Niba ufite umuntu ukunda urwaye Down Syndrome mu muryango wawe, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo bitandukanye, ndetse wenda n'ubwoba buto, ku buzima bwe uko agenda akura. By'umwihariko, ushobora kuba warumvise izina "Alzheimer's Disease" kenshi. Ushobora kuba waribajije byinshi niba koko hari isano iri hagati y'izi ndwara ebyiri. Birumvikana ko zihari. Ariko mbere yuko ugira ubwoba, reka tubiganireho neza, mu buryo bworoshye kandi bworoheje.
Kuki abantu bafite Down syndrome bivugwa ko bari mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara Alzheimer?
Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe, tugomba gusubira ku gice cy'ibanze cy'umubiri wacu. Izo ni chromosomes zacu. Muri make, izi chromosomes ni nk' 'amabwiriza' ari muri buri karemangingo k'umubiri wacu. Ibintu byose kuva ku ibara ry'umusatsi wacu kugeza ku burebure bwacu bigenwa n'uturemangingo turimo izi chromosomes. Ubusanzwe, umuntu aba afite kopi ebyiri za buri bwoko bwa chromosomes.
Ariko, umuntu urwaye Down syndrome afite kopi y'inyongera ya chromosome 21, ni ukuvuga kopi eshatu . Uku niko bifitanye isano n'indwara ya Alzheimer: Ingirabuzimafatizo zigisha ikorwa rya poroteyine mbi (beta-amyloid) ishyirwa mu bwonko iyo indwara ya Alzheimer itangiye iherereye kuri chromosome imwe 21.
Rero, kubera ko hari kopi y’inyongera ya chromosome 21, umuntu urwaye Down syndrome akora iyi poroteyine mbi nyinshi mu bwonko bwe. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, izi poroteyine zirundanya zigakwirakwira hirya no hino ku turemangingo tw’ubwonko, zikangiza utwo turemangingo hanyuma zigatangira kutwica. Ibi nibyo bibaho mu ndwara ya Alzheimer.
Byongeye kandi, imibiri n'ubwonko by'abantu bafite Down syndrome bisaza vuba kurusha umuntu usanzwe (gusaza imburagihe) . Ni ukuvuga ko umubiri w'umuntu ufite Down syndrome w'imyaka 45 ushobora kuba usa n'uw'umuntu ufite imyaka 65 cyangwa 70 muri rusange. Uku gusaza vuba ni nabyo bitera indwara ya Alzheimer itangira hakiri kare.
Ibimenyetso bigaragara gute? Ese bitandukanye n'ibimenyetso bisanzwe bya Alzheimer?
Yego, iki ni ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Ibimenyetso by'indwara ya Alzheimer ku muntu urwaye Down syndrome bishobora gutandukana gato n'ibimenyetso by'umuntu usanzwe. Niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugorana kumenya iyi ndwara.
Iyo tuvuze indwara ya Alzheimer, akenshi dutekereza ku kubura kwibuka. Ariko ku muntu urwaye Down syndrome, kubura kwibuka bishobora kuba atari cyo kimenyetso cya mbere . Izindi mpinduka zishobora kugaragara mbere.
