Ese mu maraso yawe ufite uturemangingo dutukura tumeze nk'amahwa? Reka twige kuri (Acanthocytosis)!

Ese wigeze wumva iby’uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso mu maraso yawe? Ubusanzwe, tuba tumeze nk’utubuto duto duto. Ariko rimwe na rimwe, utu turemangingo dutukura dushobora guhindura imiterere tugahinduka nk’uturemangingo tudasanzwe, dufite iminkanyari, kandi dufite amahwa. Ni cyo ijambo ry’ubuvuzi ry’iki kibazo ryitwa `(Acanthocytosis)`. Tekereza gato, ijambo ry’Ikigiriki "acan" risobanura ihwa, ikintu gisa n’ihwa. "Cyte" bivuga ingirabuzimafatizo. Rero, "uturemangingo gisa n’ihwa" ni cyo gisobanuro cyoroshye cy’ibi.

Mu by’ukuri, twese dufite utu tunyangingo duto (Acanthocytes) mu maraso yacu. Akenshi ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko, niba ufite utu tunyangingo twinshi cyane mu maraso yawe, niho hatangira kuvuka ibibazo bito. Uzi ikibaho? Dufite urugingo rwitwa spleen . Rukora nk'akayunguruzo gasukura amaraso yacu. Icyo spleen ikora ni ukumenya uturemangingo shaje twangiritse mu maraso no kutwangiza. Rero, iyo utwo tunyangingo dutukura tw’amaraso dufite amahwa tunyuze mu spleen, spleen iratekereza iti: "Oh, izi zisa n'aho zangiritse gato, ntabwo zisa n'utunyangingo dusanzwe." Hanyuma spleen itangira gusenya utwo tunyangingo duto ku muvuduko wihuse. Iyo bibaye, umubare w'utunyangingo dutukura dufite ubuzima bwiza mu mubiri wawe ushobora kugabanuka. Ibi byitwa anemia cyangwa "hemolytic anemia". Ni ukuvuga kubura amaraso guterwa no kwangirika kw'utunyangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. Si ibyo gusa, iyi ndwara yitwa "Acanthocytosis" ishobora no kuba ikimenyetso cy'izindi ndwara nyinshi n'ingorane. Kubwibyo, iyo utwo turemangingo tw’amahwa tubonetse mu maraso, bishobora no gufasha abaganga gusuzuma izindi ndwara zihishe.

None se, ni ibihe bimenyetso dushobora kubona bitewe n'iyi `(Acanthocytosis)`?

Iyo urwagashya rwawe rwangiza vuba uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso bitewe n’indwara ya sickle cell, indwara yitwa "hemolytic anemia". Ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Guhinduka umuhondo ku ruhu no ku maso: Ibi kandi tubyita "jaundice", nk'uko bigenda iyo hari abantu barwaye umuriro w'umuhondo.
• Kumva unaniwe cyane: Si ukunanirwa gusa, ahubwo no kumva unaniwe uko waba usinziriye kose.
• Guhumeka nabi: Kumva uhumeka nabi nubwo wakoresha imbaraga nke (dyspnea).
• Umutima utera vuba: Kumva igituza cyawe gitera vuba cyane nubwo waba uhagaze gusa (tachycardia).
• Amaraso mu nkari: Hari igihe inkari zishobora guhinduka umutuku cyangwa umukara wijimye (hematuria).
• Kubabara mu nda: Ibi bikunze guterwa no kubyimba kw'umwobo.

Uretse ibi bimenyetso, hari n'ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kubaho bitewe n'indwara yatumye utwo turemangingo tw'ibicurane twibasira umubiri wawe. Tekereza kuri bamwe:

• Kugabanya ibiro: Niba uri umwana muto, gukura bishobora kugabanuka.
• Ibibazo byo guhuza imikorere y'imitsi: Nk'uko umuntu atakaza uburinganire (ataxia).
• Ingendo z'ibice by'umubiri umuntu adashobora kugenzura: urugero, guhumbya cyangwa guhindukiza ijosi (tics).
• Kugorwa no gutekereza no kwibuka: Kumva ko ubwonko bwawe buri kugenda buhoro (kunanirwa gutekereza).
• Ibibazo by'igogora.
• Amase y'impiswi adasa neza: Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ibinure bidatunganyijwe neza (steatorrhea).
• Inkari z'ibara ryijimye.

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka.

Kuki ubwoko bw'uturemangingo dufite iminkanyari tubumbira mu maraso yacu? Impamvu ni izihe?

