Ni iki iyi mitsi y'ubururu iri mu mubiri wacu? Reka twige ku mitsi mu buryo bworoshye!

Ese wigeze wibaza icyo iyo mitsi y'ubururu iri munsi y'uruhu rwawe ari cyo n'icyo ikora? Hari igihe uyibona iyo urebye amaboko cyangwa amaguru yawe, sibyo? Iyo mitsi ni yo tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'urusobe rw'amaraso yacu, ari na cyo cy'ingenzi mu gutembera kw'amaraso. Mu by'ukuri, 75% by'amaraso ari mu mubiri wawe aba ari muri iyo mitsi. Ntabwo ari ibintu bitangaje?

None se iyi mitsi ni iki?

Mu magambo make, imitsi ni ubwoko bw'imitsi itembera mu mubiri wawe wose. Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugukusanya amaraso adahumeka neza mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri no kuyagarura mu mutima. Tekereza nawe, uturemangingo two mu mubiri wacu dukoresha ogisijeni kugira ngo dukore. Iyo bikoreshejwe, amaraso asigaye adahumeka neza agomba kugarurwa mu mutima kugira ngo yozwe. Ibyo nibyo imitsi ikora. Iyi mitsi, hamwe n'indi mitsi y'amaraso n'umutima, bituma amaraso yacu atembera mu mubiri wacu wose.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amaraso atembera mu mitsi? Ese bitandukanye n'imitsi?

Yego, hari itandukaniro rinini hano. Imitsi itwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni . Ni ukuvuga amaraso atwara ogisijeni iva mu mutima ijya mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Ariko, imitsi, nk'uko nabivuze mbere, itwara amaraso afite ogisijeni nke . Ariko, hari ikintu kimwe kidasanzwe kuri ibi, kikaba ari ikibazo cyihariye. Kandi iyo ni imitsi y'ibihaha . Iyi mitsi iherereye hagati y'umutima wawe n'ibihaha byawe. Iyi mitsi ine y'ibihaha izana amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni yakusanyijwe mu bihaha ikayasubiza mu mutima. Hanyuma umutima usubiza ayo maraso mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Urabyumva?

Iyi mitsi (Venule) ni iyihe?

Imitsi y'amaraso ni imitsi mito cyane kandi yoroheje. Ni nk'inzira nto zihuza imitsi yacu minini. Iyi mitsi ihuza amaraso ava mu mitsi mito cyane mu mubiri wacu n'imitsi minini. Muri iyo mitsi niho umwuka uhumeka ujya mu turemangingo twacu, imyanda igashyirwa mu maraso. Ayo maraso afite umwuka muke n'imyanda anyura mu mitsi ajya mu mitsi, maze akava aho agasubira mu mutima. Nubwo iyi mitsi ari migari gato kurusha imitsi isanzwe, ni mito cyane kurusha imitsi. Bivugwa ko ari mito inshuro zigera kuri 16 ugereranyije n'imitsi isanzwe.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri kiba ku mitsi?

Imitsi ifite intego ebyiri z'ingenzi: 1. Gukusanya amaraso yakuwe mu mubiri wose no kuyasubiza mu mutima. 2. Gutwara amaraso yakuwe mu bihaha ajyanwa mu mutima. (Imitsi y'ibihaha ni yo yonyine ikora ibi, wibuka?) Rero, imikorere ya buri mutsi iterwa n'aho iherereye mu mubiri. Urusobe rw'imitsi yose rwitwa sisitemu y'imitsi .

Iyi mitsi ni iyihe?

