Reka twige ku mutsi mukuru w'amaraso mu mubiri wacu - umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta).

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo amaraso asunikwa n'umutima wawe agenda kuva ku mutwe wawe kugera ku birenge byawe? Umutsi munini w'amaraso mu mubiri wacu, utegura inzira y'uru rugendo rwose, ni aorta, cyangwa nk'uko tubivuga mu Cyongereza, aorta. Ni nk'umuhanda munini mu gihugu cyacu. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri uyu muhanda ukomeye.

Iyi aorta ni iki?

Mu magambo make, umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta) ni wo muyoboro munini w'amaraso (imitsi) mu mubiri wacu. Ni umuyoboro ugondama hejuru, nk'inkoni. Utangirira mu cyumba cyo hasi cy'ibumoso cy'umutima wawe (ventricle y'ibumoso). Kuva aho, uzamuka gato werekeza ku mutwe wawe, hanyuma ukongera kugororoka. Uyu muyoboro unyura mu gituza cyawe no mu nda, ukarangira hafi y'ikibuno cyawe.

Uyu mutsi munini unyura mu mitsi mito y'amaraso, nk'imihanda yo ku ruhande iva ku muhanda munini. Ni muri ayo mashami amaraso anyuramo akajya mu mitsi yose, imitsi, n'ingingo zose z'umubiri wawe.

Iki gipimo kingana iki?

Uyu ni wo mutsi w'amaraso munini mu mubiri wacu. Ureshya na santimetero imwe . Kandi ufite umurambararo wa santimetero imwe mu gice cyawo cyagutse. Uko umanuka, ni ukuvuga werekeza ku kibuno, urushaho kuba muto kugeza ugeze kuri santimetero ebyiri z'ubugari.

Aorta ikozwe mu ki?

Iyi ni imiterere igoye cyane. Ifite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'ingingo. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo.

Inshingano nyamukuru y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta) n'akamaro kawo

Akamaro k'ingenzi k'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta) ni ugutwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni ava mu mutima ajya mu gice cyose cy'umubiri . Si ibyo gusa, intungamubiri n'imisemburo nabyo binyuzwa muri uyu muyoboro w'amaraso. Amashami akura kuri uwo muyoboro w'amaraso yemeza ko ibyo bintu bigera ku ngingo z'imbere n'izindi ngingo z'umubiri.

Rero, iyo amaraso anyura muri uyu muyoboro abuze uburyo bwo gutembera bitewe n'indwara cyangwa impanuka runaka, ubuzima bushobora kuba mu kaga mu minota mike . Izi ni indwara zikomeye zishobora kubaho muri icyo gihe:

• Aneurysm y'imiyoboro y'amaraso
• Kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri (Kuva amaraso)
• Gucika kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu bwonko (aortic dissection)
• Kunanirwa kw'impyiko
• Igisebe cy'imitsi

Imiterere y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta) n'ibice byawo

Aorta ishobora kugabanywamo ibice byinshi. Reka turebe ibyo bice.

Ni ayahe mashami avuka kuri aorta?

Imitsi mito myinshi y'amaraso iva kuri aorta.

Amashami y'umuyoboro w'amaraso uzamuka

• Imitsi yo mu mutima: Iyi ni imitsi itanga amaraso mu mitsi y'umutima wawe.

Amashami y'umuyoboro munini w'amaraso

• Umubiri w'igitereko: Uyu wongera kugabanyukamo amashami abiri: umutsi w'iburyo wa subclavian, utanga amaraso ku kuboko kw'iburyo, n'umutsi w'iburyo wa carotid, utanga amaraso mu bwonko, uruhande rw'iburyo rw'ijosi, n'uruhande rw'iburyo rw'umutwe.
• Umutsi wo mu bwonko wo mu gice cy'ibumoso: Utanga amaraso ku kuboko kw'ibumoso no inyuma y'ubwonko.
• Umutsi w'amaraso wa carotide w'ibumoso: Utanga amaraso mu bwonko no ku ruhande rw'ibumoso rw'ijosi n'umutwe.

Amashami y'umuyoboro umanuka (mu gituza)

• Imitsi yo mu bwonko: Itanga amaraso mu miyoboro yo mu bwonko iri mu bihaha.
• Imitsi yo mu nda: Itanga amaraso mu muhogo, umuyoboro uhuza umuhogo n'igice cyo hejuru cy'igifu.

Amashami y'umuyoboro w'amaraso umanuka (mu gice cy'inda)

• Imitsi yo mu nda iri hasi: Shyira amaraso muri diaphragm yawe.
• Imitsi yo mu gifu cya Celiac: Itanga amaraso ku ngingo z'igifu, nko mu gifu, mu mwijima, mu mugongo, no mu icuraburindi.
• Imitsi yo mu mara ikora neza kandi idakora neza: Tanga amaraso mu mara yawe.
• Imitsi y'impyiko: Tanga amaraso mu mpyiko zawe.
• Imitsi yo mu bwonko:Itanga amaraso mu ntanga ngore mu bagore no mu mabya ku bagabo.
• Imitsi yo mu gituza: Itanga amaraso mu mitsi yo mu gituza, mu ruti rw'umugongo, mu mitsi, no ku ruhu rwo mu gice cyo hasi cy'umugongo.
• Imitsi yo mu nda ya Iliac: Itanga amaraso ku maguru.

