Ese ntufite lens mu jisho ryawe? Reka tuvuge kuri Aphakia!

Ese wigeze ubona ibintu mu buryo butagaragara neza, nk'aho kamera igenda ihinduka? Hari igihe tudashobora kubona ibintu neza, byaba biri hafi cyangwa kure. Ikibazo gikomeye kurushaho ni indwara yitwa aphakia. Mu magambo make, iki ni igihe lens iri mu jisho ryawe iba yashize burundu. None rero uyu munsi, reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye .

Ahakia ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Reka tubanze turebe icyo ijambo 'Aphakia' risobanura. Igisobanuro cyoroshye cy'ibi ni ukutagira lens karemano mu jisho ryawe. Urabizi, mu jisho ryacu, hari igice cy'amabara, ari cyo 'Iris', n'akadomo k'umukara hagati, ari cyo 'Pupil', inyuma yaryo hari lens. Iyi lens ikora nk'iy'ifoto ya kamera. Akamaro nyamukuru k'iyi lens ni ugukusanya imirasire y'urumuri iva hanze, kuyishyira ku murongo, no kuyohereza nk'ishusho isobanutse kuri 'Retina' iri inyuma y'ijisho. Tekereza rero, byagenda bite iyi lens iramutse itakaye? Ni bwo ibintu byose bitangira kugaragara nabi kandi bitasobanutse neza.

Iyo iyi ndwara ya aphakia igaragara mu jisho rimwe gusa, tuyita unilateral aphakia cyangwa monocular aphakia. Bitabaye ibyo, niba amaso yombi adafite lens, yitwa bilateral aphakia.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Aphakia na Pseudophakia?

Noneho ushobora kumva irindi jambo, ari ryo pseudophakia. Ntukavange ibyo byombi.

• Ahakia ni ukutagira lens karemano mu jisho.
• Pseudophakia ni ukwinjizwa kwa lenzi y’ubukorano (Intraocular Lens - IOL) mu jisho. Akenshi, cataract iravuka, maze lenzi y’ubukorano irakurwaho ikabagwa igasimbuzwa iyi lenzi y’ubukorano.

Mu magambo make, aphakia bivuze ko nta lens ihari na gato. Pseudophakia bivuze ko hari ifoto y’inyuma, ni ukuvuga iy’ubukorano, aho kuba iy’umwimerere. Urabyumva?

Ni nde ushobora kugira aphakia?

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuba kuri buri wese. Ariko, ikunze kugaragara ku bantu babazwe cataract, nk'uko nabivuze mbere. Ibi biterwa nuko lens karemano ikurwaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Akenshi, irakurwaho hanyuma hagashyirwamo lens y'ubukorano (IOL). Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane iyo bakora kubaga impinja cyangwa abana bato, abaganga bashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kudashyiramo lens y'ubukorano ako kanya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya aphakia?

Noneho reka turebe ibimenyetso wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi ushobora kugira niba ufite aphakia. Ushobora kuba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi:

• Kureba nabi:Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi. Byose birajimye, nk'igihu.
• Kugorwa no kubona ibintu hafi n'ibiri kure: Kubera ko lenzi ibura, urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ntirushobora kuba rwitondewe neza. Bityo, kureba hafi n'ibiri kure birahinduka urujijo.
• Ubuhumyi bw'amabara: Amabara asa n'aho adasobanutse neza kandi nta mucyo nk'uko yari ameze mbere. Ariko ntukivange ibi n'ubuhumyi bw'amabara. Iyo ni indi mimerere itandukanye.
• Iris iraguruka: Ibi bizwi mu buvuzi nka ``Iridodonesis.'' Iyo urimo wimura ijisho ryawe, igice cy'ibara imbere, iris, gishobora kugaragara nk'ikigenda cyangwa kinyeganyega. Ibi biterwa nuko iris, isanzwe ishyigikiwe n'indorerwamo, itakaza ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwibanda.
• Kugorwa no kumenyera intera: Iyo utunguranye urebye hejuru hanyuma ukareba hasi, cyangwa ukareba hasi hanyuma ukazamuka, amaso agorana kumenyera iyo ntera.

Kuki iyi aphakia iba? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Hari impamvu nyinshi z'ingenzi zitera aphakia. Reka tubirebe imwe imwe.

1. Bitewe no kubagwa

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, kubaga cataract ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru ibitera. Mu gihe cyo kubaga, indorerwamo karemano y’ibicu irakurwaho. Kenshi na kenshi, indorerwamo y’ubukorano (Intraocular Lens - IOL) ishyirwa mu jisho. Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye, urugero, iyo ubaga abana bato cyane, abaganga bashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kudahita bashyiramo indorerwamo y’ubukorano. Muri icyo gihe, ijisho rihinduka nk’aho ridafite aho rihuriye n’ijisho.

