Monga mayi ndi bambo, ngakhale titasamalira ana athu aang'ono motani, sitingathe kuwaletsa kudwala kapena kuvulala pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, mwana akadwala kapena kumva kuti sakudwala, tonse timayesetsa kuchepetsa ululu ndi kusasangalala kwawo. Chimodzi mwa mankhwala otchuka kwambiri omwe timagwiritsa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha thupi ndi ululu nthawi ngati izi ndi paracetamol, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti acetaminophen. Koma muyenera kusamala kwambiri mukamapatsa ana mankhwalawa, makamaka makanda aang'ono. Ngati mlingo wake uli wochepa pang'ono, mavuto akulu angabuke.
Ndiye kodi paracetamol imaperekedwa kwa ana aang'ono awa?
Mwachidule, uwu ndi mankhwala omwe angagulidwe ku pharmacy popanda mankhwala, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha thupi komanso kuchepetsa ululu mwa ana. Chogwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwalawa ndi acetaminophen. Timapeza izi pansi pa mayina osiyanasiyana monga Tylenol, Panadol, Calpol. Kawirikawiri, ma milliliters 5 (ml) a madzi a paracetamol omwe amaperekedwa kwa ana aang'ono amakhala ndi ma milligrams 160 (mg) a acetaminophen.
Ndizachilendo kwambiri kuti tipereke mankhwalawa kwa ana. Bola ngati apatsidwa mlingo woyenera, ndi wotetezeka kwambiri, ndipo ndi othandiza kwambiri pochepetsa malungo ndi ululu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake madokotala amalangizanso.
Nthawi zambiri timagwiritsa ntchito paracetamol pazochitika ngati izi:
- Chimfine, malungo
- Matenda a fuluwenza monga ma virus
- Mutu
- Chikhure
- Kupweteka kwa mano
Koma kumbukirani kuti mankhwalawa amangoletsa zizindikiro kwakanthawi. Ngati mavuto a mwana wanu akupitirira, muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
Tiyeni tidziwe bwino mitundu ndi kusiyana kwa paracetamol?
Ngakhale kuti paracetamol ndi mankhwala omwewo, imabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana komanso mphamvu zake. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopangidwira akuluakulu, ana okulirapo, ndi makanda.
- Kwa akuluakulu: Izi zimabwera ngati mapiritsi, makapisozi, mapaketi oti amwe, ndi mankhwala otsukira m'mimba. Mapiritsi ena ali ndi 325mg, pomwe mapiritsi ena 'amphamvu kwambiri' ali ndi 500mg. Palinso mankhwala omwe amaphatikiza paracetamol ndi mankhwala ena ochepetsa ululu, monga ibuprofen. Mankhwala ena a chifuwa ndi chimfine angakhalenso ndi paracetamol.
- Paracetamol ya Ana: Izi nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kwa ana azaka zapakati pa 2-11. Zimabwera mu madzi a manyuchi ndi mapiritsi otafuna.
- Paracetamol ya Makanda: Izi ndi zakumwa zopangidwa kwa ana osakwana zaka zitatu. Zimabwera ndi sirinji yapulasitiki kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwenikweni kwa mankhwala.
Kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa paracetamol ya ana ndi ya makanda
Kale, kutanthauza kuti, isanafike chaka cha 2011, kuchuluka kwa madzi a paracetamol omwe amaperekedwa kwa makanda aang'ono kunali kwakukulu. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, panali mankhwala ambiri mu madzi ochepa. Koma kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amaperekedwa kwa ana okulirapo kunali kochepa. Chifukwa cha izi, makolo sankafunika kupatsa ana awo madzi ambiri akamapereka mankhwala.
Koma kusiyana kwa kuchuluka kwa mankhwalawa kwabweretsa mavuto ambiri. Makolo ena, chifukwa chosadziwa, apatsa ana mlingo wofanana wa madzi ochulukirapo monga momwe ana akuluakulu amaperekera. Zotsatira zake zakhala kuti ana amwa mopitirira muyeso, adwala matenda oopsa otchedwa acetaminophen toxicity, ndipo anayenera kugonekedwa m'chipatala.
Pambuyo pa zochitikazi, kuyambira mu 2011, makampani opanga mankhwala otsogola padziko lonse lapansi asankha kupanga manyuchi a paracetamol a makanda ndi ana pamlingo womwewo (160 mg/5 ml).
Komabe, ndikofunikira nthawi zonse kuwerenga mosamala chizindikiro chomwe chili pa botolo ndikuwonanso kawiri mlingo ndi kuchuluka kwa mankhwala musanapatse mwana wanu mankhwala aliwonse. Ngati muli ndi mabotolo akale a mankhwala kunyumba, onani tsiku lotha ntchito. Pewani kupereka mankhwala omwe atha ntchito.
Mlingo woyenera wa paracetamol woti mwana apereke
Kuchuluka kwa paracetamol komwe mwana wanu amafunikira kumatsimikiziridwa ndi kulemera kwa thupi lake, osati zaka zake . Ichi ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
Musapereke paracetamol kwa makanda osakwana milungu 12 (miyezi itatu) popanda upangiri wa dokotala.
