Ufite ubushobozi bwo kureba neza? (Ikizamini cy'ubuhanga bwo kureba) Reka tubirebe.

Ese wigeze ureba ku kibaho kiriho imirongo y'inyandiko ku rukuta iyo ugiye kwa muganga w'amaso? Ibyo ni byo dukunze kwita (Ikizamini cyo Kubona). Muri make, ni ikizamini cyo kureba uko amaso yawe ameze neza. "Kubona neza" ni byo abaganga bita ubukana bw'amaso yawe.

Kuki iki (Ikizamini cyo Kubona Ubushobozi bwo Kubona) ari ingenzi cyane?

Tekereza, wumva udashobora kubona ibintu biri kure gato, cyangwa inyuguti zo mu kinyamakuru zisa n'izidasobanutse neza. Dore uburyo bwihuse bwo kumenya niba hari impinduka mu maso yawe. Nyuma y'iki kizamini, inzobere mu by'amaso izagena niba ukeneye kwambara indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z'amaso, cyangwa niba usanzwe uzikoresha, niba ukeneye guhindura ingufu.

Igikuru ni ukubonana na muganga w’amaso ako kanya niba ubonye impinduka mu iyerekwa ryawe. Birashoboka ko indorerwamo zawe zigomba guhindurwaho gato. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe kutabona neza bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’indi ndwara igira ingaruka ku maso.

Ikizamini cy'ubuhanga bwo kureba gikorwa ryari? Ni iki gishobora kuvumbura?

Ubusanzwe, iyo ugiye kwisuzumisha amaso, iki gipimo (Visual Acuity Test) kiba kirangiye. Abaganga babikora kugira ngo bamenye impinduka mu kureba kwawe uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Hari ibibazo byinshi byo kutabona bishobora kugaragara muri iki kizamini:

• Myopia : Kudashobora kubona neza ibintu biri kure.
• Kureba hafi (Hyperopia): Kudashobora kubona ibintu biri hafi, cyane cyane iyo usoma.
• Astigmatisme : Kutabona neza biterwa nuko ijisho ritareba neza urumuri.
• Presbyopia : Kubura ubushobozi bwo kureba hafi uko tugenda dusaza. Akenshi bitangira nyuma y'imyaka 40.
• Ubuhumyi bw'amabara : Kutabasha gutandukanya amabara amwe n'amwe.

Ugomba gusuzumwa amaso kangahe?

Mu gusuzuma amaso yawe no kureba neza, umuganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kumenya ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose hakiri kare . Inshuro zo gupimwa amaso yawe akenshi ziratandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe:

• Abana bato: Ugomba gusuzumisha amaso y'umwana wawe na muganga w'abana buri gihe cyo gusura umwana urwaye kugeza atangiye ishuri, hanyuma buri mwaka cyangwa ibiri nyuma y'ibyo.
• Abantu bakuru bari munsi y'imyaka 40: Buri myaka itanu kugeza ku icumi.
• Abantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 40 na 54: Buri myaka ibiri kugeza kuri ine.
• Abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 55: Rimwe mu mwaka kugeza kuri itatu.

Ariko, niba wambaye indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses, cyangwa ufite indwara nka diyabete, ushobora gukenera gusuzumwa amaso yawe kenshi . Ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe w'amaso inshuro ugomba gusuzumwa amaso yawe.

Ni nde ukora ibi (Ikizamini cyo Kubona Ubushobozi bwo Kubona)?

Akenshi, iki kizamini gikorwa n'inzobere mu by'amaso , ishobora kuba inzobere mu by'amaso cyangwa inzobere mu by'amaso.

Hari igihe n'umuganga wawe w'indwara rusange ashobora kubikora (Visual Acuity Test), cyane cyane iyo ugiye kumureba afite ibimenyetso by'amaso.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ikizamini cyo kubona neza (Visual Acuity Test) gihari?