2. Bitewe n'indwara zavukanye

Ibi bivuze ko umwana avuka adafite lens. Ibi byitwa `(Congenital aphakia)`. Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe. Hari igihe ishobora guherekezwa n'izindi ndwara zo mu jisho. Iyo umubyeyi arwaye indwara nka rubella mu gihe atwite, umwana ashobora kugira izi ndwara.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bwa ``Congenital aphakia``:

• Ubwoko bw'ibanze: Muri iki gihe, lenzi ntikura na gato mu gihe cy'inda.
• Ubwoko bwa kabiri: Muri iki gihe, lens itangira gukura, ariko ntikure neza. Hashobora kubaho ibice bya lens bisigaye, ariko lens yuzuye irabura.

3. Bitewe n'ibikomere by'amaso

Impanuka ikomeye ku jisho "(ivune ry'ijisho)" cyangwa imvune ishobora kwangiza lens imbere mu jisho, bigatuma icika cyangwa igakenera gukurwaho. Kubura lens bitewe n'impanuka nk'iyi byitwa "Traumatic aphakia". Tekereza, niba ikintu gityaye gikubise ijisho, cyangwa niba umupira ukubise ijisho cyane, nko mu gihe cya siporo, ibintu nk'ibi bishobora kubaho.

Wamenya ute ko ufite aphakia?

Uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba ufite aphakia ni ugusuzumwa amaso yose na muganga w’amaso. Muri iki kizamini, muganga akoresha igikoresho cyihariye cyitwa itara rito. Ni nk'itara rinini na mikorosikopi bivanze. Bishobora kukubwira neza niba ufite lenzi mu jisho ryawe cyangwa udafite.

Hari igihe, ultrasound yo mu gihe cyo kubyara ishobora kugaragaza ko umwana afite aho avuka.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura aphakia?

Inkuru nziza ni uko aphakia ari indwara ishobora kuvurwa. Hari uburyo butatu bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

1. Kubagwa:

Ubu ni bwo buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane. Aha, lenzi y'ubukorano, yitwa Intraocular Lens (IOL), ibagwa mu jisho kugira ngo isimbuze lenzi karemano yatakaye. Ubu ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

2. Indorerwamo z'amaso:

Ku bantu bamwe, cyane cyane abana bato cyangwa abadashobora kubagwa, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha ubwoko bwihariye bwa lenti zikoreshwa mu gupima uruhu rw'imbere rwitwa aphakic contact lenses. Izi lenti ntabwo zimeze nk'izisanzwe, ariko zirakomeye cyane. Hari ubwoko bukoreshwa ku bana bato bushobora kwambarwa iminsi myinshi icyarimwe, ariko bumwe bugomba guhindurwa buri munsi.

3. Indorerwamo:

Niba ufite indorerwamo zombi, bivuze ko udafite indorerwamo zo mu maso yombi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha indorerwamo. Ariko hari ibibazo bike bishobora guterwa n'indorerwamo kuri iyi ndwara:

• Ikirahuri kiri muri izo ndorerwamo ni kinini cyane, bishobora gutuma ziremereye.
• Bitewe n'imbaraga z'ibirahure, ibintu nk'imirongo igororotse bishobora kugaragara nk'aho bigondamye imbere. Ibi byitwa "ingaruka za Pincushion".
• Uburyo bwo kubona ubwiyongere bw'amazi bushobora kuba budasobanutse neza. Bishobora kugorana kumenya intera iri hagati y'aho umuntu ari, urugero nko kumanuka ku madarajya.
• Bamwe bashobora kandi kugira ibibazo byo kwisiga .

Kubera impamvu nk'izi, abaganga bakunze kugisha inama abantu gukoresha indorerwamo z'amaso.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ubuvuzi n'ingaruka mbi?

Hari ingorane zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo kuvurwa kwa aphakia cyangwa mu gihe cyo kuvurwa.

• Nyuma yo kubagwa cataract no ku bana bato bafite aphakia, ubwoko bwihariye bwa glaucoma, bwitwa aphakic glaucoma , bushobora kuvuka, buterwa no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko imbere mu jisho. Ibi bishobora kubaho nka glaucoma ifunguye cyangwa glaucoma ifunga jisho.
• Abana bato babazwe cataract, baba bafite lens yo mu jisho (IOL) cyangwa lens zo mu jisho zikozwe muri aphakic, bazakenera kwambara bifocals kugira ngo birinde indwara yitwa amblyopia , cyangwa "ijisho ry'ubunebwe."
• Uko abana bakura, amaso yabo ahinduka ingano. Kubwibyo, ubwoko bwose bwa lens yo gukosora bakoresha (indorerwamo cyangwa lens zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses) bugomba guhindurwa buri gihe. Ibi kandi bikorwa kugira ngo hirindwe indwara yitwa "Amblyopia."
• Ku ndwara ya aphakia, hari ibyago byo kurwara indwara zikomeye nko kurira kw'ijisho no gucika kw'ijisho .

