Ese ibihaha byawe bikora neza gute? Reka twige ku bipimo by'imikorere y'ibihaha.

Ese rimwe na rimwe ugira ingorane zo guhumeka, gufungana mu gituza, cyangwa inkorora idashira? Cyangwa se muganga yagutegetse gupima ibihaha? Ni bwo ibi bizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha , cyangwa "PFTs" mu magambo ahinnye, bigufasha. Mu magambo make, bipima uburyo ibihaha byawe bishobora guhumeka neza, ndetse n'uburyo bishobora guhererekanya umwuka neza. Biduha ishusho nziza y'ubuzima bw'ibihaha byawe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibipimo by'imikorere y'ibihaha (PFTs) biriho?

Noneho reka turebe, hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibi `(PFTs)`. Buri kizamini kireba ibice bitandukanye by'ibihaha. Dore bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi:

• Spirometry: Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi kandi gisanzwe gikunze gukorwa. Gipima uburyo umwuka ushobora guhumeka no gusohora vuba kandi vuba. Gitanga kandi igitekerezo cy'uburyo umwuka usanzwe ufite mu bihaha byawe.
• Ingano y'ibihaha cyangwa plethysmography y'umubiri: Ibi bipima ingano y'umwuka usigaye mu bihaha byawe mu bihe bitandukanye, nko nyuma yo guhumeka cyane no nyuma yo gusohora umwuka burundu, ndetse n'ubushobozi bw'ibihaha byose ufite.
• Inyigo yo gukwirakwiza imyuka: Iki ni ikizamini cyihariye. Gipima uburyo ibihaha byawe byinjiza imyuka, nka ogisijeni, mu maraso yawe. Ni ukuvuga ko gipima imikorere y'ihererekanya ry'imyuka iva mu bihaha byawe ijya mu maraso yawe.
• Ikizamini cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri y'umutima n'ibihaha (CPET): Iki kizamini gipima uburyo umutima wawe, ibihaha, n'imitsi bikorana mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri migufi. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya niba guhumeka nabi biterwa n'ibihaha byawe, umutima, cyangwa indi mpamvu.

Muri ibi, spirometry niyo ikoreshwa cyane kandi izwi cyane ku isuzuma ry’imikorere y’ibihaha.

Ni ryari ibi bizamini by'ibihaha (PFTs) bigomba gukorwa?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga wawe agusaba gukora PFT. Ugomba kubyitondera cyane cyane niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Niba wumva igituza gifunganye, kibabara, cyangwa kidafunganye.
• Inkorora, cyane cyane iyo ikomeje kandi ikaza n'amase.
• Niba wumva ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi, cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka cyane.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka, indwara abaganga bita "Dyspnea".
• Niba wumvise ijwi ry'"umuriri" riva mu gituza cyawe iyo uhumeka.

Wibuke ko hari igihe ushobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato. Ariko muganga ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata PFT mu gihe cyo kwisuzumisha buri mwaka, cyangwa niba unywa itabi, kugira ngo arebe niba hari impinduka mu bihaha byawe.

Uretse ibi bimenyetso, abaganga bashobora kwigira byinshi kuri PFTs:

• Menya niba hari uruziga cyangwa igabanuka ry'inzira z'ubuhumekero (inzira z'ubuhumekero) mu bihaha byawe.
• Menya hakiri kare niba hari impinduka mu bushobozi bw'ibihaha bwo kwinjiza ogisijeni mu maraso.
• Suzuma uburyo indwara zidakira z'ibihaha (indwara zidakira z'ibihaha) zagize ingaruka ku bakomeza kunywa itabi.
• Menya niba imiti uhabwa igufasha kugabanya ibibazo byo guhumeka.
• Sobanukirwa niba ibihaha byawe bigizweho ingaruka no guhura n'ibintu bimwe na bimwe mu kazi kawe cyangwa aho utuye.
• Mbere yo kubagwa cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvurwa, hitamo niba ibihaha byawe bishobora kubyihanganira.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara izi PFT zifasha mu gusuzuma?