Sisitemu y'imitsi ni urusobe rw'imitsi mu mubiri wawe, n'uburyo ihuza n'indi mitsi n'ingingo z'amaraso. Igabanyijemo imiyoboro ibiri y'ingenzi: 1. Urugendo rw'imitsi 2. Urugendo rw'imitsi . Tekereza nk'inzira y'isiganwa. Imodoka y'isiganwa igomba kugenda mu buryo bwuzuye. Ariko ntishobora gukomeza gukora idakoresheje lisansi kandi igakora ibikorwa bike byo kuyitunganya. Uko ni ko amaraso yacu akora. Amaraso nayo agomba kongeramo umwuka wa ogisijeni no kuvanwa mu myanda nka dioxyde de carbone. Noneho reka turebe uko ibi bibaho. Mbere na mbere, reka turebe urugendo rw'imitsi . Uru ni urugendo runini runyura mu mubiri wawe, kuva mu maboko yawe kugeza ku maguru. 1. Amaraso meza kandi afite ogisijeni iva mu mutima ikajya mu mitsi. 2. Imitsi yigabanyamo imiyoboro mito, yitwa arterioles, hanyuma ikagera mu mitsi. 3. Muri mitsi, amaraso atanga ogisijeni mu ngingo z'umubiri, kandi akavanamo imyanda na dioxyde de carbone. 4. Ubu amaraso afite ogisijeni nke kandi afite imyanda myinshi. Bityo agomba kongera "kongera" kongeramo umwuka. 5. Aya maraso aterana mu mitsi, hanyuma akava aho akajya mu mitsi. 6. Imitsi igarura aya maraso yakuwemo umwuka mu mutima. Aya maraso yinjira mu mutima anyuze mu mitsi ibiri minini. Ni vena cava iruta izindi na vena cava iciriritse . Noneho, ubu amaraso amaze kugera mu mutima, inzira y'umubiri irarangiye. Hanyuma tugomba gukomeza inzira y'ibihaha . 1. Muri iyi nzira, amaraso adahumeka umwuka mwiza yinjiye mu mutima ajya mu bihaha. 2. Mu bihaha, amaraso yongera gushyirwamo umwuka (nk'aho yongerwamo umwuka). 3. Amaraso akize kandi meza agaruka mu mutima anyuze mu mitsi y'ibihaha . (Iki ni cyo gihe cyonyine imitsi itwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni!) 4. Hanyuma umutima usubiza aya maraso meza mu nzira y'umubiri, ugatangira uruziga rushya. Si uburyo butangaje? Ibi byose bibaho buri gihe, bidahagarara, mu mibiri yacu.

Imitsi isa ite? Kuki isa n'ubururu?

Imitsi yawe ni urusobe rw'imitsi y'amaraso inyura mu mubiri wawe. Ikwirakwira nk'insinga iri muri mudasobwa, cyangwa nk'amashami y'igiti cyubitse hasi. Mu maguru yawe, isa n'amashami abiri manini agabanyijemo amashami mato menshi. Abantu benshi batekereza ko imitsi ari ubururu kuko isa n'ubururu munsi y'uruhu rwacu. Ariko ibyo si byo. Uko ni ko amaso yacu abibona.

Amaraso yo mu mitsi mu by’ukuri ni umutuku wijimye. Ni umukara gato kurusha amaraso yo mu mitsi, kuko amaraso yo mu mitsi afite ogisijeni nke. Impamvu asa n’ubururu munsi y’uruhu rwacu ni ukubera uburyo uruhu rwacu rwinjiza urumuri. Amaraso ahora atukura, mu mitsi no mu mitsi.

Imitsi ikorwa n'iki?

Buri mutsi ugizwe n'ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'ingingo:

• Tunica adventitia: Uru ni urwego rwo hanze cyane. Ruha umutsi imiterere n'imiterere yawo.
• Tunica media: Uru ni urwego rwo hagati. Rurimo uturemangingo tw’imitsi tworoshye. Uru rwego rufasha imitsi kwaguka no kwigabanya uko amaraso atemba.
• Tunica intima: Uru ni rwo ruhererekane rw'imbere kandi rworoshye. Rurimo ubwoko bwihariye bw'ingirabuzimafatizo zitwa endothelial cells . Izi ngirabuzimafatizo zemerera amaraso gutembera mu miyoboro y'amaraso nta nkomyi.

Imitsi y'amaraso nayo ifite ibice bitatu, ariko imitsi itandukanye n'imitsi y'amaraso mu buryo bumwe na bumwe.

