Dziwani zambiri za mankhwala a Herceptin (Trastuzumab) a khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2

Inu kapena munthu wina m'banja mwanu akapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere, zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza mantha ndi nkhawa zomwe mukumva. Ndi nthawi yokhudza mtima kwambiri. Koma, chofunika kwambiri ndichakuti ndi sayansi yapamwamba ya zamankhwala yomwe tili nayo tsopano, titha kukhala ndi chiyembekezo. Dokotala wanu adzaganizira zinthu zambiri, monga mtundu wa khansa yomwe muli nayo, zaka zanu, komanso ngati muli ndi matenda ena, kuti asankhe njira zabwino kwambiri zochiritsira. Khansa ya m'mawere nthawi zambiri imachiritsidwa ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy, ndi radiation.

Lero tikulankhula za chithandizo chosiyana pang'ono komanso chapadera. Ichi chimatchedwa "chithandizo cholunjika ." Herceptin ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala otere. Dzina lake lachipatala ndi Trastuzumab . Mwina munamvapo mayina ena ngati awa - Kanjinti, Herzuma, Ogivri. Awa amatchedwa "biosimilars". Mwachidule, awa ndi makope achilengedwe a mankhwala a Herceptin.

Kodi Targeted Therapy ndi Herceptin ndi chiyani?

Taganizirani izi, mankhwala a chemotherapy nthawi zonse samakhudza maselo a khansa okha, komanso maselo athanzi omwe amagawikana mwachangu. Koma njira zochiritsira zomwe zaperekedwa sizili choncho. Amagwirira ntchito poyang'ana malo enieni. Mankhwalawa amalamulira mapuloteni enaake omwe amathandiza maselo a khansa kukula ndi kufalikira. Ndicho chifukwa chake sagwira ntchito pa khansa zonse. Mapuloteni omwe mankhwalawa amawagwiritsa ntchito ayenera kukhalapo ambiri m'maselo a khansa amenewo.

Mankhwala a Herceptin amalimbana ndi puloteni yotchedwa HER2 . (Dzina lonse la izi ndi `human epidermal growth factor receptor 2`). Chifukwa chake, ngati puloteni iyi ya HER2 imapangidwa mochulukirapo m'maselo a khansa, timatcha mtundu wa khansa ya m'mawere kuti `HER2-positive`. Chithandizo cha Herceptin chimaperekedwa kokha kwa khansa ya m'mawere ya 'HER2-positive`.

Kodi mankhwala a Herceptin awa amagwira ntchito bwanji m'thupi?

Kuti timvetse izi, choyamba tiyeni tiwone chomwe HER2 ili. HER2 ndi cholandirira pamwamba pa maselo. Taganizirani ngati antenna kakang'ono pamwamba pa selo. Ma antenna awa ndi omwe amalandira zizindikiro kuchokera kunja kwa selo ndikugwira ntchito pa iwo. Mu selo yathanzi, ma HER2 receptors alipo kuti alamulire kukula kwa maselo.

Koma chinthu china chosiyana chimachitika m'maselo a khansa a `HER2-positive`. Maselo amenewa ali ndi makope owonjezera a majini omwe amapanga puloteni ya HER2. Chifukwa chake, maselowa amapanga puloteni ya HER2 yochuluka kwambiri. Zili ngati pali ma antenna ambiri pa selo. Kenako, maselo a khansa amapeza zizindikiro zambiri kuti "akule, agawane," ndipo amakula mosalamulirika, mwachangu kwambiri.

Kodi mankhwala a Herceptin ndi oyenera khansa yanga?

Funso ili ndi lofunika kwambiri. Ngati khansa yanu ya m'mawere ili ndi `HER2-negative`, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti maselo a khansa alibe puloteni yowonjezera ya HER2, ndiye kuti chithandizo cha Herceptin sichigwira ntchito. Khansa zambiri za m'mawere zimakhala ndi `HER2-negative`. Pafupifupi 20% ndi HER2-positive. Dokotala wanu adzakuuzani mtundu weniweni wa khansa yomwe muli nayo kudzera mu mayeso.