PFTs si ikizamini gisanzwe gusa. Akenshi zifasha gusuzuma, kwemeza, cyangwa gusuzuma ubukana bw'indwara nka:

• Asima: Indwara itera kugorwa no guhumeka ikunze kugaragara mu bantu benshi.
• Indwara y'ibihaha idakira (COPD): Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane mu banywi b'itabi.
• Indwara y'ibihaha: Iyi ni indwara aho ibihaha birushaho kuba byinshi, bigatuma guhumeka bigorana.
• Intege nke z'imitsi ifasha mu guhumeka.
• Kugabanuka k'umuyoboro w'amaraso.

Ni nde ukora ibi bipimo by'imikorere y'ibihaha?

Ubusanzwe iyi "(PFTs)" ikorwa n'umuganga w'indwara z'ubuhumekero wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri iyi ntego. Azagusobanurira ikizamini kandi agufashe kugikora neza.

Iki kizamini cy'imikorere y'ibihaha gikorwa gite?

Mu by'ukuri ibi ntabwo bigoye nkuko ushobora kubitekereza.

Hari ibikoresho byinshi bikunze gukoreshwa mu gihe ukora `PFT`. Muri bimwe mu bizamini harimo agasanduku kabonerana kandi gafunguye (ugomba kwicaramo), agace gato koroshye ushyira ku mazuru yawe (ibi bigufasha guhumeka binyuze mu kanwa gusa aho guhumeka binyuze mu mazuru yawe), agakoresho ko mu kanwa ushyira mu kanwa, n'igikoresho gito cy'ikoranabuhanga gipima umuvuduko n'ingano y'umwuka wawe. Ibi byitwa `Spirometer` .

Ni gute nakwitegura mbere y'iki kizamini?

Mbere yo gukoresha PFT yawe, muganga wawe cyangwa ikigo gipima gishobora kuguha inama zimwe na zimwe, nko:

• Ushobora gusabwa guhagarika by'agateganyo gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose (nk'imashini ihumeka) ukoresha mu gihe ufite ibibazo byo guhumeka.Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo haboneke ibisubizo by'ibizamini nyabyo. Noneho kora neza uko muganga akubwira.
• Ambara imyenda irekuye kandi ijyanye n'igihe. Irinde imyenda ifunze cyane cyane hafi y'igituza.
• Irinde gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije umunsi umwe mbere cyangwa mu gitondo cy'ikizamini.
• Niba ukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (nk'itabi), irinde kubikoresha nibura amasaha make mbere yo gupimwa.

Ni ugukurikiza ibi bintu neza gusa ni bwo uzabasha kugera ku musaruro mwiza .

Ese nshobora kurya mbere yo kwipimisha?

Si byiza kurya ifunguro rinini mbere yo gupimwa. Ni byiza kandi kureka kunywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine (nk'ikawa n'icyayi) igihe gito mbere yo gupimwa, kuko bishobora kugira ingaruka nke ku buryo uhumeka.

Ni iki nkwiye kwitega ku munsi w'ikizamini?

Uzakenera "PFT" ikorerwa muri laboratwari yihariye ipima imikorere y'ibihaha, ubusanzwe iherereye mu bitaro cyangwa mu ishami ry’abarwayi bataha.

Mbere yuko ikizamini gitangira, umuganga w’indwara z’ubuhumekero azagufata amakuru amwe n’amwe yerekeye ubuzima bwawe, nka:

• Uburebure
• Uburemere
• Imyaka
• Isiganwa
• Igitsina

Aya makuru akoreshwa mu kugereranya ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwawe n'ibisanzwe bijyanye n'imyaka yawe, uburebure bwawe, n'igitsina cyawe.

Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cy'ikizamini?