• Utugozi tw’inzira imwe: Imitsi imwe, cyane cyane iyo mu maguru, ifite utwogozi twemerera amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa . Utwo dugozi dutuma amaraso atembera mu murongo ugororotse yerekeza ku mutima kandi tukawubuza gutembera inyuma. Iyo utwo dugozi twangiritse, amaraso ashobora gutembera inyuma, bigatera indwara nk’imitsi iri mu bwonko .
• Ubunini bw'inkuta: Inkuta z'imitsi ni ntoya ugereranyije n'inkuta z'imitsi, kandi zifite imitsi mike. Ibi biterwa nuko umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mitsi uba uri hasi ugereranije n'uwo mu mitsi yo mu mitsi. Kubwibyo, ntabwo zigomba kuba nini cyane kugira ngo zihangane n'uwo muvuduko.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'imitsi?

Hari ubwoko butatu bw'imitsi ifasha sisitemu yacu yo kuzenguruka kw'amaraso gukora neza: 1. Imitsi miremire: Iyi iherereye mu mitsi yacu no ku magufwa yacu. Iyi mitsi miremire ikora akazi k'ingenzi ko kugarura amaraso adahumeka neza mu mutima. Hafi 90% by'amaraso ajya mu mutima, cyane cyane ava ku maguru yawe, anyura muri iyi mitsi miremire. Iyi mitsi ifite imitsi navuze mbere yemerera amaraso gutembera mu cyerekezo kimwe gusa. 2. Imitsi yo hejuru: Iyi akenshi iba mito kuruta imitsi miremire. Kimwe n'imitsi miremire, ifite kandi imitsi. Ariko ntikikijwe n'imitsi nk'imitsi miremire. Ahubwo, iba iri munsi y'uruhu. Niyo mpamvu ushobora kuyibona byoroshye. Iyi ni imitsi y'ubururu ubona munsi y'uruhu rw'amaboko n'amaguru yawe. Iyi mitsi yo hejuru ikusanya amaraso mu ngingo zegereye uruhu ikayohereza mu mitsi miremire (binyuze mu mitsi yihariye ihuza). Ariko aya maraso atemba buhoro buhoro, kuko nta gitutu kiva mu mitsi ikikije. Umutsi munini mu mubiri wacu ni umutsi wo hejuru. Witwa umutsi munini wa saphenous . Uva ku kaguru kawe ukagera ku itako ryawe muri buri kuguru. 3. Imitsi itobora: Iyi rimwe na rimwe yitwa imitsi itobora. Iyi ni imitsi migufi cyane. Ifata amaraso mu mitsi yo hejuru ikayahuza n'imitsi miremire. Iyi mitsi itobora ifite kandi imitsi. Iyo imitsi y'inyana yawe irakomera, iyi mitsi irafunga. Hanyuma amaraso yo mu mitsi miremire arahagarara gusubira mu mitsi yo hejuru.

Amaraso atembera mu mitsi atembera? Umutima ntutera imbaraga zihagije?

Nubwo umutima upompa amaraso, ajya mu mitsi. Kugira ngo amaraso ari mu mitsi agaruke mu mutima, hakenewe ubufasha bw'ingufu zo hanze.

• Uko uhumeka: Iyo uhumeka, ibihaha byawe birakura kandi diaphragm yawe irazamuka ikanamanuka. Ibi bitanga imbaraga zo gukurura zifasha gusunika amaraso adahumeka neza mu mitsi yawe agaruka mu mutima wawe.
• Imitsi igenda: Cyane cyane imitsi yo mu maguru yawe! Ese wari uzi ko imitsi yo mu maguru yawe ifasha mu gukurura amaraso mu kirere, ari nayo mpamvu imitsi yo mu maguru yawe yitwa "umutima wa kabiri."

"Umutima wa kabiri" ni iki?

Ushobora kuba utabizi, ariko imitsi yo mu kuguru kwawe ko hasi, cyane cyane imitsi yo mu kibuno cyawe, ikora nk'imashini zikomeye. Isunika imitsi miremire yo mu kuguru kwawe ko hasi. Uyu "mutima wa kabiri" (umutima wo mu nkengero) utera intambwe igihe cyose uteye intambwe.