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima amaso yawe. Dore bumwe mu bwoko bukunze gukoreshwa mu gupima ubushobozi bwo kureba:

• Imbonerahamwe y'amaso ya Snellen: Iki ni ikibaho kirimo imirongo y'inyuguti ku rukuta wibuka iyo wumvise iby'isuzuma ry'amaso. Inyuguti ni nini hejuru, kandi inyuguti zigenda ziba nto uko umanuka. Muganga azakubwira kuzisoma kugeza igihe uzisomye neza. Hari aho zigaragara ku rukuta cyangwa zigaragara ku gishushanyo.

• Imbonerahamwe ya E idasanzwe: Iyi isa n'imbonerahamwe ya Snellen. Ariko aho kugira inyuguti zitandukanye, ifite inyuguti "E" gusa. Inyuguti E ni nto kandi nto, izunguruka, irahindukiye, kandi irahindukira mu byerekezo bitandukanye. Ugomba kuyisoma kugeza igihe utazi aho inyuguti E iri.

• Ikizamini cyo kureba neza: Muri iki kizamini, muganga agufata umutwe hanyuma akawuzunguza buhoro buhoro kuva ku ruhande rumwe kugera ku rundi kugira ngo arebe niba ubona neza. Iki kizamini kireba niba ushobora gukomeza amaso yawe mu gihe umutwe wawe urimo kugenda (ibi byitwa vestibulo-ocular reflex).

• Ikizamini cyo kureba mu jisho ry’umugongo: Iki ni ikizamini cyagenewe by’umwihariko kumenya niba umuntu atareba neza, cyangwa myopia. Kimwe n’ikizamini gisanzwe, uhabwa igikoresho cyitwa paddle gipfuka ijisho rimwe. Ariko, gifite umwobo umwe cyangwa myinshi mito (pinholes). Aho kureba mu rindi jisho, usoma imbonerahamwe ya Snellen cyangwa Random E unyuze muri iyo myenge.

• Ibizamini by'ubuhanga bwo kureba ku bana: Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo gupima ubushobozi bwo kureba ku bana b'imyaka itandukanye. Ushobora kuba warumvise ibya Cardiff by'ubuhanga bwo kureba. Bimwe muri ibi bizamini bikoresha amashusho cyangwa ibishushanyo aho gukoresha inyuguti. Ushobora kandi guhabwa inyuguti ku rupapuro rutandukanye hanyuma ugasabwa guhuza inyuguti ziri ku mbonerahamwe y'urukuta.

Ni gute wakora ikizamini cyo kubona neza?

Ibyinshi mu bipimo by'ubuhanga bwo kureba bikorwa muri ubu buryo:

1. Uzashyirwa cyangwa uzashyirwaho aho uhagaze nko muri metero 20 uvuye ku cyapa kiriho inyuguti.

2. Hanyuma muganga azakubwira gufunga ijisho rimwe (akenshi ukoresheje ukuboko kwawe, cyangwa ukoresheje ako kabaho gato).

3. Hanyuma, babwirwa gusoma buhoro buhoro uhereye ku murongo wo hejuru w'inyuguti nini cyane umanuka .

4. Ugomba gukomeza gusoma kugeza igihe utazongera kubona neza inyuguti cyangwa ibimenyetso .

5. Umaze kurangiza ijisho rimwe, funga irindi jisho hanyuma wongere ugerageze kuva ku ntangiriro.

Nta kibazo kugerageza gukeka niba ufite ikibazo cyo gusoma inyuguti uko zigenda zigabanuka. Ariko, niba utangiye kubona inyuguti zitagaragara cyangwa zigahura n'ingorane zo gusoma, bwira muganga wawe. Ntugahindukire amaso cyangwa ngo unanize amaso. Intego y'iki kizamini ni ukumenya neza uko ubona. Rero ntugahangayikishwe no "gutsindwa" cyangwa "gutsindwa".

Niba usanzwe wambaye indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses, muganga wawe ashobora kubikora (Visual Acuity Test) inshuro nyinshi. Ibi bivuze ko kureba kwawe kuzasuzumwa haba udafite indorerwamo zawe (ibi byitwa uncorrected vision) ndetse no mu ndorerwamo zawe (ibi byitwa corrected vision).