Nyuma yo gufata amakuru yawe, umuganga w’indwara z’ubuhumekero azagujyana mu cyumba gifite ibikoresho bya "PFT" maze aguhe amabwiriza ashingiye ku bwoko bw’ikizamini ugomba gukora.

Muri Spirometry:

Ubwa mbere, agapira gato koroshye gashyirwa ku mazuru yawe. Ibi biterwa nuko ugomba guhumeka unyuze mu kanwa gusa, ntabwo unyuze mu mazuru yawe. Hanyuma uhabwa agapira ko mu kanwa. Ugomba kukafata neza ku minwa yawe. Aka gapira ko mu kanwa gahujwe na spirometer. Hanyuma umuvuzi akakubwira uburyo bwo guhumeka no kwinjira.

Hari igihe uzabwirwa guhumeka cyane no gusohora umwuka buhoro buhoro . Hari n'igihe uzabwirwa guhumeka cyane no gusohora umwuka vuba kandi cyane uko ushoboye kose . Ni nko kuzimya buji ku gatsima k'isabukuru. Ugomba kubikora inshuro nyinshi.

Muri plethysmography y'umubiri:

Muri iki, banagushyira agapira ku zuru. Hanyuma bakakwicaza mu gasanduku ka kare gasa n'ikirahure. Umuvuzi arafunga urugi. Ugomba kuguma mu nzu iminota itanu. Ntugahangayike, guhumeka imbere ntabwo bigoye.

Niba ufite ingorane zo kuba ahantu hafunganye (ni ukuvuga niba ufite ``claustrophobia''), bwira umuvuzi wawe mbere y'igihe. Azagufasha kumva umerewe neza.

Mu gihe uhumeka ukanasohora umunwa wawe, spirometer ipima impinduka mu muvuduko w'umwuka n'ingano yawo mu gasanduku, ikabara ingano y'ibihaha byawe.

Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku ikwirakwizwa ry'imyuka:

Aha kandi, agapira gashyirwa ku mazuru yawe. Iyo ushyize agapira mu kanwa, umuvuzi akubwira guhumeka umwuka urimo monoxide karubone ntoya cyane kandi yizewe (ibi ntacyo bizagutwara), fata umwuka wawe akanya gato, hanyuma uhumeke.

Iyo usohora umwuka, spirometer ipima ingano ya monoxide ya karuboni usohora. Ibi bigena ingano ya gazi yinjizwa mu bihaha byawe mu maraso yawe.

Mu kizamini cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri y'umutima n'ibihaha (CPET):

Muri ibi, umuvuzi aguhuza n'ibikoresho bipima umuvuduko w'umutima wawe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'urugero rwa ogisijeni mu maraso. Hanyuma, bagusaba kugenda ku igare ritameze neza cyangwa ku igare ritahagaze.

Mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, ibyo bikoresho byandika amakuru atandukanye yerekeye imikorere y'umutima wawe, ibihaha n'imitsi.

Iki kizamini cy'ibihaha kimara igihe kingana iki?

Ubusanzwe PFT ishobora gufata iminota iri hagati ya 15 na 45 kugira ngo irangire, bitewe n'umubare w'ibizamini wakoze ndetse n'ubufasha bwawe.

Niba wumva unaniwe cyangwa uzumva umeze nk'ufite isereri mu gihe cyo gupimwa, ntutinye kubimenyesha umuvuzi. Hanyuma ushobora gufata ikiruhuko hanyuma wongere utangire.

Ese iki kizamini kirababaza?

Oya, ikizamini cy’imikorere y’ibihaha ntabwo kibabaza. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kumva bameze nk’abazunguza umutwe, bafite umutwe uremereye, cyangwa bananiwe gato iyo bafashe umwuka mwinshi cyangwa bahumeka vuba. Ushobora kugira inkorora nke iyo uhumeka mu kanwa. Ariko, ibi bimenyetso bizashira nyuma y’igihe gito nyuma y’ikizamini.

