Uburyo butangaje bwo gushyigikira umubiri wacu: Reka twige byose ku magufwa!

Ese wigeze utekereza ku magufwa ari mu mibiri yacu? Ushobora kuyatekerezaho iyo ukomeretse ahantu runaka, cyangwa iyo uguye ukiri umwana ukavunika ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru. Ariko mu by'ukuri aya magufwa ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane kandi gitangaje cy'imibiri yacu. Rero, uyu munsi turaganira birambuye kuri aya magufwa, imikorere yayo, n'uburyo bwo kuyakomeza.

Mu by'ukuri aya magufwa ni iki?

Mu magambo make, amagufwa yawe ni yo ashyigikira umubiri wawe. Ameze nk'inkingi iri imbere mu nkuta iyo wubaka inzu. Niba wararebye ibiganiro bya televiziyo bivuga ku kubaka amazu, ushobora kuba warabonye inkingi n'imitako biri imbere mu nzu. Uko ni ko amagufwa yacu ameze. Ibi ni byo biha imibiri yacu ishusho, bikayikomeza ihagaze, kandi bikadufasha kugenda, kwiruka, gusimbuka, no gukora imirimo itandukanye. Akozwe mu ngingo zikomeye kandi zikomeye.

Ushobora gutekereza ko amagufwa adafite ubuzima, ni ibintu bikomeye gusa. Ariko, ntugatangare, amagufwa ni ingingo nzima, kimwe n'indi mibiri yacu. Yego, ni ukuri. Igihe cyose tukiriho, aya magufwa akomeje gukura, guhinduka, no kwivugurura. Mu by'ukuri, ahora avugururwa.

Niba wumva ububabare budasanzwe buturutse imbere mu mubiri wawe (ububabare bw'amagufwa), gana muganga. Nanone, niba utekereza ko wagize impanuka ukavunika igufwa, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga ako kanya.

Ni iyihe serivisi amagufwa atanga ku mubiri wacu?

Amagufwa ntakora umurimo umwe gusa ku mibiri yacu, ahubwo akora byinshi. Reka turebe bimwe mu by'ingenzi.

• Ishyigikira umubiri: Amagufwa atuma umubiri wacu uhora uhagaze neza kandi ugakomera iyo duhagaze, twicaye, kandi dusinziriye.
• Bifasha mu kugenda: Amagufwa afasha muri ibi bintu byose iyo tugenda, twiruka, kandi tugenda amaguru n'amaboko. Ariko si amagufwa gusa, ahubwo ni n'imitsi, imitsi n'imitsi. Ibi byose bikorana kugira ngo bitume tugenda.
• Irinda ingingo z'ingenzi: Tekereza ku bwonko buri mu mutwe wacu. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kumva ibintu bungana iki? Ubwonko burinzwe n'uburyo bw'amagufwa bwitwa igihanga. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, ingingo z'ingenzi nk'umutima n'ibihaha biri mu gituza cyacu birinzwe n'amagufwa yitwa imbavu.
• Umwobo w'amagufwa ubika kandi urinda: Imbere mu magufwa hari ikintu cy'ingenzi cyitwa umwobo w'amagufwa. Umeze nk'urugingo rw'amavuta kandi rworoshye. Ni muri uwo mwobo w'amagufwa hakorwa ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'ingenzi ku mubiri wacu.
• Uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso: Utwo ni two dutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wose.
• Uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru: Ibi ni byo biturinda mu kurwanya indwara.
• Platelets: Izi ni zo zifasha mu kugenzura kuva amaraso iyo bibaye.

Urabona, amagufwa si ibice by'umubiri gusa, akora umurimo w'ingenzi cyane!

Amagufwa ari he?

Iki ni ikibazo cyoroshye cyane. Amagufwa ari hose mu mibiri yacu. Kuva ku mutwe kugeza ku mano!

Dufite amagufwa angahe mu mubiri wacu?

Umubiri w'umuntu mukuru ubusanzwe uba ufite amagufwa ari hagati ya 206 na 213. Ariko igitangaje ni uko umwana uvutse aba afite amagufwa agera kuri 270! Nyuma, ayo magufwa mato arahuza agakora igikanka cy'umuntu mukuru.

Hari abantu bashobora kuba bafite amagufwa menshi gato kurusha abandi. Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera:

• Hari abantu bashobora kugira itandukaniro mu mubare w'imbavu mu gituza cyabo.
• Hashobora kubaho itandukaniro rito mu mubare w'amagufwa yo mu mugongo.
• Umuntu ufite umubare muto cyane w'amagufwa ku biganza cyangwa ku birenge bye, aba afite umubare muto w'amagufwa.

Ni iyihe miterere y'amagufwa? Ashyirwa mu byiciro ate?