Reka turebe izo mpinduka ziri mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Ibimenyetso | Uko umuntu ufite Down syndrome asa |
|---|---|
| Akazi ka buri munsi | Ibintu washoboraga gukora wenyine, nko kwambara, kurya, kwiyuhagira no guteka icyayi, bisaba ubufasha. Gushishikazwa n'ubushobozi bwo gukora ibyo bintu bigenda bigabanuka buhoro buhoro. |
| Impinduka mu myitwarire | Mu buryo butunguranye, batangira kunangira, bakitwara mu buryo butari bwo, bagahangayika, cyangwa bagatangira guhagarara ku ruhande bucece, nta nyungu bafitiye urundi ruhande, batavuze. |
| Indwara nshya zo mu mutwe | Iki ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyane. Iyo umuntu utarigeze agira ibicurane mu buzima bwe atangiye kugira ibicurane bishya nyuma y'imyaka 40, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ya Alzheimer. |
| Ubushobozi bwo kwibuka no gutekereza | Nubwo kubura kwibuka bishobora kutagaragara mu ntangiriro, bishobora kubaho uko igihe kigenda gihita. Bigorana kwibuka ibintu bishya. Ubushobozi bwo guhitamo icyiza n'ikibi no gufata ibyemezo buragabanuka. |
| Kugorwa no kuvuga | Ushobora gutangira kuvuga gake, kugorwa no kubona amagambo, cyangwa se kutavuga nabi amagambo yawe. |
Igikuru ni ukubona impinduka mu myitwarire isanzwe y'umwana wawe cyangwa uwo mu muryango wawe (ibanze) . Kubera ko bafite ubumuga bwo kwiga kuva bakivuka, bishobora kugorana kumenya impinduka mu kwibuka. Ariko niba wumva uti "Uyu muntu ntiyari ameze gutya mbere, none ubu aratandukanye," icyo ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane.
Ingaruka zo kwiyongera k'ubuzima zigeze ku kigero kingana iki?
Indwara ya Alzheimer ikunze kugaragara mu bantu benshi nyuma y'imyaka 65. Ariko, ku muntu ufite Down syndrome, iyi ngaruka ibaho hakiri kare cyane.
- Imyaka 35Vuba aha, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu bagera kuri 25% (umwe muri bane) bafite Down syndrome bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya Alzheimer.
- Ku bantu benshi, ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara hagati mu myaka 40 cyangwa mu ntangiriro ya 50.
- Muri rusange, amahirwe yo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer ari hejuru y’inshuro eshatu kugeza kuri eshanu ugereranyije n’abaturage muri rusange.
Nkwiye gukora iki nk'umurinzi?
Aya makuru ashobora kugutera ubwoba. Ariko ntugatinye. Kumenya ni yo ntwaro nziza. Hari ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ushobora gukora.
1. Kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe: Ni ngombwa kujyana umwana wawe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe kwa muganga buri gihe. Cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 30, ganira na muganga wawe ku buryo bweruye ku byago byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer.
2. Isuzuma ry'ibanze: Mu myaka 30, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo upime kwibuka k'umwana wawe, imikorere ye ya buri munsi, n'imyitwarire ye. Ibi bizagufasha kumenya impinduka zose mu gihe kizaza.
3. Jya witondera impinduka: Uramuzi neza. Rero, ndetse n'impinduka ntoya ubona, ziyandike mu gitabo kirimo itariki n'isaha. Andika inyandiko nk'izi: "Ntabwo yashoboraga kwambara inkweto ze wenyine uyu munsi," "Yababaye cyane kuva mu cyumweru gishize." Ibi bizafasha cyane muganga.
4. Shaka abaganga vuba: Niba ubonye kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, ntutegereze kugeza nyuma kugira ngo ubone muganga wawe . Nubwo indwara ya Alzheimer idashobora gukira burundu, hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura n'ingamba zishobora gufasha mu gucunga ibimenyetso, kunoza ubuzima, no gutanga ihumure kuri wowe no ku murwayi.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Abantu bafite Down syndrome bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara ya Alzheimer kurusha abaturage muri rusange.
- Ibimenyetso bikunze gutangira mu myaka ya za 40 cyangwa mu ntangiriro ya za 50, mbere cyane y’uko biba ku bantu muri rusange.
- Aho kugira ngo habeho kwibagirwa, ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kuba birimo impinduka mu myitwarire, kunanirwa gukora imirimo ya buri munsi, cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe.
- Niba ubonye impinduka zigaragara mu myitwarire y'uwo ukunda, ubushobozi bwe, cyangwa ingeso ze za buri munsi, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe.
- Gusuzuma umurwayi hakiri kare no kumuvura neza bishobora gutuma ubuzima bwe burushaho kuba bwiza kandi bikaguha ihumure nk'umurwayi.
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