Chithandizo cha Herceptin chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kumayambiriro kwa khansa ya m'mawere, komanso m'magawo apamwamba pomwe khansa yafalikira (metastatic).

• Kwa khansa yoyambirira: Ngati khansa yanu ili ndi HER2-positive ndipo ili yoyambirira, Herceptin imaperekedwa kuti khansa isabwererenso mutachita opaleshoni. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaperekedwa ndi chemotherapy kapena endocrine therapy. Mankhwalawa amatha kuperekedwa ngati khansayo ndi yayikulu kapena yafalikira ku ma lymph nodes.

• Pa khansa yopita patsogolo: Ngati khansa yafalikira kumadera akutali a thupi (metastatic), Herceptin ingathandize kuyimitsa kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwake . Nthawi zina, ngati chotupa chili chachikulu kwambiri moti sichingachotsedwe ndi opaleshoni, Herceptin ndi mankhwala ena amatha kuchichepetsa asanachite opaleshoni.

Kodi muyenera kuyembekezera chiyani mukalandira chithandizo?

Herceptin imaperekedwa ngati njira yolowetsera (yolowetsedwa m'mitsempha - IV) mumtsempha. Imaperekedwa ngati njira ya saline. Izi zimachitika chifukwa mankhwalawa amafunika kubayidwa mwachindunji m'magazi. Zimatenga mphindi 30 mpaka 90 kuti amalize.

Palinso mtundu wina wa izi womwe umaperekedwa ngati jakisoni. Umatchedwa `Herceptin Hylecta`. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti izi zimagwira ntchito mofanana ndi IV. Dokotala wanu adzasankha njira yomwe ili yoyenera kwa inu.

Nthawi komanso kangati yomwe muyenera kumwa Herceptin zimadalira gawo la khansa yanu ndi mankhwala ena omwe mukumwa. Ngati khansa yakula (yofalikira), mungafunike kupitiriza kulandira chithandizo bola ngati mankhwalawo akugwira ntchito ndipo palibe zotsatirapo zoyipa.

Chofunika kwambiri: Dokotala wanu adzayang'ana momwe mtima wanu umagwirira ntchito nthawi zonse musanayambe komanso panthawi ya chithandizo cha Herceptin, chifukwa nthawi zina mankhwalawa amatha kukhudza mtima.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, zotsatirapo zina zingachitike. Chifukwa chake, musanayambe chithandizo, muyenera kudziwa mosamala zizindikiro zomwe muyenera kusamala nazo komanso nthawi yoti mudziwitse dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo. Chithandizo cha Herceptin sichiperekedwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi pakati kapena omwe akuyesera kutenga pakati.

Kodi chithandizochi chikuyenda bwino bwanji?

Herceptin ndi mankhwala omwe adasintha kwambiri chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere ya HER2 atavomerezedwa mu 1998.

• Pa khansa yoopsa: Herceptin, ikaperekedwa yokha kapena ndi chemotherapy, imatha kuchepetsa kukula kwa khansa ndikuthandiza odwala kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Komabe, nthawi zina mankhwalawa amatha kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi kenako nkusiya kugwira ntchito.

• Pa khansa yoyambirira: Apa ndi pomwe kupambana kwakukulu kumaonekera. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera Herceptin ku chemotherapy pambuyo pa opaleshoni kungachepetse chiopsezo chobwereranso khansa ndi pafupifupi 50% . Izi zikutanthauza kuti akazi ambiri omwe amatenga Herceptin amakhala ndi moyo wautali popanda khansa.

Ngakhale kuti chithandizo chimaperekedwa koyamba kwa chaka chimodzi kapena ziwiri, kafukufuku waposachedwapa akusonyeza kuti kwa anthu ambiri, kumwa Herceptin kwa miyezi 6 yokha n’kokwanira. Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino kwa iwo omwe akuda nkhawa ndi zotsatirapo zake.