Ubusanzwe abaganga bashyira amagufwa mu byiciro bakurikije imiterere n'ingano yayo. Reka turebe ubwoko bw'ingenzi.

Amagufwa maremare

Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, aya ni yo magufwa maremare mu mubiri. Dufite ubwoko bw'amagufwa mu maboko no mu maguru yacu cyane cyane. Urugero, igufwa ryo mu itako `(Femur)` (iri mu kuguru ko hejuru), igufwa ryo mu kuboko `(Humerus)` (iri mu kuboko ko hejuru). Nanone, amagufwa abiri yo mu kuguru ko hasi yitwa `(Tibia)` (igufwa ryo mu ruti rw'umugongo) na `(Fibula)` (igufwa ry'inyana) na yo ni amagufwa maremare.

Amagufwa magufi

Aya ni magufi ugereranyije n'amagufwa maremare kandi ntakomeye cyane. Ingero z'amagufwa magufi zirimo amagufwa yo mu biganza byacu no mu maboko yacu, n'igufwa rya talus mu tuguru.

Amagufwa arambuye

Ayo magufwa ni manini kandi ntazengurutse cyane ugereranyije n'andi. Ni amagufwa arambuye, nk'ibisate bigize umutwe wacu, imbavu zo mu gituza cyacu, n'agatsinsino ko mu igufwa ryacu.

Amagufwa ya Sesamoid

Aya ni ay’umwihariko. Aya magufwa aba ari mu mitsi cyangwa mu mitsi. Ntabwo ahujwe kimwe n’andi magufwa, ahubwo aba ari mu ngingo. Ivi (patella) hamwe n’amwe mu magufwa ya metacarpal ari mu ntoki ni ingero nziza z’aya magufwa.

Amagufwa akozwe mu ki?

Amagufwa agizwe ahanini n'uturemangingo na poroteyine. Igice cy'igufwa gikomeye kandi gikomeye cyitwa cortex. Icyo ni igice cy'igufwa gikomeye, gisa n'igikonoshwa ureba ku mashusho. Imbere muri iki gice cy'igufwa hari urwego rwitwa igufwa rya cancellous, cyangwa igufwa rimeze nk'isugi. Ntabwo rikomeye nk'igufwa rya cancellous, ahubwo rirushaho koroha, kandi rifite utubyimba nk'isugi. Umwongo w'amagufwa yawe nawo uboneka muri iki gice cy'igufwa.

Amagufwa yacu avugurura uturemangingo twayo mu buzima bwacu bwose. Hari ubwoko bubiri bwihariye bw'uturemangingo bufasha muri ibi: osteoblasts na osteoclasts . Muri make, osteoblasts yubaka uturemangingo dushya tw'amagufwa. Osteoclasts zisenya uturemangingo tw'amagufwa shaje, twangiritse zikadukuraho, bigatuma habaho uturemangingo dushya kandi dufite ubuzima bwiza. Ibi ni nko gusana buri gihe.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira amagufwa?

Ibibazo bibiri by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku magufwa ni ukuvunika kw'amagufwa n'indwara zitwa osteoporosis.

Kuvunika kw'amagufwa

Gucika kw'igufwa ni ijambo ry'ubuvuzi risobanura igufwa ryavunitse. Muri make, ni ukuvunika kw'igufwa. Igufwa rishobora kuvunika no kugwa, impanuka y'imodoka, cyangwa indi mpanuka mu gihe cyo gukina siporo.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba wagize impanuka ukaba utekereza ko wavunitse igufwa, jya kwa muganga vuba. Ni ngombwa cyane ko imvune ipimwa kandi ikavurwa vuba na muganga kugira ngo igufwa rikire neza.

Indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis)

Osteoporose ni indwara aho amagufwa acika intege kandi byoroshye kuvunika. Abantu benshi bamenya ko bafite osteoporose iyo bamaze kuvunika igufwa. Ibi biterwa nuko akenshi nta bimenyetso bigaragara biba bifite.

Abagore n'abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 65 ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya osteoporosis. Niba uguye muri rimwe muri ayo matsinda y'ibyago, ni byiza kuganiriza muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Bishobora kumenya indwara ya osteoporosis mbere yuko igufwa rivunika.

Ni ubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo kuvura amagufwa?

Muri rusange, keretse niba waragize impanuka, nko kuvunika igufwa, cyangwa ukaba warafashwe n'indwara nka osteoporosis, amagufwa yawe ntakenera ubuvuzi bwihariye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura imvune

Iyo igufwa ryavunitse, uburyo rivurwa buterwa n'igufwa ryavunitse n'uburyo ryavunitse. Ushobora gukenera kwambara agapira ko gupfuka kugira ngo igufwa ryavunitse rigume mu mwanya waryo. Hari igihe biba ngombwa ko ubagwa kugira ngo igufwa rikomeze guteranywa no gukira.

