Reka tumenye urwego rwawe rwa AST. (Aspartate Transferase - AST) Ibyo bivuze iki?

Ushobora kuba warabonye agaciro kitwa AST kuri raporo y'isuzuma ry'amaraso, cyangwa wumvise umuganga abivugaho. Rero, ushobora kuba wibaza uti "AST bisobanura iki?" Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye. Nk'uko wavugana n'inshuti yawe.

AST ni iki? Mu magambo make...

AST ni izina rigufi rya enzyme Aspartate Transferase . Hari igihe yitwa Aspartate Aminotransferase . Noneho ushobora kuba wibaza uti "Iyi enzyme ni iki?"

Tekereza, hari udukoresho duto twinshi mu mibiri yacu dufasha ibintu bitandukanye gukora neza. Enzymes ni nk'izo. Mu by'ukuri ni ubwoko bwa poroteyine. Iyi enzyme yitwa AST iboneka ahantu henshi mu mibiri yacu. Iboneka cyane cyane mu mwijima . Ariko kandi, iyi enzyme ya AST iboneka mu zindi ngingo nyinshi nko mu mutima, mu bwonko, mu impyiko, mu mpyiko no mu mitsi. Ariko, akenshi, iyo tuvuze kuri AST, akenshi ifitanye isano n'ubuzima bw'umwijima wacu.

None se ikizamini cy'amaraso cya AST ni iki?

Ikizamini cy'amaraso cya AST gipima ingano ya AST mu maraso yawe. Ubusanzwe, iyo uturemangingo tw'umubiri wacu twangiritse, iyi enzyme ya AST ishobora kwirundanya mu maraso. Kubwibyo, urugero rwa AST ruri hejuru mu maraso ni ikimenyetso cy'uko hari ikintu gishobora kuba kitameze neza mu mubiri. Akenshi (ariko si buri gihe) ibi bishobora kuba indwara y'umwijima.

Ariko, AST ntabwo iboneka mu mwijima gusa. Kubwibyo, biragoye kwa muganga kumenya neza ubwoko bw'indwara ufite hashingiwe ku rugero rwa AST gusa. Akenshi, ikizamini cya AST gikorwa hamwe n'ibindi bizamini byinshi. Urugero, bikorwa nk'igice cya panel ya enzyme y'umwijima (HFP) cyangwa panel yuzuye ya metabolic (CMP) . Ibi bigufasha gupima ibintu byinshi mu gipimo kimwe cy'amaraso no kubona ishusho yuzuye y'ubuzima bwawe.

Ikizamini cya AST gifite andi mazina menshi:

• Guhindura aspartate (AST).
• Aminotransferase ya Aspartate (AST).
• Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT).
• SGOT.
• Transaminase ya Aspartate.

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya AST na ALT ni irihe?

Ushobora kuba warumvise ikindi kintu cyitwa ALT hamwe na AST. ALT (Alanine Transferase) ni indi enzyme ipimwa mu mwijima. Ibi byombi birekurwa mu maraso iyo uturemangingo tw’umwijima twangiritse.

Ariko, bitandukanye na AST, ALT ni enzyme iboneka cyane cyane mu mwijima. AST iboneka mu bindi bice byinshi by'umubiri. Kubwibyo, urugero rwa ALT ruri hejuru rufatwa nk'ikimenyetso cyihariye cy'indwara y'umwijima kuruta urugero rwa AST ruri hejuru . Ariko, iyo umuganga areba ubuzima bw'umwijima, akenshi basuzuma AST na ALT hamwe.

Kuki nkeneye ikizamini cya AST?

Intego nyamukuru y'ikizamini cya AST ni ukumenya ibyangiritse ku tunyangingo mu mubiri wacu. Ibi bifasha kumenya ibibazo by'umwijima, cyane cyane iyo uturemangingo two mu mwijima twangiritse, kuko AST yirundanya mu maraso. Byongeye kandi, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, urugero rwa AST rushobora kwiyongera nubwo uturemangingo twangiritse ahandi mu mubiri.

Muganga ashobora kugusaba gukora ikizamini cya AST (akenshi nk'igice cy'itsinda ry'abaganga) kubera impamvu nka:

1. Gusuzuma mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara

Hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara y'umwijima. Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago, ushobora kwipimisha kugira ngo urebe uko umwijima wawe umeze mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara. Ibi bintu birimo:

• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi.
• Kugira indwara y'umwijima mu muryango.
• Diyabete.
• Umubyibuho ukabije (ubwiyongere bw'ibinure mu mubiri).
• Gutera imiti hifashishijwe inshinge zikoreshwa n'abandi.

Hari igihe ikizamini cya AST gishyirwa muri Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) nk'igice cy'isuzuma ry'ubuzima risanzwe, bityo ushobora gukenera iki kizamini nubwo utari mu kaga ko kurwara umwijima.