Gome ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa mlingo wa madzi a paracetamol, omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala 160mg/5ml, kutengera kulemera kwa mwana. Ngakhale kuti awa ndi malangizo wamba, nthawi zonse tsatirani malangizo a dokotala wanu.
| Kulemera kwa mwana (mu ma kilogalamu) | Kuchuluka kwa madzi operekedwa (160mg/5ml) |
|---|---|
| 2.7 kg - 5.3 kg | 1.25 ml |
| 5.4 kg - 8.1 kg | 2.5 ml |
| 8.2 kg - 10.8 kg | 3.75 ml |
| 10.9 kg - 16.3 kg | 5 ml |
| 16.4 kg - 21.7 kg | 7.5 ml |
| 21.8 kg - 27.2 kg | 10 ml |
| 27.3 kg - 32.6 kg | 12.5 ml |
| 32.7 kg - 43.1 kg | 15 ml |
| Kulemera kopitilira 43.2 kg | 20 ml |
Chofunika kwambiri:
- Mlingo uwu ukhoza kuperekedwa kamodzi pa maola 4-6 aliwonse .
- Musapereke mlingo woposa 4 mkati mwa maola 24 pazifukwa zilizonse.
- Musagwiritse ntchito supuni za tiyi za kukhitchini poyeza mankhwala. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito sirinji kapena kapu yoyezera yomwe imabwera ndi mankhwalawo.
Zoopsa za Paracetamol Mopitirira Muyeso
Kumwa paracetamol yochuluka kwambiri n’koopsa kwa aliyense wa msinkhu uliwonse. Pali malire a kuchuluka kwa paracetamol komwe chiwindi chathu chingathe kupirira. Kupitirira malire amenewo kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi, kulephera kwa chiwindi, komanso imfa.
Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zomwe ana angakulitsire vutoli:
1. Kumwa mopitirira muyeso molakwika: Kupereka mopitirira muyeso womwe walembedwa kapena kuperekanso mankhwalawo maola 4 asanadutse.
2. Kupereka mitundu ingapo ya mankhwala okhala ndi paracetamol nthawi imodzi: Mwachitsanzo, kupereka madzi a paracetamol pa malungo, kenako kupereka madzi ena pa chimfine (chomwe chingakhalenso ndi paracetamol) pakapita nthawi yochepa.
Zizindikiro za Kuchuluka kwa Paracetamol
Ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zizindikiro izi , pitani naye kuchipatala mwamsanga.
- Kusanza ndi kusanza
- Ululu m'mimba pamwamba kumanja
- Kusowa chilakolako cha chakudya komanso kutopa kwambiri
- Mkodzo wakuda, magazi mu mkodzo, kapena kuchepa kwa kukodza pafupipafupi
- Kusokonezeka, kugona tulo tochuluka, kutaya chidziwitso
- Kuoneka kwachikasu pakhungu ndi m'maso (jaundice)
- Kuvuta kupuma
Ngati mukukayikira pang'ono kuti mwana wanu wamwa paracetamol yochuluka, pitani naye kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo ndipo imbani National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti akupatseni upangiri.
Kuchipatala, chithandizo chimadalira nthawi yomwe mwana wakhala akumwa mankhwalawo komanso kuopsa kwa vutoli. Chithandizochi chimaphatikizapo kutsuka m'mimba, kupereka makala oyambitsa, komanso kupereka mankhwala oletsa kutupa a N-acetylcysteine (NAC) m'mitsempha.
Kodi muyenera kupita kwa dokotala liti?
Onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala pazochitika zotsatirazi:
- Ngati mwana wosakwana miyezi itatu ali ndi malungo a 100.4°F (38°C) kapena kupitirira apo.
- Ngati kutentha kwa mwana kuli kokwera kuposa 40°C.
- Ngati mwana wosakwana zaka ziwiri ali ndi malungo omwe amatha maola opitilira 24.
- Ngati mwana wazaka zoposa ziwiri ali ndi malungo omwe amatha masiku opitilira atatu.
- Ngati ululu suchepa ngakhale mutapereka paracetamol.
- Ngati mwana akuwonetsa zizindikiro za ziwengo monga kupuma movutikira, kutupa kwa lilime, miyendo (pitani ku ETU nthawi yomweyo).
Ngati mwana wanu akumwa mankhwala a matenda ena (monga khunyu, chifuwa chachikulu), onetsetsani kuti mwaonana ndi dokotala musanapereke paracetamol.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Nthawi zonse dziwani mlingo wa paracetamol kutengera kulemera kwa mwana , osati zaka zake.
- Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito sirinji kapena chikho choyezera chomwe chimabwera ndi mankhwala poyeza mankhwalawo. Palibe supuni zakukhitchini!
- Pewani kupereka mankhwala ochulukirapo kuposa mlingo womwe waperekedwa. Musapereke mankhwala opitirira anayi mkati mwa maola 24.
- Ngati mukupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala ena (makamaka chifuwa/madzi ozizira), nthawi zonse onani ngati ali ndi paracetamol.
- Sungani mankhwala onse pamalo otetezeka, omwe ana sangawafikire .
- Ngati mukukayikira za mlingo kapena vuto la mwana wanu, funsani dokotala wanu nthawi yomweyo.
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