Mu magambo make, impamvu nyamukuru ya `(Acanthocytosis)` ni ingaruka ku ruhu rw'inyuma rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, ni ukuvuga `(uruhererekane rw'uturemangingo). Uru ruhu rw'uturemangingo rugizwe n'ibinure `(lipide)` na poroteyine . Rero, iyo hari indwara cyangwa ikibazo kigira ingaruka kuri ibi bice by'ingenzi, imiterere isanzwe y'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso irahinduka maze tugatangira gufata iyo shusho nk'ihwa.

Utu turemangingo twahinduwe, nk'uko byavuzwe mbere, ntabwo byoroshye kuyungurura iyo tunyuze mu gahu. Kubwibyo, agahu karatwica. Hari igihe, aho gusenya utwo turemangingo, agahu karabyimba utundi duce twazo two mu migongo hanyuma kakatwohereza mu maraso. Utu turemangingo twahinduwe rimwe na rimwe twitwa `(uturemangingo twa spur)`.

Dore zimwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zitera acanthocytosis:

• Indwara ikomeye y'umwijima: Uturemangingo twa Spur akenshi ni ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye y'umwijima, rimwe na rimwe ikaba ishobora no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Hari abantu barwaye indwara y'umwijima bagira indwara yitwa spur cell anemia (SPA). Ibi bivuze ko bafite uturemangingo twa spur mu maraso yabo, kandi bafite umubare muto w'uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
• Abetalipoproteinemia: Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane, iterwa n'uturemangingo. Ni ukuvuga ko ivuka ku babyeyi ikagera ku bana. Iyi ndwara ituma umubiri udashobora kwinjiza neza ibinure na vitamine zishongesha ibinure (vitamine A, D, E, K).
• Neuroacanthocytosis: Iyi nayo ni indwara idakunze kugaragara mu buryo bw'uturemangingo. Ibi bitera kunanirwa kugenzura imigendere y'umubiri. Urugero, harimo chorea-acanthocytosis, McLeod syndrome, pantothenate-kinase associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), na Huntington's disease-like 2.

Uretse izi mpamvu z'ingenzi, hari izindi ndwara zishobora gutera `(Acanthocytosis):`

• Kubura ubushake bwo kurya ni indwara iterwa no kubura ubushake bwo kurya.
• Kugabanuka k'imikorere y'agahu ka tiroyide (Hypothyroidism).
• Indwara ya Myelodysplastic ni indwara y'umusemburo w'amagufwa.
• Indwara y'impyiko.
• Kubagwa gukuraho uruhago (splenectomy).
• Imiti imwe n'imwe (urugero, imiti igabanya cholesterol nka "statins").

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma indwara ya acanthocytosis?

Muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma indwara ya acanthocytosis akoresheje uburyo bwo gusuzuma amaraso mu maraso (PBS) . Ibi bisaba gufata icyitegererezo gito cy'amaraso yawe ukagisuzuma ukoresheje mikorosikopi. Ibi bizagaragaza neza ko hari utwo turemangingo tudasanzwe kandi dufite iminkanyari.

Hanyuma, kugira ngo umenye neza icyateye izi sebaceous cysts, uzakenera gupimwa amaraso menshi. Ibi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umubare w'amaraso yuzuye (CBC)
• Ibizamini by'imikorere y'umwijima
• Ibipimo by'imikorere y'impyiko
• Ibipimo by'imisemburo ya tiroyide
• Ikizamini cy'urugero rw'ibinure mu maraso `(Lipid panel)`
• Ibizamini bya Genetike: Reba niba hari impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zijyanye n'indwara zimwe na zimwe z'uruhererekane.

Byongeye kandi, muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gukoresha ibizamini nko gupima kugira ngo barebe niba hari ibyangiritse ku ngingo cyangwa ingingo ziri mu mubiri wawe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Uburyo bwo kuvura acanthocyte buterwa n'impamvu. Akenshi, iyo indwara yavuwe neza, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso dusubira kumera neza.

Tekereza kuri ibi, uburyo bwo kuvura indwara z'umwijima n'indwara nka "Neuroacanthocytosis" bugamije ahanini kugenzura ibimenyetso. Izi ndwara akenshi ziragoye gukira burundu. Zikunda kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ariko, mu ndwara zikomeye z'umwijima, hari aho gutera umwijima ari wo muti wonyine.

Niba ufite indwara ya genetiki yitwa abetalipoproteinemia, ushobora gukenera kugabanya kurya ibinure bitari byiza no kubona karori zihagije. Ushobora kandi gukenera gufata inyunganiramirire za vitamine kugira ngo umenye neza ko ubona vitamine zihagije (A, D, E, K) kugira ngo wubake uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso tuzima.