2. Kugenzura ikibazo (Gukurikirana)

Niba usanzwe ufite indwara y'umwijima, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka iki kizamini cya AST kugira ngo arebe niba kirimo koroherwa, kigenda kirushaho kumera nabi, cyangwa niba kimeze neza iyo kivuwe. Nanone, niba ufata imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwijima, iki kizamini nacyo gikorwa kugira ngo barebe niba umuti uri kwangiza umwijima.

3. Nk'inkunga mu gusuzuma indwara (Gusuzuma indwara)

Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umwijima, ikizamini cya AST gishobora gushyirwa mu bizamini kugira ngo kigufashe kuyisuzuma. Nubwo urwego rwa AST rwonyine rudashobora gusuzuma indwara, ni igice cy'ingenzi mu gikorwa cyo gusuzuma.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso by'indwara y'umwijima ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kugira isesemi cyangwa kuruka.
• Kubabara mu gifu (ububabare bwo mu nda).
• Uruhu ruryana.
• Jaundice (umuhondo w'uruhu n'umweru w'amaso).
• Kumva unaniwe kenshi (umunaniro).
• Ibiryo nta buryohe bwabyo.

Ni nde upima amaraso ya AST? Bikorwa bite?

Ubusanzwe, umuntu watojwe by’umwihariko gufata ingero z’amaraso, witwa phlebotomist, afata iyi ngero y’amaraso. Ariko, umuganga wese watojwe gufata amaraso ashobora kubikora. Hanyuma iyo ngero yoherezwa muri laboratwari. Aho ngaho, umuhanga mu bya laboratwari y’ubuvuzi asuzuma ingero hanyuma agapima urwego rwa AST akoresheje imashini zidasanzwe (analyzers).

Hari icyo ngomba gukora mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

• Kwiyiriza ubusa: Niba ikizamini cyawe cya AST kiri muri Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP), ushobora gusabwa kwiyiriza ubusa (nturye cyangwa ngo unywe ikindi kintu uretse amazi) amasaha 10-12 mbere yo gupimwa amaraso. Ariko, niba urimo gukora ikizamini cya AST gusa cyangwa Hepatic Function Panel (HFP) gusa, ubusanzwe ntugomba kwiyiriza ubusa. Ariko,Kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
• Amakuru ku miti: Ugomba kubwira muganga wawe imiti yose, vitamine, n'inyongeramusaruro urimo gufata. Imiti imwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa AST. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba guhagarika kuyifata iminsi mike mbere yo kwipimisha, keretse ubibwiwe. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose muganga wawe atabikubwiye.

Bigenda bite iyo utanze amaraso?

Ibi biroroshye cyane.

• Uzicara ku ntebe. Hanyuma hazaboneka umutsi ukubereye mu kuboko kwawe (ubusanzwe munsi y'inkokora, imbere).
• Iyo umutsi ubonetse, aho hantu hasukurwa kandi hagaterwa imiti yica udukoko.
• Hanyuma, urushinge ruto rushyirwa muri uwo mutsi hanyuma amaraso agafatwa. Ibi bishobora kubabaza gato, nk'aho urumwe n'ikimonyo.
• Nyuma yo gushyiramo urushinge, amaraso make akusanywa mu muyoboro w'ibizamini.
• Umaze gukusanya amaraso ahagije yo gupima, kura urushinge hanyuma ushyireho igitutu aho amaraso yaviriye ukoresheje ipamba cyangwa agatambaro kugira ngo amaraso ahagarike.
• Hanyuma, hashyirwa plaster aho hantu maze akazi kararangira.

Ubusanzwe iyi gahunda yose imara iminota iri munsi y'itanu.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo gutanga amaraso?

Nyuma yo kohereza amaraso muri laboratwari, ibisubizo bizaboneka mu munsi umwe cyangwa ibiri. Hari igihe bishobora gufata igihe kirekire. Muganga wawe azakubwira ibisubizo nibigera.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi muri ibi?

Gupima amaraso ni ikizamini gisanzwe kandi cy'ingenzi. Ingaruka ni nke cyane. Hashobora kubaho gukomereka no kubabara aho amaraso akurwa. Ariko ibyo bizashira vuba.

Ibisubizo by'ikizamini cya AST bivuze iki?

Raporo y'isuzuma ry'amaraso ubusanzwe iba irimo amakuru akurikira hamwe n'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwa AST:

• Izina ry'ikizamini cy'amaraso (cyitwa AST).
• Ingano (agaciro) ka AST mu maraso yawe.
• Ingano isanzwe y'icyo kizamini.
• Niba igisubizo cyawe ari gisanzwe cyangwa kidasanzwe (cyaba kiri hejuru cyangwa kiri hasi).

Ni uruhe rugero rusanzwe rwa AST?

Ingano isanzwe ya AST ishobora gutandukana gato bitewe na laboratwari imwe n'indi. Ingano isanzwe ni hagati ya 8 na 33 U/L (ibice/litiro) . Ariko, ni ngombwa kureba ingano isanzwe kuri raporo yawe.

