Ese nawe ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nk'aside? Muri ibyo bihe, muganga ashobora kuba yarakubwiye gukoresha inhaler. Beta-agonists ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'umuti buri muri iyo inhaler ituma guhumeka kwacu byoroha. Nubwo iri zina rigoye gato, imikorere yaryo iroroshye cyane. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo burambuye, mu buryo bworoshye cyane.
Mu magambo make, beta-agonist ni iki?
Tekereza ku tunyangingo mu mibiri yacu nk'aho dufite "switches" nke cyangwa "buttons". Mu buvuzi, izi receptors tuzita. Ubwo bwoko bw'imiti, bwitwa beta-agonist, bukoresha izi "switches" zitwa beta-receptors mu bihaha byacu no mu zindi ngingo.
Iyo iyi switch ifunguye, imitsi ikikije inzira z'ubuhumekero mu bihaha iraruhuka. Ibi bifungura inzira z'ubuhumekero zifunganye kandi bikatworohereza guhumeka. Niyo mpamvu iyi miti yitwa kandi 'bronchodilators'. Byongeye kandi, ifasha kongera umuvuduko w'umutima no kongera imikorere y'umutima ku rugero runaka.
Ese hari ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'abaterankunga ba beta?
Yego, iyi miti igabanyijemo ibice bitatu by'ingenzi, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa beta-receptors mu mubiri wacu.
- Beta-1 agonists: Iyi miti ikora cyane cyane ku buryo bwo kwakira indwara mu mutima wacu. Ubu bwoko bw'imiti butuma umutima utera vuba kandi bukawufasha gukurura amaraso mu buryo bukomeye. Niyo mpamvu abaganga bayikoresha mu bihe bimwe na bimwe by'uburwayi bw'umutima n'ibyihutirwa.
- Beta-2 agonists: Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane. Iyi miti, cyane cyane iyo itangwa hakoreshejwe inhaler, ikora mu gufatana neza n'udukingirizo mu bihaha , ikaruhura imitsi yo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero no koroshya guhumeka. Ni ingenzi mu kuvura indwara nka asima na COPD (Indwara y'ibihaha idakira).
- Beta-3 agonists: Iyi ni ubwoko bushya bw'imiti. Imiti iriho ubu muri uru rwego ikora cyane cyane mu kuruhura imitsi yo mu ruhago , ikagabanya gukenera kunyara kenshi. Ibi bivuze ko ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara yitwa uruhago rukora cyane.
Hariho kandi ubwoko bwa beta-2 agonists.
Yego, ubu bwoko bwa beta-2 butangwa ku bibazo byo guhumeka nabwo bugabanyijemo ibice bibiri. Ni ingenzi cyane ko ubimenya.
| Ubwoko bw'umuti | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Aba-Beta-Agonists b'Ingaruka ngufi (SABA) | Izi zitwa "inhaler zo gutabara." Zikoreshwa iyo indwara ya asima ibaye mbi mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa iyo ugize ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Zikora mu minota mike kandi zigatanga ubutabazi bwihuse. |
| Aba-Beta-Agonists b'igihe kirekire bakora (LABA) | Ibi ntabwo ari ibyo kuvura vuba. Bikoreshwa buri munsi, mu gihe gisanzwe, kugira ngo bigabanye ibimenyetso no kwirinda ibibazo byo guhumeka. Ingaruka zabyo zimara amasaha menshi. Akenshi bitangwa hamwe n'umuti wa steroid (corticosteroid). |
Uyu muti ukora ute imbere mu mubiri?
Uburyo bwiza bwo gusobanukirwa ibi ni ugutekereza ku buryo umubiri wacu ubyitwaramo mu gihe "urwana cyangwa uhunga". Tekereza ko ugiye guhura n'akaga gatunguranye. Muri ako kanya, umubiri wawe witegura kurwana cyangwa guhunga.
Muri iki gihe, ibimenyetso biva mu bwonko, bikongera uburyo bwo guhumeka mu bihaha kugira ngo byinjize ogisijeni nyinshi, kandi bikongera umuvuduko w'umutima kugira ngo wohereze ayo maraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu mitsi vuba.
Ibyo ni byo imiti ya beta-agonist ikora mu buryo bw’ubukorano. Ikoresha 'switches' zikwiye (receptors) bigatuma umubiri ukora nk'aho uhanganye n'ikibazo cyihutirwa. Niyo mpamvu imitsi yo mu bihaha iruhuka, bigatuma byoroha guhumeka.
Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa cyane muri beta-agonist?
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti ya beta-agonist abaganga batanga. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:
| Icyiciro cy'ibiyobyabwenge | Ingero (amazina y'ibiyobyabwenge) |
|---|---|
| Beta-2 ikora vuba (SABA) | Salbutamol / Albuterol, Levalbuterol |
| Beta-2 ikora igihe kirekire (LABA) | Formoterol, Salmeterol, Indacaterol |
| Beta-1 agonist | Dobutamine, Norepinephrine |
| Beta-3 agonist | Mirabegron |
Ese hari ingaruka mbi kuri uyu muti?
Kimwe n'indi miti yose, abantu barwaye beta-agonist bashobora gutera ingaruka mbi ku bantu bamwe na bamwe. Ariko, iyo ikoreshejwe nk'umuti uhumeka, umuti ujya mu bihaha, bityo ingaruka mbi akenshi ziba nkeya. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora guhura n'ibi bikurikira:
- Umutima utera vuba (Tachycardia)
- Umutima utari mwiza (Arrhythmia)
- Guhinda umushyitsi
- Guhangayika
- Kuribwa umutwe
- Kuribwa imitsi
- Kubira ibyuya
Igikuru ni uko niba ugize ingaruka zimwe muri izi, cyangwa niba wumva ikintu kidasanzwe nyuma yo gukoresha umuti, vugana na muganga wawe vuba. Ashobora kuguhindurira urugero cyangwa akakwandikira undi muti.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Hari ibihe byinshi aho ari ngombwa cyane kubonana na muganga wawe.
- Niba ugize ingaruka mbi kandi zitunguranye .
- Niba wumva umuti wawe utagikora neza nkuko byari bimeze mbere (urugero, ugomba gukoresha inhaler yawe kenshi kurusha mbere kugira ngo ubone ubutabazi).
- Niba wumva ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera kandi udashobora kubigenzura .
Muri iki gihe, muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma gahunda yawe yo kuvura akaguha igisubizo cyiza kandi cyiza.Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yawe cyangwa ngo uhindure ingano yayo nta nama ya muganga. Niba ugize ingaruka mbi zikomeye, jya ku bitaro bikuru byita ku barwayi ba ETU (ETU) bikwegereye vuba.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Beta-agonists ni ubwoko bw'imiti yoroshya guhumeka, ikoreshwa cyane cyane ku ndwara z'ubuhumekero nka asima na COPD.
- Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi: inzobere mu gufata igihe gito (SABA) itanga ubutabazi bwihuse mu bihe byihutirwa, n'inzobere mu gufata igihe kirekire (LABA) itanga uburyo bwo kugenzura indwara mu gihe kirekire.
- Buri gihe koresha uyu muti nk'uko muganga wawe yagutegetse, kandi ukawukoresha gusa mu rugero rwabigenewe .
- Menya ingaruka mbi nko gutera cyane kw'umutima no guhinda kw'amaboko. Niba ugize ikibazo, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Niba wumva ko uburyo uvura budakora neza cyangwa ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera, ntukivure ubwawe ngo ushake inama kwa muganga.
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