Ese hari icyo nkeneye gutegura mbere y'iki gikorwa (Ikizamini cyo Kubona Ubushobozi bwo Kubona)?

Oya, nta kwitegura kwihariye gukenewe. Niba wambaye indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z'amaso, menya neza ko uzazana iyo uje kwipimisha amaso. Muganga ashobora kuzakuvanamo agasuzuma amaso yawe atameze neza.

Ni iki kibaho nyuma y'ikizamini cyo kubona neza?

Nyuma y'uko ikizamini cyo kureba neza kirangiye, umuganga w'amaso azarangiza igice gisigaye cy'ikizamini cy'amaso. Ushobora kandi gukenera gukora ibindi bizamini, nko gusuzuma itara rya Slit. Ibi bizasuzuma izindi ndwara zishobora kugira ingaruka ku maso yawe, nka:

• Indwara z'amaso
• Glaucoma (Glaucoma)
• Kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'amaso

Ese hari ingaruka ziri muri ibi (Ikizamini cyo Kubona Ubushobozi bwo Kubona)?

Nta ngaruka zihari. Ushobora kumva umerewe nabi udafite indorerwamo cyangwa contact lenses, ariko ibi ni iby'igihe gito. Ushobora kongera kubyambara muganga akimara gusuzuma amaso yawe.

Ni ibihe bisubizo by'ikizamini cyo kubona neza?

Ibisubizo byawe bya Visual Acuity Test biza ari igice gito. Ibi bikwereka uburyo kureba kwawe kutakosowe ari byiza.

Ushobora kuba wibuka ko kureba 20/20 byitwa kureba neza. Kugira kureba 20/20 bivuze ko ushobora kubona neza ikintu kiri muri metero 30 uvuye aho uri. Hari abantu batekereza ko kureba 20/20 bivuze kureba "gutunganye". Ariko mu by'ukuri bivuze kubona neza cyangwa mu buryo busanzwe .

Abantu benshi ntibabona neza badafite indorerwamo cyangwa ama-contact lenses. Mu by’ukuri, 35% by’abantu bakuru muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ni bo bonyine babona neza badafite amaso neza badafite amaso menshi.

Nyuma yo gupimwa amaso, umuganga w'amaso azakubwira icyo ugomba gukora kugira ngo ukosore amaso yawe. Uburyo busanzwe ni ukwambara indorerwamo cyangwa lentile zo mu maso. Niba wamaze kwambara, bishobora no guhindurwa kugira ngo bihuze n'impinduka zabonetse mu isuzuma.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe, hita ubonana n'umuganga w'amaso wawe .

Niba ubona nabi cyane mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa ugatakaza ijisho rimwe cyangwa yombi, jya kwa muganga byihutirwa vuba.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka

Nubwo utazi icyo ikizamini cyo kureba neza ari cyo, birashoboka ko wabikoze mbere. Gusoma uhereye hejuru kugeza hasi kuri urwo rubaho ni igice cyingenzi cy'isuzuma ry'amaso risanzwe. Uko byaba bimeze kose, muganga wawe akoresha ikizamini cyo kureba neza, vuga ukuri ku rugero ushobora kubona n'urwo utabona. Nubwo hari filime zimwe na zimwe zisetsa abantu bafite amaso make bakora iki kizamini, si ikizamini "cyananiranye" cyangwa "kibi".

Hafi ya buri wese yumva aruhutse, amerewe neza, kandi afite umutekano nyuma yo gupimwa ubushobozi bwo kureba no kubona ubufasha akeneye kugira ngo akosore uburyo abona. Niba ufite impungenge cyangwa ubonye impinduka mu bushobozi bwo kureba cyangwa amaso yawe, vugana n'inzobere mu by'amaso yawe.

` Kubona, ikizamini cyo kureba, ikizamini cyo kubona neza, imbonerahamwe y'amaso, myopia, indorerwamo, umuganga w'amaso, ikizamini cy'amaso, imbonerahamwe ya Snellen