• Iyo ushyize ikirenge cyawe hasi, uburemere bw'umubiri wawe bushyira igitutu ku mitsi miremire yo mu maguru yawe yo hasi. Amaraso ari muri iyo mitsi ahita asunikwa hejuru yerekeza mu gice cy'imbere.
• Hanyuma, iyo uzamura amaguru yawe , imitsi yawe y'inyana irakomera, ikanda imitsi miremire aho ngaho. Hanyuma amaraso arushaho kuzamuka, yerekeza ku matako.

Iyi gahunda itangaje niyo ituma amaraso yo mu maguru no mu birenge byawe azamuka arwanya imbaraga rukuruzi maze akagaruka mu mutima wawe.

Bitandukanye n'umutima uri mu gituza cyawe, uyu mutima wa kabiri utangira gutera gusa iyo amaguru yawe agenda. Kandi umuvuduko utera uratandukana bitewe n'uburyo wihuta amaguru yawe. Iyo wiruka, imitsi yawe itera amaraso vuba kurusha iyo ugenda.

Ariko, uyu mutima wa kabiri ni wo wemerera amaraso yawe gutembera mu mubiri wawe wose, bigatuma ingingo zawe n'ingingo zawe bikomeza kwakira ogisijeni n'intungamubiri, bigatuma bikora neza.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kugaragara zifitanye isano n'imitsi?

Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kubaho iyo imitsi idakora neza. Zimwe muri zo ni izi:

• Indwara yo kuvura amaraso mu buryo budasanzwe : Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso apfunditse mu mitsi iri munsi y'uruhu. Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara ntijya mu bihaha. Ariko, ishobora kubaho iyo iyo ndwara ipfunditse mu mitsi miremire.
• Indwara yo mu mitsi miremire ( DVT ): Iyi ni indwara ikomeye.DVT ni ukurema kw'amaraso afunganye (thrombi) mu mitsi yo mu nda. Ibi bikunze kubaho mu maguru cyangwa mu kibuno. Iyo aya maraso acitse mu mitsi akagendana n'amaraso ajya mu bihaha, bishobora gutera indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa pulmonary embolism .
• Imitsi y'imitsi ya Varicose: Iyi ni imitsi isa n'aho yabyimbye kandi igoramye. Nubwo ishobora kutagira ingaruka zikomeye, ishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye, nko kubyimba kw'amaraso.
• Kudakora neza kw'imitsi mu maraso: Iyo utunyangingo tw'amaguru yawe dutuma amaraso atembera mu cyerekezo kimwe twangiritse, ntidushobora kongera kuvoma amaraso mu mutima wawe neza. Ibi akenshi biterwa na DVT.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bishobora kugaragaza ikibazo cy'imitsi?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe. Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

• Kubyimba amaguru, uturenge, n'ibirenge, cyane cyane iyo umuntu ahagaze igihe kirekire.
• Ububabare cyangwa ububabare iyo ubikozeho.
• Kumva unaniwe , ubabara, kandi ufite ibinya mu maguru.
• Uruhu rwo ku maguru ruhinduka nk'igice cy'uruhu.
• Uruhu rwumye kandi rucitse ku maguru cyangwa mu birenge, cyangwa uburyaryate.

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, cyangwa niba ubonye imitsi ifite umuhengeri cyangwa ibibyimba utari ufite mbere, jya kwa muganga ako kanya. Indwara nyinshi z'imitsi zishobora kuvurwa neza iyo zifashwe hakiri kare. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane gufata indwara nka DVT mbere yuko ihinduka indwara yo mu bihaha.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe ubuzima bw'imitsi?

Muganga wawe azakubwira amateka y'ubuzima bwawe kandi agukorere isuzuma ry'umubiri. Ashobora kandi gutegeka ko upimwa Doppler ultrasound n'ibipimo by'amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba hari indwara nka DVT.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibibazo by'imitsi?

Kuvura indwara zo mu mitsi bigamije ahanini kugabanya ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso, gushonga kw'amaraso asanzwe, no kugabanya ibimenyetso.