Kuvura indwara yo gucika kw'amagufwa (osteoporosis)

Ibi bikurikira bishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya osteoporosis:

• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Gufata inyongeramusaruro za vitamine n'imyunyu ngugu (cyane cyane kalisiyumu na vitamine D)
• Imiti yandikiwe na muganga

Indwara yo kubura amagufwa ishobora kwirindwa hakoreshejwe imyitozo ngororamubiri no gufata intungamubiri zikenewe. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kubona uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura bujyanye n'ubuzima bwawe n'ubw'amagufwa yawe.

Ni gute nakomeza kugira amagufwa yanjye azima?

Ni ngombwa gukurikiza indyo n'imyitozo ngororamubiri bigirira akamaro ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'ubuzima bw'amagufwa. Nanone, iyo ugiye kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe, ushobora kumenya vuba ibibazo cyangwa ibimenyetso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku magufwa yawe.

• Niba ufite imyaka irenga 65, cyangwa niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe urwaye indwara yo kubura amaraso, ganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupima ubucucike bw'amagufwa.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye.By’umwihariko shyira mu ndyo yawe ibiryo bikungahaye kuri kalisiyumu na vitamine D (amata, yawurute, foromaje, imboga rwatsi, amafi mato). Ahantu heza ho kubona vitamine D ni mu zuba rya mu gitondo.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho. Imyitozo ngororamubiri nko kugenda, kwiruka no guterura ibiremereye ikomeza amagufwa.
• Irinde kunywa itabi kandi ugabanye kunywa inzoga. Izi ni mbi ku buzima bw'amagufwa.

Nanone, kurikiza izi nama zoroshye kugira ngo wirinde impanuka:

• Ambara imikandara y'imodoka igihe cyose ugenda mu modoka.
• Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda bikwiye mu gihe ukina siporo n'indi mirimo.
• Ntugasige ibintu byose mu rugo rwawe cyangwa aho ukorera bishobora kugwa. Bikomeze kumera neza.
• Mu gihe utora ikintu mu gisenge, koresha ibikoresho bikwiye (nk'urwego). Ntukigere uzamuka ku ntebe cyangwa ku meza.
• Niba ugorwa no kugenda cyangwa ufite ibyago byinshi byo kugwa, koresha inkoni cyangwa icyuma gifasha kugenda.

Ni irihe gufwa rirerire kandi rikomeye mu mubiri?

Igufwa rirerire mu mubiri wacu ni femur (iri hejuru y'ukuguru kwawe). Femur ku muntu mukuru ubusanzwe ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 35.

Nanone, igufwa rikomeye mu mubiri ni femur. Rishobora kwihanganira ibiro byawe inshuro zigera kuri 30! Biragoye kwiyumvisha, sibyo?

Ni irihe gufwa rito mu mubiri?

Amagufwa atatu mato mu mibiri yacu ari mu gutwi kwawe. Atwa ossicles. Aya magufwa atatu mato adufasha kumva. Atwara imivuduko y'amajwi mu gutwi kw'imbere. Malleus (inyundo), incus (anvil), na stapes (stirrup) byose bifite uburebure buri munsi ya santimetero imwe. Stapes ni yo magufwa mato muri aya - akenshi aba afite uburebure bwa milimetero 3.5.

Waba uri mu rugo, uri gutembera mu buryo bwihuse, cyangwa uri kwitoza isiganwa rya marato, amagufwa yawe ni yo ashyigikira umubiri wawe kandi akagukomeza kugenda (cyangwa akagufasha kuguma uhagaze ku ntebe!). Kuva ku igufwa rito mu gutwi kwawe kugeza ku igufwa rirerire mu kuguru kwawe, buri gufwa ryose mu mubiri wawe ni ingenzi.

Amaherezo, icyo ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Rero, ndizera ko ubu usobanukiwe neza iby'amagufwa.

Ikintu cyose ukora kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange nacyo kizagufasha gukomeza kugira amagufwa yawe akomeye kandi azima.

Ibyo bivuze kurya neza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda. Niba ufite imyaka irenga 65 cyangwa ufite amateka y'indwara y'amagufwa mu muryango wawe, menya neza ko waganiriye na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupimwa ubucucike bw'amagufwa. Amagufwa yacu ni ikintu cyiza cyane kizaturinda mu buzima bwacu bwose, bityo ni inshingano zacu kuyafata neza. Urabyumva?

Amagufwa , amagufwa, ubuzima bw'amagufwa, osteoporosis, kuvunika, kalisiyumu, vitamine D