Ni izihe ndwara zifata umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta)?

Indwara zitandukanye, ubumuga bw'ivuka, n'impanuka bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umuyoboro w'amaraso (aorta). Reka turebe zimwe muri izi ndwara.

Indwara y'imitsi y'amaraso (aortic valve)

• Gusubirana kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu mutima: Indwara aho imitsi idafunga neza, bigatuma amaraso asubira mu mutima aho gusohoka mu mubiri.
• Stenosisi y'imitsi: Umunyungugu w'imitsi urushaho gukomera no kuba muto, bigatuma amaraso atanyura.
• Indwara ya Bicuspid aortic valve: Nubwo ubusanzwe hagomba kuba hari cusps eshatu, muri iki kibazo valve ifite cusps ebyiri gusa. Nubwo iyi ari indwara umuntu avukana, ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu gihe umuntu akuze.

Imitsi irakura, iracika, kandi igaturika

• Aneurysm y'umuyoboro w'amaraso mu nda: Ahantu hadakomeye mu gice cy'urukuta rw'inda habyimba nk'umupira w'amaguru.
• Gucika kw'imitsi y'amaraso: Gucika kw'imitsi y'amaraso mu gice cy'imbere cy'imitsi y'amaraso, bigatuma amaraso ava hagati y'igice cy'imbere n'icy'imbere.
• Aorta yacitse: Gucika k'urukuta rw'aorta binyura mu bice byose uko ari bitatu. Ibi ni bibi cyane kuko amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni yinjira mu mubiri.

Indwara y'umutima yavukanye

• Guhuza imiyoboro y'amaraso: Kugabanya imiyoboro y'amaraso mu buryo budasanzwe, bigatuma umutima ugorwa no kupompa amaraso mu mubiri wose.
• Indwara y'umutima y'ibumoso iterwa n'ubusembwa bw'umutima (HLHS): Itsinda ry'ubumuga bw'umutima buvukana bugira ingaruka ku ruhande rw'ibumoso rw'umutima. Muri abo bana, umuyoboro w'amaraso uba muto cyane ku buryo utabasha gukora.
• Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA): Umwobo uri hagati y'umuyoboro w'amaraso n'imitsi y'ibihaha udafunga wonyine nyuma yo kuvuka, bigatuma amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni yinjira mu bihaha.

Izindi ndwara

• Aortic atherosclerosis: Ibinure byishyize mu nkuta z'imbere z'aorta.
• Aortite: Kubyimba inkuta z'aorta.
• Ihungabana ry'imitsi: Kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika kw'imitsi bitewe n'impanuka ikomeye, nko kugwa uvuye uburebure cyangwa impanuka y'imodoka yihuta cyane.
• Gufungana mu mitsi: Gufungana kw'amaraso mu mitsi minini y'amaraso, nko mu mitsi ifungana, bigahagarika amaraso atembera.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara izi ndwara?

Mu by'ukuri, zimwe mu ndwara zikomeye zo mu mitsi, cyane cyaneKurwara imitsi no gucika kw'imitsi bishobora kuba umurage. Indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata ingirabuzimafatizo zishobora no gutera indwara y'imitsi minini.

Byongeye kandi, ibyago byawe biriyongera iyo ufite ibi bikurikira:

• Imyaka igenda yiyongera: Ingaruka ziyongera uko imyaka igenda ikura.
• Indwara zidakira zangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso:
• Indwara y'ibihaha idakira (COPD)
• Diyabete
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso
• Kolesteroli nyinshi
• Kugona (Sleep apnea)
• Ingaruka ku mibereho:
• Kunywa itabi cyangwa gukoresha ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi
• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi
• Guhangayika
• Kuba uruhande rw'abagabo.

Ni iki twakora kugira ngo twirinde izi ndwara?

Ubusembwa bw'abana bavukana, indwara ziterwa n'uturemangingo, n'impanuka biragoye kwirinda. Ariko hari byinshi dushobora gukora kugira ngo twirinde izindi ndwara z'imitsi itera imitsi y'umutima.

• Kurikira ubuzima bwiza. Kurya indyo yuzuye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ni ingenzi cyane.
• Niba ufite indwara idakira nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, cholesterol nyinshi, cyangwa diyabete, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza . Fata imiti yawe neza uko wabitegetswe.
• Kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika burundu kunywa inzoga .
• Shaka uburyo bwo gucunga imihangayiko .
• Reka kunywa itabi n'ibindi bicuruzwa by'itabi burundu.

Kuri ibi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima indwara nka `CT scan`, `MRI` cyangwa `Angiography`. Hashingiwe ku makuru yavuye muri ibi, birashoboka ko habaho ikibazo, kandi nibiba ngombwa, ubuvuzi bushobora gutangwa mbere y’igihe kugira ngo hirindwe ko cyaba.