukhala ndi moyo wosangalala, wopambana, komanso wokhutiritsa.

Choncho, ngati inu kapena munthu amene mumamudziwa ali ndi vuto ndi chinthu chonga ichi, musaope kufunafuna upangiri wa dokotala. Chithandizo chachangu chingathandize zinthu zambiri kukhala zabwino.

Kugwidwa ndi khunyu, khunyu, zizindikiro za khunyu, thandizo loyamba la khunyu, matenda a khunyu, zomwe zimayambitsa khunyu