Nanone, ibuka ko nta rwego rumwe "rusanzwe" rwa AST rukora kuri buri wese. Urwego rwiza rwa AST rushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ibintu nka:

• imyaka yawe.
• Ubugore bwawe/ubugabo bwawe.
• Ubwoko bwawe.
• Uburemere bwawe.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi byose maze afate umwanzuro ku bisubizo byawe.

Bisobanura iki niba urugero rwanjye rwa AST ruri hejuru?

Iyo urugero rwa AST ruri hejuru, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara y'umwijima.Niba hari ibindi bipimo by'amaraso, cyane cyane ibifitanye isano n'umwijima, nabyo bidasanzwe, birashoboka cyane ko warwara indwara y'umwijima. Ariko, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, urugero rwa AST rushobora kwiyongera iyo uturemangingo two mu bindi bice by'umubiri twangiritse, cyane cyane mu mwijima.

Ingano ya AST iri hejuru ishobora kugaragaza indwara z'umwijima nka:

• Kwangirika k'umwijima guterwa n'inzoga.
• Hepatite.
• Inkovu z'umwijima (Cirrhose).
• Gufata imiti yangiza umwijima (uburozi).
• Ikibyimba cy'umwijima cyangwa kanseri y'umwijima.
• Kugabanuka kw'amaraso ajya mu mwijima (Liver Ischemia) (ibi bishobora gutuma ingirabuzima fatizo z'umwijima zipfa).

Byongeye kandi, indwara zidafitanye isano itaziguye n'umwijima zishobora no gutera urugero rwa AST ruri hejuru:

• Kwiyongera cyane kw'icyuma mu mubiri (Hemochromatosis) (ibi byangiza umutima, umwijima na pancreas).
• Indwara y'umutima (Myocardial Infarction).
• Mononucleosis ni umuriro.
• Indwara z'imitsi.
• Kubyimba kwa pancreatitis (Pancreatite).

Uretse ibi bintu, urugero rwa AST rushobora no kwiyongera by'agateganyo nyuma y'ibintu nk'ibi:

• Ubushye bwinshi.
• Kubabara mu nda.
• Kubagwa cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'umutima.
• Kubagwa.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeye.
• Niba utwite.

Igikuru ni uko urugero rwo hejuru rwa AST rudasobanura ko ufite indwara ikomeye. Hari n'ibindi bintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka kuri ibi. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibindi bipimo by'amaraso, amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, n'ibindi byose kugira ngo afate umwanzuro.

Ese nkwiye guhangayikishwa niba ibisubizo byanjye bya AST biri hejuru?

Niba urwego rwawe rwa AST ruri hejuru y’urugero rusanzwe rwatanzwe kuri raporo y’ibizamini byawe bya AST, ntabwo bivuze ko ufite indwara ikeneye kuvurwa. Ndetse n’umuntu ufite umwijima muzima kandi ukora neza ashobora kugira urwego rwa AST rurenze urugero rusanzwe. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’impamvu nyinshi, urugero:

• imyaka yawe.
• Ubugore bwawe/ubugabo bwawe.
• Ubwoko bwawe.
• Indyo yawe.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Gufata imiti igira ingaruka ku rugero rwa AST.
• Uratwite.

Muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi bintu byose, hamwe n'ibindi bisubizo by'amaraso yawe, maze afate umwanzuro niba ukeneye ibindi bipimo.

Niba ibisubizo byanjye bya AST bitameze neza, ese nzakenera gukorerwa ibindi bipimo?

Yego, niba urugero rwawe rwa AST rudasobanutse neza, muganga wawe ashobora gusaba ko hakorwa ibindi bipimo bike. Ibi bipimo birimo:

• Subiramo isuzuma ry'amaraso rya AST.
• Ibindi bipimo by'amaraso (urugero: ALT, Bilirubin).
• Ibizamini byo gupima (urugero: Ultrasound scan).
• Uburyo bwo gusuzuma indwara ya biopsy.

Ni ryari ngomba guhamagara muganga?

• Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umwijima (urugero: umuhondo, ububabare bwo mu gifu), hamagara muganga wawe vuba.
• Niba usanzwe uzi ko urwaye umwijima, bwira muganga wawe niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa biteye impungenge.
• Niba ufite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose ku bisubizo bya AST, ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane ugomba kuzirikana (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ni ibisanzwe kumva uhangayitse gato iyo ubonye agaciro kadasanzwe ku gipimo cy'amaraso. Ariko ibuka ko kuba urugero rwawe rwa AST ruri hejuru ntibivuze ko ufite indwara cyangwa ukeneye kuvurwa. Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa AST. Umuntu umwe kuri 20 muzima ashobora kugira ibisubizo bitari ku rugero rusanzwe.

Muganga wawe azafata icyemezo niba ukeneye gukora ibindi bipimo kugira ngo amenye impamvu y'iyi ngingo idasanzwe. Rero, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe. Urabyumva?

AST , umwijima, enzymes, isuzuma ry'amaraso, SGOT, indwara z'umwijima, isuzuma ry'ubuzima