Kodi cholesterol ndi chiyani?

Mwina mwamvapo za cholesterol kwinakwake, eti? Mwina dokotala wanu anakuuzani za iyo , kapena mwaiwona m'nyuzipepala kapena pa TV. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti cholesterol ndi chinthu choipa m'matupi athu. Koma kodi zimenezo ndi zoona?

Kodi cholesterol imalowa bwanji m'thupi lathu?

Mwachidule, cholesterol ndi mtundu wa mafuta m'thupi lathu. Mwasayansi, ndi "lipid". Popeza mafuta awa sasungunuka m'madzi, samasungunuka m'magazi athu, koma amayenda m'magazi kupita ku gawo lililonse la thupi. Tangoganizani, cholesterol ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti thupi lathu ligwire ntchito bwino. Ili ndi ntchito zingapo m'thupi lathu:

• Cholesterol imathandiza kumanga khoma loteteza ku maselo ang'onoang'ono kwambiri m'thupi lathu, otchedwa ma cell membranes . Ma cell membranes amenewa amalamulira zomwe zimalowa mu cell ndi zomwe zimatuluka mu cell. Monga chipata.
• Cholesterol imathandiza chiwindi chathu kupanga ndulu . Monga mukudziwa, ndulu iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti chakudya chomwe timadya chigayidwe bwino.
• Komanso, cholesterol imafunika kuti pakhale mahomoni ena omwe matupi athu amapanga, makamaka mahomoni ogonana , ndi vitamini D.

Mukuona? Cholesterol si chinthu choipa chokha. Imathandiza matupi athu kuchita zinthu zambiri zofunika.

Ngati cholesterol ndi yofunika, n’chifukwa chiyani tikuda nkhawa kwambiri nayo?

Inde, matupi athu amafunikira cholesterol kuti agwire ntchito. Komabe, vuto limakhalapo pamene tili ndi cholesterol yochuluka m'matupi mwathu. Monga momwe timadyera chakudya, ngati tidya zambiri kuposa zomwe timafunikira, timadwala. Mofananamo, pamene cholesterol ili yokwera, ndiko kuti, pamene cholesterol m'magazi ili yokwera kuposa kuchuluka kovomerezeka (hyperlipidemia) kapena pamene mitundu ya mafuta m'thupi ili yosalinganika (dyslipidemia), tingakhale ndi mavuto aakulu azaumoyo. Makamaka, chiopsezo chotenga matenda a mtima , ndiko kuti, matenda a mitsempha ya mtima, ndi chachikulu kwambiri.

Ndipotu, pafupifupi 80% ya cholesterol yomwe thupi lathu limafunikira imapangidwa ndi chiwindi chathu. Yotsalayo imachokera ku zakudya zomwe timadya. Nthawi zambiri, matupi athu amatha kusefa cholesterol yochulukirapo kuchokera muzakudya izi. Koma nthawi zina, njirayi sigwira ntchito bwino, kapena kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komwe timadya kuchokera muzakudya zomwe timadya kumakhala kochulukirapo kwambiri moti sitingathe kupirira.

Ndiye kodi cholesterol yochulukirapo imalowa bwanji m'thupi?

Pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo za izi.

• Zifukwa za majini:Anthu ena ali ndi vuto la majini lotchedwa " Familial Hypercholesterolemia ". Munthu amene ali ndi vutoli amavutika kuchotsa cholesterol yosafunikira m'magazi moyenera. Pakapita nthawi, cholesterol imachulukana m'magazi ndipo milingo imakwera.
• Zakudya zathu: Chinthu china chofunikira ndi chakudya chomwe timadya . Zakudya zina zomwe timadya zimatha kukweza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lathu. Vutoli limatha kuchitika tikamadya mafuta ambiri ochokera ku nyama (monga nyama, mkaka, tchizi, batala) ndi mafuta opangidwa kuchokera ku nyama (nthawi zambiri amapezeka muzakudya zokonzedwa, zakudya zopakidwa m'matumba, ndi zakudya zofulumira). Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kusamala ndi zomwe timadya.

Kodi cholesterol imayenda bwanji m'magazi athu?

Cholesterol imapezeka pafupifupi mu selo iliyonse m'thupi lathu. Koma nthawi zambiri timalankhula ndi kumva za cholesterol m'magazi. Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, cholesterol singathe kuyenda m'magazi yokha. Chifukwa chake, iyenera kusakanikirana ndi tinthu tina. Chifukwa chake, cholesterol imasakanikirana ndi mapuloteni ndi mtundu wina wa mafuta wotchedwa triglycerides . Timati tinthu tapaderati tomwe timapangidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa cholesterol, mapuloteni, ndi triglycerides ndi lipoprotein .

Kodi ma lipoprotein awa ndi chiyani?