Bigenda bite nyuma y'ikizamini?

Nyuma yo gupimwa, ushobora gutangira gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose muganga yagutegetse guhagarika, niba ihari, hanyuma ugasubira mu mirimo yawe isanzwe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Niba wumva uzuzumwe mu gihe cyo gupimwa, umuvuzi azagukurikirana kugeza igihe ibyo bimenyetso birangiye kandi ukabasha gutaha.

Bazakubwira kandi igihe uzabonera ibisubizo by'ibizamini byawe.

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'iki kizamini?

Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha ni byiza cyane . Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, nta ngaruka zikomeye zibaho, uretse kugira isereri n'umunaniro uterwa no guhumeka cyane. Ibi bimenyetso nabyo birashira nyuma y'igihe.

Ariko, ni gake cyane , hari abantu bashobora kurwara indwara yitwa pneumothorax (ikihaha cyacitse). Nanone, umuvuduko w'umutima wawe ushobora kwiyongera gato mu gihe cyo gufata PFT. Kubwibyo, niba uherutse kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa ufite izindi ndwara z'umutima, ni ngombwa cyane kubibwira muganga wawe cyangwa umuvuzi mbere y'igihe.

Ni ibihe bisubizo mbona? Bimbwira iki?

Umuganga w’indwara zo mu myanya y’ubuhumekero agereranya amanota y’ibizamini byawe n’ikigereranyo cy’imyaka yawe, uburebure, igitsina, n’ubwoko bwawe. Hari "urwego rusanzwe" rwitezwe kuri buri wese.

Bizagenda bite nintsindwa iki kizamini?

Dore ikibazo, nta kintu kivugwa nka "PFT yananiranye". Niba ibisubizo byawe biri hanze y'urugero rusanzwe, bivuze "ibidasanzwe," bivuze ko hashobora kuba hari ikibazo mu bihaha byawe. Niba ari uko bimeze, muganga wawe azakubwira icyo kibazo maze afate umwanzuro niba hari ibindi bipimo bikenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane neza indwara cyangwa gahunda yo kuvura ugomba gutangira. Bityo rero ntutinye ibisubizo.

Ni ryari nzamenya ibisubizo by'ibizamini byanjye?

Ubusanzwe ugomba kubona ibisubizo bya PFT mu minsi mike . Muganga wawe azabikumenyesha. Niba utaramenya amakuru ya muganga wawe cyangwa ivuriro ryawe mu minsi mike, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe cyangwa ivuriro ryawe.

Niba urwaye indwara y'ibihaha, ushobora gukenera gukomeza ibi bizamini mu gihe kizaza kugira ngo ukurikirane uko indwara yawe igenda itera imbere.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Sawa, twavuze cyane ku bipimo by'imikorere y'ibihaha, si byo se?

Ingingo nyamukuru ni uko PFTs ari ikizamini kidababaza kandi cyizewe cyo kugenzura ubuzima bw'ibihaha byawe. Zishobora kumenya impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu mikorere y'ibihaha byawe n'imikorere y'ibihaha byawe.

• Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko gukorora guhoraho, guhumeka nabi, cyangwa gufungana mu gatuza, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Ni we ushobora kumenya niba ukeneye "(PFT)".
• Kurikiza amabwiriza yatanzwe mbere y'ikizamini neza neza.
• Niba wumva umerewe nabi mu gihe cyo gupimwa, bwira umuvuzi.
• Ntugatinye ibisubizo. Nubwo haba hari ikibazo, ushobora kubona ubuvuzi bukenewe kuri cyo.

Ni ingenzi cyane kwita ku buzima bw'ibihaha byawe, kuko ibihaha bizima ni ingenzi kugira ngo ubeho neza!

Ibipimo by'ibihaha , PFT, spirometry, ibibazo byo guhumeka, asima, COPD, indwara z'ibihaha