Iyo acanthocyte iterwa no kudakenera kurya cyangwa hypothyroidism, ubusanzwe iyo indwara yangiritse ivurwa, iyo bigaragaye ko hari umuti utera acanthocyte, iyo ndwara ihita ishira iyo imiti ihagaritswe.

Niba mfite iyi ndwara, ni iki nkwiye kwitega?

Hari ubwo indwara yitwa acanthocytosis ishobora gukira burundu iyo ivuwe. Ibi bivuze ko uturemangingo dutukura twongera kumera neza.

Ariko, akenshi, ingaruka ku buzima bwawe ziterwa n'icyateye iyi mikorobe y'ibinure n'uburyo utangira kuyivura vuba.

Urugero, indwara nka `(Neuroacanthocytosis)` na `(Abetalipoproteinemia)` zishobora kwangiza ingingo z'umubiri igihe kirekire. Ariko, iyo indwara igaragaye kandi ikavurwa hakiri kare,, bishobora kugabanya ukwiyongera kw'ibimenyetso.

Muri rusange, niba ufite `(Acanthocytosis)` ufite indwara y'umwijima, bishobora kuba bikomeye gato. Abantu benshi bafite `(spur cell anemia)` bapfa mu mezi make. Kubwibyo, uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya uko umerewe ni ukuvugishwa na muganga ukuvura. Azareba ubuzima bwawe muri rusange n'impamvu y'izi spur cells, kandi agusobanurire ibirimo kukubaho.

Ese hari uburyo bwo gukumira iyi `(Acanthocytosis)`?

Mu by’ukuri, niba indwara ya acanthocytosis iterwa n’indwara y’uturemangingo, nta buryo bwo kuyirinda. Kuko ari ikintu dukomokaho. Ariko hari ibyo dushobora gukora kugira ngo tugabanye ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara bitewe n’izindi mpamvu.

• Irinde cyangwa ugabanye kunywa inzoga: Ibi bishobora gufasha mu kwirinda indwara z'umwijima ziterwa n'inzoga.
• Kurya ibiryo bifite intungamubiri: Umubiri wawe ukeneye kubona intungamubiri zikwiye kugira ngo ukore uturemangingo dutukura tw’amaraso. Niba ukeneye ubufasha mu guhitamo ibiryo bikubereye, gisha inama inzobere mu mirire.
• Shaka ubuvuzi hakiri kare: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zitera sebaceous cysts zishobora gukomera vuba iyo zitavuwe. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga ibimenyetso bikimara kugaragara, gusuzuma ikibazo, no gutangira kuvura.

Ni gute nakwita ku buzima bwanjye?

Igikuru ni ugukurikiza uburyo muganga wawe yagutegetse ku ndwara itera indwara ya acanthocytosis.

Niba ufite ikibazo cy’uturemangingo cyitwa acanthocytosis, tekereza kugisha inama ku bijyanye n’uturemangingo . Umujyanama mu by’uturemangingo ashobora kukugira inama ku buryo iki kibazo gishobora kugira ingaruka kuri wewe no ku muryango wawe, ndetse n’amahirwe yo kuba waranduza abana bawe indwara y’uturemangingo itera iyo ndwara.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ntugatinye kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi:

• Ese nkwiye guhangayikishwa no kugira utu turemangingo tw’amahwa (Acanthocytes) mu maraso yanjye?
• Ni ibihe bizamini bindi nzakenera gukora kugira ngo menye icyabiteye?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi ungira inama?
• Ni ibihe bisubizo nshobora kwitega muri ubu buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ese nkwiye kubonana n'umujyanama mu by'imiterere y'umubiri (genetic consultant)?

Amaherezo, ngomba kuvuga... (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Iyo abaganga bakumenye, bareba kandi uko uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tugaragara. Iyo ufashwe `(Acanthocytosis)`, bivuze ko ufite uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tudasanzwe mu maraso yawe. Ntugahangayike. Hari igihe kuvurwa bishobora gutuma uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura twongera kumera neza. Cyangwa, bishobora gufasha mu kugenzura indwara isanzwe. Ariko, hari igihe kugira akantocytes mu maraso yawe bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye, nk'indwara ikomeye y'umwijima. Kubwibyo, muganga wawe ni we muntu mwiza wo gusobanura neza uburyo kugira `(Acanthocytosis)` bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe. Iyo wumvise ibyo avuga kandi ugakurikiza neza uburyo avurwa, iyo ndwara irashobora kugenzurwa.

Akantositosi , Uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura, Scutellaria, Impatwe, Anemia, Indwara z'umwijima