Icy'ingenzi: Niba umwana muto afite aphakia, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga no kwisuzumisha buri gihe kugira ngo arebe neza. Bitabaye ibyo, ubumuga bwo kutabona burambye nka "Amblyopia" bushobora kubaho.

Ni gute wagabanya ibyago byo kurwara aphakia?

Mu by’ukuri, nta buryo bwihariye bwo kwirinda ko aphakia ibaho, kuko ishobora guterwa no kubagwa, indwara yavutse, cyangwa impanuka.

Ariko, ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'amaso n'amaso :

• Jya gupimwa amaso buri gihe . Ni byiza kujya kwa muganga w'amaso nibura rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo agupime amaso.
• Ambara indorerwamo zo kwirinda mu gihe uri gukora, wiruka, usimbuka, cyangwa ukina, cyangwa uri gukora ibikorwa bishobora guteza akaga ku maso yawe.
• Ambara indorerwamo z'izuba nziza iyo ugiye hanze ku zuba. Ibi bishobora kugabanya kwangirika kw'amaso yawe.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo imboga n'imbuto.
• Niba unywa itabi, rekera aho. Kunywa itabi nabyo byangiza amaso cyane.
• Komeza uhora ukora cyane.

Nubwo ibi bintu bidashobora gukumira aphakia, bishobora gufasha mu kubungabunga ubuzima bw'amaso yawe muri rusange.

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite aphakia?

Ahakia ni indwara ishobora kuvurwa. Nyuma yo kuvurwa, ushobora kutabona neza 100% nk'umuntu ufite amaso asanzwe. Ariko, iyo ufite lens nziza (indorerwamo, lens zo mu maso, cyangwa lens zo mu jisho (IOLs)), ubusanzwe ushobora kubona neza .

Niba umwana wawe afite aphakia, muganga wawe azakubwira uburyo bwiza bwo kumwitaho. Urugero, bishobora kuba byiza ku bana bato cyane kwambara indorerwamo z’amaso kuruta kubagwa indorerwamo z’imbere mu jisho (IOL) icyarimwe.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Ntushobora kumenya neza niba ufite aphakia, umuganga ni we wenyine ushobora kukubwira neza. Ariko, ushobora kumva ibimenyetso bigira ingaruka ku kureba kwawe.

• Niba utabona neza,
• Niba ufite gushidikanya ku bijyanye n'uko umwana wawe abona ibintu,

Nta gushidikanya ko wagana muganga, cyane cyane umuganga w'amaso.

Kurinda amaso yawe ni ingenzi kuri wowe no kwa muganga wawe. Waba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura amaso bitewe n'impanuka, kubagwa, cyangwa umwana wawe yavutse adafite indorerwamo y'amaso, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo umenye uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura. Ntuzigere usiba ibizamini byawe bisanzwe by'amaso.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane twifuza kujyana mu nkuru (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, ndizera ko usobanukiwe neza na aphakia twavuze uyu munsi. Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Ahakia ni ukutagira lens karemano imbere mu jisho, bigatera kutabona neza.
• Impamvu nyamukuru zibitera ni ukubagwa kwa katarakte, indwara zavukanye, n'ibikomere by'amaso.
• Ku bw'amahirwe, hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibi. Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura ni uguteranya indorerwamo mu jisho (IOL), kwambara indorerwamo zidasanzwe (aphakic contact lenses), cyangwa kwambara indorerwamo zidasanzwe.
• Cyane cyane ku bana bato bafite aphakia, ni ngombwa cyane gutangira kuvurwa hakiri kare no gukurikiranwa na muganga buri gihe kugira ngo amaso yabo ashobore gukura neza. Bitabaye ibyo, indwara nka "lazy eye" (Amblyopia) zishobora kuvuka kandi amaso ashobora kwangirika burundu.
• Niba ubonye impinduka cyangwa ibintu bidafite ishingiro mu maso yawe, jya kwa muganga w’amaso vuba na bwangu.

Amaso yacu ni imwe mu mpano z'agaciro kenshi dufite. Kubwibyo, ni inshingano zacu kuyabungabunga.

Ahakia , lenzi y'ijisho, amaso, indorerwamo z'ubukorano, kubaga amaso, ibibazo byo kureba, ubuzima bw'amaso