Ganizirani za lipoproteins ngati magalimoto ang'onoang'ono opangidwa ndi mafuta ndi mapuloteni. Magalimoto amenewa amatha kuyenda m'thupi lonse kudzera m'magazi. Mwanjira ina, ali ngati maboti omwe amanyamula katundu kuchokera mumzinda wina kupita ku wina. Maboti ena amanyamula chakudya ndi zinthu zina zofunika kumzinda. Pali mtundu wina wa boti womwe umanyamula zinyalala kuchokera mumzinda.

Ndi chimodzimodzi mkati mwa matupi athu. Pali ma lipoprotein enaake omwe amanyamula cholesterol kupita ku minofu ndi maselo osiyanasiyana m'thupi. Cholesterol iyi ndi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi. Koma ikachuluka kwambiri, imakhala yoipa. Ndicho chifukwa chake timafunikira mitundu ina ya lipoproteins yomwe imatenga cholesterol yochulukirapo ndikuichotsa.

Mwina mwamvapo za ma lipoprotein awa ndi mayina awo. Nthawi zambiri amatchedwa LDL cholesterol ndi HDL cholesterol. Iyi ndi mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya cholesterol. Koma pali mitundu ina. Choncho tiyeni tiwone bwino lomwe mitundu iyi ya cholesterol ndi zomwe imachita m'thupi.

Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cholesterol yomwe timafunsa ndi iti?

Pali mitundu ingapo ya cholesterol m'thupi lathu. Kuyesa komwe kumayang'ana cholesterol m'magazi anu kumatchedwa lipid profile.Ngati muchita chimodzi, mudzawona kuti mitundu ingapo ya cholesterol yalembedwa mu lipotilo. Mukadziwa tanthauzo la mtundu uliwonse, zidzakhala zosavuta kuti mulankhule ndi dokotala wanu za cholesterol.

Cholesterol ya LDL - kodi iyi ndi cholesterol yotchedwa "yoyipa"?

Cholesterol ya LDL imayimira Low-Density Lipoproteins . Tinthu tating'onoting'ono timeneti timapangidwa makamaka ndi cholesterol. Ntchito ya ma LDL awa ndikunyamula cholesterol kupita ku maselo a thupi. Ma LDL amadziwika kuti "cholesterol yoyipa" . Chifukwa chiyani zili choncho?

LDL ndi yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu. Koma vuto limakhalapo pamene ikuyenda kwambiri m'magazi. Kenako cholesterol iyi ya LDL, pamodzi ndi zinthu zina, imayamba kusonkhana m'mitsempha yathu yamagazi, kutanthauza, m'makoma a mitsempha yathu. Timatcha mafuta okhuthala omwe amapangidwa mwanjira iyi kuti 'plaque' . Pakapita nthawi, plaque iyi imakula pang'onopang'ono, kuchepetsa malo mkati mwa mitsempha. Kusonkhanitsa plaque m'makoma a mitsempha mwanjira iyi kumatchedwa atherosclerosis . Matendawa amawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo chotenga matenda oopsa monga matenda a mtima ndi sitiroko.

Choncho ndikofunikira kuti mulingo wa cholesterol ya LDL ukhale wotsika . Kwa munthu wamkulu, ndi bwino kuusunga pansi pa 100 mg/dL (mamiligalamu pa decilita imodzi). Ngati muli ndi vuto monga atherosclerosis, lomwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta m'mitsempha yanu, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti mulingo wa cholesterol ya LDL ukhale pansi pa 70 mg/dL.

Cholesterol ya HDL - kodi iyi ndi cholesterol "yabwino"?

Cholesterol ya HDL imayimira High-Density Lipoproteins . Ma lipoprotein amenewa amapangidwa makamaka ndi mapuloteni. HDL imadziwika kuti cholesterol "yabwino" . Izi zili choncho chifukwa HDL imatenga cholesterol yochulukirapo m'magazi ndikuibweza kubwerera ku chiwindi. Kenako chiwindi chimaswa cholesterol ndikuyichotsa m'thupi. Njira yofunikayi imatchedwanso reverse cholesterol transport.

Mulingo wa cholesterol yanu ya HDL ndi chinthu chomwe mukufuna kuti mupitirize kukhala nacho . Ngati ndinu mwamuna, muyenera kukhala ndi cholinga choti musunge HDL yanu osachepera 40 mg/dL. Ngati ndinu mkazi, muyenera kukhala ndi cholinga choti musunge 50 mg/dL.

Kwa akuluakulu onse, kuchuluka kwa HDL kopitilira 60 mg/dL kumaonedwa kuti ndi kwabwino kwambiri. Kumathandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima.

Kodi pali chinthu chonga VLDL cholesterol?

Inde, cholesterol ya VLDL imayimira Very Low-Density Lipoproteins.VLDL imanyamula makamaka triglycerides (mtundu wina wa mafuta) ndi cholesterol. Ili ndi mapuloteni ochepa kuposa mitundu ina. Monga LDL, VLDL imaonedwa kuti ndi "yoipa" chifukwa imatha kupangitsa kuti ma plaque azisonkhana m'mitsempha yathu.

