Tikamamva za nkhondo ndi mikangano yosiyanasiyana m'manyuzipepala, timamvanso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mabomba ndi zida. Koma kodi mukudziwa kuti zida zina zimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha mankhwala oopsa omwe ali nawo? Chimodzi mwa zida zoopsa za mankhwala ndi "bomba loyera la phosphorous". M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana mwachidule.
Kodi phosphorous yoyera iyi ndi chiyani?
Mwachidule, phosphorous yoyera ndi mankhwala opangidwa kuchokera ku miyala ya phosphate. Ikakhala yolimba, imakhala ndi fungo lokoma ngati la adyo. Imatha kukhala yoyera kapena yachikasu, ndipo nthawi zina imakhala yopanda mtundu.
Phosphorus yoyera iyi ndi yoopsa kwambiri kwa anthu. Komanso ndi yosakhazikika kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti, kutentha kwa madigiri pafupifupi 10-15 kuposa kutentha kwabwinobwino kwa chipinda, imakumana ndi mpweya womwe uli mumlengalenga ndipo imayamba kuyaka mwadzidzidzi .
Tangoganizirani ntchito zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi. Phosphorus yoyera imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu monga tchipisi ta kompyuta, zitsulo zosungunulira, feteleza waulimi, utoto wowala mumdima, poizoni wa makoswe, ndi zophulitsira moto. Koma, kuwonjezera pa ntchito zofala izi, mayiko ndi magulu ena amagwiritsanso ntchito popanga mabomba ndi zida zina zankhondo.
Kodi mabomba oyera a phosphorous amenewa amagwira ntchito bwanji?
Mabomba oyera a phosphorous ndi mtundu wa "chida choyaka moto." Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuwonjezera pa kuwononga ndi kuphulika, amathanso kufalitsa moto.
Uwu si moto wamba. Uwu ndi moto womwe umayamba chifukwa cha kuyaka kwa phosphorous. Motowu umayaka pa kutentha kopitilira madigiri Celsius 800. Bomba loyera la phosphorous limatha kufalitsa moto woopsawu pamalo okwana mayadi mazana ambiri. Choopsa kwambiri ndichakuti motowo suzimitsidwa mpaka phosphorous itayaka yonse . Chomwe chimafunikira ndi mpweya womwe uli mumlengalenga.
Pachifukwa ichi, kuvulala ndi mabomba oyera a phosphorous kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kuposa kuvulala kwa mabomba wamba. Komanso n'kovuta kwambiri kuchiza. Madokotala ndi ogwira ntchito amafunika maphunziro apadera kuti athetse kuvulala kwamtunduwu.
Kodi izi zimakhudza bwanji thupi la munthu?
Bomba loyera la phosphorous limakhudza kwambiri thanzi la anthu kuposa chida china chilichonse chokhala ndi mphamvu yofanana ndi kuphulika.
Zotsatira pakhungu
Ngati phosphorous yoyera ilowa pakhungu, ingayambitse kupsa kwambiri komanso kowawa kwambiri . Izi zitha kukhala kupsa kwa ``digiri yachiwiri`` kapena ``digiri yachitatu``. Izi zikutanthauza kuti sikuti pamwamba pa khungu lokha pawonongeka, komanso minofu yomwe ili pansi pake.
Kupsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala kwachikasu ndipo kumakhala ndi fungo la adyo. Pamene phosphorous yoyera ikupitirira kuyaka pakhungu, mutha kuwona utsi ukutuluka pabala.
Choopsa chachikulu apa ndichakuti phosphorous yoyera ndi chinthu chosungunuka ndi mafuta . Chifukwa chake, imalowa mosavuta kudzera pakhungu kupita m'thupi, ndiko kuti, m'magazi. Ikalowa, imayamba kubweretsa zizindikiro zina zazikulu m'thupi.
Tangoganizirani, ngakhale mutapsa ndi phosphorous yoyera pa thupi lanu lochepera 10%, poizoni wotengedwa ndi thupi lanu akhoza kuwononga impso zanu, chiwindi, ndi mtima, komanso kupha.
Kumeza kapena kupuma
Kumeza (kumeza) kapena kupuma phosphorous yoyera ndi koopsa kwambiri. Ngati wina adya phosphorous yoyera, zizindikiro zimatha kuchitika m'magawo atatu akuluakulu.
| Gawo | Zinthu zazikulu |
|---|---|
| Gawo 1 | Mavuto a m'mimba. Zinthu monga kupweteka m'mimba ndi kusanza zimatha kuchitika. |
| Gawo 2 | "Nthawi yopanda phokoso". Munthawi ya maola 48 iyi, palibe zizindikiro zazikulu zomwe zimawonekera. Koma kuwonongeka mkati mwa thupi kukupitirirabe. |
| Gawo 3 | Vutoli limakula mofulumira. Kusanza kwambiri, kupweteka m'mimba, ndi kupweteka kwambiri kumachitika. Chiwindi, impso, mtima, mitsempha yamagazi, ndi dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha zimayamba kusonyeza zizindikiro za kuwonongeka. |
Kuphatikiza apo, kupuma utsi woyera wa phosphorous kungayambitse kukwiya kwa kupuma ndi chifuwa.
Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali
Kupezeka kwa nthawi yayitali ndi phosphorous yoyera (monga kugwira ntchito mufakitale yomwe imapanga) kungayambitse matenda oopsa otchedwa "phossy jaw." Apa ndi pamene fupa la nsagwada limasungunuka ndikuwonongeka. Mwachipatala, izi zimatchedwa necrosis.Zimayamba ndi kutupa pang'ono ndi ululu m'nsagwada, kenako pakapita nthawi, mabala amakula m'nsagwada, ndipo pamapeto pake fupa la nsagwada palokha limatha kuwonongeka.
Kodi lamulo limati chiyani pankhaniyi?
Akatswiri ambiri azamalamulo apadziko lonse lapansi amati kugwiritsa ntchito mabomba oyera a phosphorous n'koletsedwa ndi malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi okhudza anthu. Pali mapangano ndi mapangano osiyanasiyana pa izi. Koma pali kusagwirizana ndi madera ena okhudzana ndi nkhani zamalamulo izi. Malamulo ena amatsutsana, ndipo nthawi zina malamulowo amasintha malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili. Komabe, amaonedwa ngati chida chopanda umunthu komanso choopsa padziko lonse lapansi.
Uthenga Wopita Nawo Kunyumba
- Phosphorus yoyera ndi mankhwala oyaka moto kwambiri, oopsa kwambiri, komanso oopsa.
- Kupsa kwake kumakhala kozama kwambiri komanso kopweteka. Phosphorus imathanso kuyamwa kudzera pakhungu ndi kulowa m'thupi, kuwononga ziwalo zamkati monga chiwindi, impso, ndi mtima, komanso kupha.
- Kwa munthu amene wakumana ndi vuto lotere, chithandizo cha kutentha kwabwinobwino sichingakhale chokwanira. Amafunika thandizo la dokotala mwamsanga.
- Ngati wina akumana ndi ngozi yotere, pitani naye kuchipatala mwamsanga ku Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) . Ngati kuli kofunikira, mutha kuyimbiranso National Poisons Information Centre ku Colombo National Hospital kuti mupeze upangiri.
- Kudziwa zoopsa za zida zotere ndikofunikira pa chitetezo chathu komanso pa nkhani zachifundo.
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