• Imiti igabanya amaraso mu maraso: Iyi ikoreshwa cyane mu kuvura DVT no gukumira indwara zo mu bihaha. Ingero zirimo warfarin, rivaroxaban, na apixaban. Muganga wawe azasuzuma amaraso yawe buri gihe kugira ngo arebe uburyo umuti ukora neza kandi ahindure urugero rw'umuti ukwiye. Igipimo kiragabanuka igihe cyose bishoboka kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago byo kuva amaraso.
• Imiti ikuraho amaraso: Iyi ntikoreshwa buri gihe. Igira akamaro cyane iyo itanzwe mu masaha 48 nyuma y’uko amaraso atangiye kugabanuka.
• Uburyo bwo kubaga :Ibi ntibikunze gukorwa, ariko ku bantu badashobora gufata imiti igabanya amaraso, gushyiramo akayunguruzo ka vena cava bishobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Hari kandi ibintu ushobora gukora mu rugo. Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira kwambara amasogisi yo gukanda . Aya afasha kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso mu maguru yawe. Ubwoko butandukanye bw'amasogisi butanga igitutu gitandukanye. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha guhitamo imashini ikubereye. Uburyo bwo kuvura bwo gukanda ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite imyaka irenga 2,000!

Ni iki nakora kugira ngo imitsi yanjye ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza?

Hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo imitsi yawe ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Niba usanzwe ufite ibibazo by'imitsi cyangwa ufite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera ibyago, ni ngombwa gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Ntukagume mu mwanya umwe igihe kirekire. Niba wicaye umunsi wose, haguruka ugende iminota ibiri cyangwa itatu buri saha. Iyo wicaye, shyira hejuru amaguru yawe hanyuma upfukame utuguru. Uko ugenda urushaho kwimura amaguru yawe, niko imitsi yawe izarushaho kwaguka imitsi igasubiza amaraso mu mutima wawe.
• Komeza kugira isuku y'ibirenge byawe kugira ngo wirinde kwandura indwara. Ibi bivuze ko ibirenge byawe bisukuye kandi byumye. Ushobora kandi gukoresha amavuta yo kwisiga kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika no kuva amaraso.
• Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye niba imiti yo kugabanya amaraso ikubereye. Nanone, bwira muganga wawe niba hari impinduka mu bimenyetso byawe.

Nubwo udafite ibibazo by'imitsi, ushobora gukora ibi bintu byoroheje buri munsi kugira ngo imitsi yawe ikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza:

• Haguruka ugende uko bishoboka kose umunsi wose, kandi umubiri wawe ukomeze kugenda. Ibi bizamura urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso.
• Genda utembera (nibura iminsi itanu mu cyumweru, nibura iminota 30).
• Kurya indyo yuzuye umutima, ni bwo uzabasha kugumana ibiro byiza.
• Mu gihe ugiye mu rugendo rurerure mu modoka cyangwa mu ndege, haguruka nyuma y'igihe gito, gendagenda, kandi urambure umubiri wawe.
• Nubona ibimenyetso by'ikibazo cy'imitsi, nubwo byaba bisa n'ibito, hita ugana muganga. Kumenya ibibazo hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kubikumira ko bikomeye kurushaho.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

Akenshi ntidutekereza ku buryo imitima yacu n'imitsi y'amaraso bikora cyane iyo twicaye gusa, si byo se? Kugira ngo ukomeze gukora, urusobe rw'amaraso yawe rugomba gukomeza gukora. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kwita ku mubiri wawe mu buryo bufasha amaraso yawe gutembera neza kandi neza.

Imitsi ni ingenzi cyane kandi ni igice cy'ingenzi cy'urusobe rw'amaraso. Hamwe n'umutima, imitsi, n'imitsi ikora buri munsi kugira ngo itware amaraso mu mubiri wawe wose.

Iyo uri mu rugendo rurerure, ntukibagirwe guhaguruka no kugendagenda uko bishoboka kose. Ndetse no kuzamura amaguru no gupfuka imitsi bishobora gufasha imitsi yo mu maguru yawe gusubiza amaraso mu mutima wawe. Niba utekereza ko ufite ikibazo cy'imitsi, jya kwa muganga ako kanya maze uganire ku bimenyetso byawe. Ibibazo byinshi by'imitsi biravurwa cyane iyo bifashwe hakiri kare!