Mwachidule, cholesterol yabwino (HDL) imathandiza kuchotsa cholesterol yoyipa (zinthu zovulaza kuchokera ku LDL ndi VLDL) m'magazi. Cholesterol ya LDL ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimayambitsa kudzikundikira kwa ma plaque m'mitsempha.

Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zingakhudze kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'magazi anga?

Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lathu. Tiyeni tiwone zomwe zili:

• Zaka: Pamene tikukalamba, kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lathu nthawi zambiri kumatha kuwonjezeka pang'onopang'ono.
• Zakudya: Monga tafotokozera kale, mafuta okhuta ndi mafuta osinthika muzakudya zomwe timadya zimatha kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ("yoyipa"). Kudya mafuta ochepa amtunduwu kungathandize kwambiri kuchepetsa cholesterol.
• Kuchita Masewera Olimbitsa Thupi: Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi pafupipafupi komanso pang'onopang'ono kungathandize kukweza kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu (HDL). Yesetsani kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa mphindi zosachepera 30 masiku ambiri pa sabata.
• Cholowa: Majini anu nawonso amatenga gawo pa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yomwe thupi lanu limapanga. M'mabanja ena, cholesterol yambiri imatha kuchitika m'mabanja.
• Jenda ndi mahomoni: Asanayambe kusamba, akazi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholesterol yotsika poyerekeza ndi amuna. Komabe, akamaliza kusamba, akazi amatha kukhala ndi cholesterol yokwera (LDL) ("yoyipa") komanso cholesterol yotsika (HDL) ("yabwino").

Kodi ndiyenera kukayezetsa cholesterol yanga? Kodi ndiyenera kuchita chiyani ngati yakwera?

Inde, ndithudi! Ndikofunikira kuti aliyense adziwe kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lake. Kangati muyenera kuyezetsa cholesterol, kapena lipid panel yomwe yatchulidwa pamwambapa, zimatengera zaka zanu ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima (monga matenda a shuga, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kusuta). Chifukwa chake, ndibwino kulankhula ndi dokotala wa banja lanu ndikufunsani kangati muyenera kuyezetsa izi. Kudziwa kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe mungachite kuti mudziteteze ku matenda a mtima mtsogolo.

Tangoganizirani, ngati lipotilo likunena kuti mulingo wa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ndi wokwera, musachite mantha. Dokotala adzakupatsani chithandizo chofunikira. Njira zazikulu zochizira izi ndi izi:

• Kusintha zakudya: Izi zikutanthauza kudya zakudya zabwino zomwe zili ndi cholesterol yochepa, mafuta ochepa, ulusi wambiri, komanso zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zambiri.
• Kusintha kwa moyo:Zinthu monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, kuchepetsa thupi lanu, komanso kusiya kusuta fodya kotheratu.
• Mankhwala: Anthu ena angavutike kulamulira cholesterol yawo podya zakudya zopatsa thanzi komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi okha. Pazochitika zotere, dokotala wanu angakupatseni mankhwala ochepetsa cholesterol, monga ma statins.

Kwa anthu ambiri, kuphatikiza njira izi ndiyo njira yothandiza kwambiri yowongolera cholesterol. Koma kuti mudziwe njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu, muyenera kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu ndikukambirana ndi dokotala.

Choncho, ngati simunapite kwa dokotala kwa nthawi yayitali, pitani mukaone thanzi lanu. Pitani kukayezetsa malinga ndi nthawi ya dokotala wanu. Dziwani zambiri za cholesterol yanu, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi, zomwe ndi zizindikiro za thanzi la mtima wanu ndi mitsempha yamagazi. Kumbukirani, sikuli koyambirira kwambiri kuganizira za thanzi la mtima wanu. Ndikoyenera kuyamba kuganizira zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino lero.

Ndiye, kodi uthenga wotani umene tiyenera kukumbukira kuchokera m'nkhaniyi?

Cholesterol ndi mtundu wa mafuta womwe umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'thupi lathu ndipo ndi wofunikira kwa ife. Kuti tikhale ndi moyo wathanzi, tiyenera kukhala ndi cholesterol yokwanira m'thupi lathu. Komabe, kukhala ndi cholesterol yochuluka m'magazi kungakhale koopsa pa thanzi lanu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ndikofunikira kwambiri kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa cholesterol yanu nthawi zonse ndikukambirana ndi dokotala wanu za tanthauzo la mfundo zimenezo.

Kumbukirani, mwa kudya zakudya zabwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse, komanso kutsatira malangizo a dokotala wanu, mutha kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol m'thupi lanu ndikukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wokhutiritsa. Mwamva? Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tichite izi kuyambira lero!