Ese wigeze ugira ikibazo gikomeye cyane mu buzima bwawe? Ese wumva nk'inkuba ikubise cyangwa guturika mu mutwe wawe? Nubwo akenshi tureka ububabare nk'ubwo nk'indwara isanzwe ya migraine cyangwa umutwe uterwa n'stress, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara ikomeye. Uyu munsi, turimo kuganira ku ndwara isaba kwitabwaho byihutirwa: Aneurysm yo mu bwonko. Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho riteye ubwoba, kuba ufite ubumenyi buhagije ni intambwe ikomeye mu kugenzura ubuzima bwawe muri Nirogi Lanka.
Mu by'ukuri Aneurysm ni iki?
Tekereza ku gahu gafite umuvuduko ukabije w’amaraso nk’umuyoboro w’ubusitani ufite ahantu hadakomeye kandi hashaje. Uko amazi atemba afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ako gace gafite intege nke gatangira kubyimba inyuma, kagakora agahu gato kameze nk’agapira. Ibyo bishobora kubaho no mu bwonko bwawe mu mitsi.
Aneurysm yo mu bwonko ibaho iyo agace gato k'urukuta rw'imitsi imbere cyangwa hafi y'ubwonko gatangiye kubyimba inyuma bitewe n'umuvuduko w'amaraso, bigatuma habaho agafuka kameze nk'agapira k'inyuma.
Uko umutima wawe utera, amaraso anyura mu mitsi yo mu bwonko bwawe. Gukomeza gukanda uru rukuta rudakomeye bituma rukura, nk'uko ibara ry'umuhondo rigenda rirushaho kugabanuka uko ubyimba. Uko rigenda rikura, ni ko ibyago byo kwangirika kwaryo byiyongera.
Nubwo imitsi ishobora kwibasira ubwonko ahantu hose, akenshi ikura mu nsi y'agahanga. Hari abantu bamwe (10%–30%) bashobora kuba bafite ibirenze kimwe. Inkuru nziza ni uko imitsi myinshi iba ari mito cyane kandi akenshi nta bimenyetso igaragaza.
Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara gusa iyo aneurysm ikuze bihagije ku buryo ishobora kwibanda ku ngingo z’ubwonko cyangwa imitsi ikikije ubwonko. Ikibazo gikomeye cyane ni uko aneurysm itangiye kuva cyangwa gucika burundu, bigatera kuva amaraso mu bwonko.
Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi gishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Uko ikibyimba cyangiritse kidakira igihe kirekire, ni ko ibyago byo kugira ubumuga bukomeye cyangwa urupfu byiyongera.
Bigenda bite iyo aneurysm ivunitse?
Iyo aneurysm ituritse, amaraso asohoka mu mwanya ukikije ubwonko, bigatera kuva amaraso . Aya maraso yongera umuvuduko ku ngingo z'ubwonko, bigatuma ubwonko bubyimba. Ibi bitera ikimenyetso kizwi nka " umutwe ushyushye" - ububabare butunguranye, bubabaza cyane butari ubwo wigeze wumva.
Kuvunika kwa aneurysm bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye, nko:
- Kuva amaraso muri Subarachnoid (SAH): Kuva amaraso mu mwanya uri hagati y'ubwonko n'agace kabutwikira (uruti rw'umukara). Hafi 90% by'ibi bibazo biterwa no guturika kw'amaraso mu bwonko.
- Gucika amaraso: Gucika amaraso aterwa n'uko amaraso yamenetse mu mwanya uri hagati y'agahanga n'ubwonko.
Izi ndwara zishobora gutera kwangirika k'ubwonko burundu ndetse n'izindi ngorane zikomeye.
| Ingorane | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Vasospasm | Kugabanuka cyangwa kugabanuka kw'imitsi yo mu bwonko, bigabanura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bwonko. |
| Hydrocephalus | Kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko (CSF), bigatera umuvuduko mwinshi ku bwonko ("amazi ku bwonko"). |
| Indwara zo mu mutwe | Ingufu z'amashanyarazi zidakora neza mu bwonko, zishobora kongera kwangirika k'ubwonko nyuma yo gucika. |
| Koma | Guhora utazi ubwenge igihe kirekire bishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi. |
| Urupfu | Ikibabaje ni uko hafi 50% by'abarwayi ba aneurysm yacitse bahitanwa n'urupfu. |
Ni nde uri mu kaga? Ibi bikunze kugaragara gute?
Umuntu wese ashobora kugira aneurysm, nubwo ibyago biri hejuru ku bantu bari hagati y'imyaka 30 na 60. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kandi ko abagore bakunze kugira iyi ndwara kurusha abagabo.
Nubwo imibare yihariye y’igihugu ari mike, amakuru mpuzamahanga agaragaza ko hafi 6% by’abaturage bashobora kuba bafite aneurysm idahungabana. Ntabwo ari gake cyane nkuko abantu bakunze kubitekereza; icyakora, gucika kw’imitsi ntibikunze kugaragara cyane.
Ibimenyetso ni ibihe?
Ibimenyetso biterwa cyane n'uko aneurysm yacitse. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro ni ingenzi kandi bishobora kurokora ubuzima bwawe.
| Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko yacitse (Aneurysm) | Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kubura amaraso (Aneurysm) |
|---|---|
| Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso, jya ku ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ER) riri hafi yawe! | |
| – Umutwe mubi cyane kandi utunguranye mu buzima bwawe (Thunderclap Headache) – Kugira isesemi no kuruka – Ijosi rikomeye cyangwa kudashobora kuripfuka – Kubona nabi cyangwa kureba kabiri – Guterwa ubwoba n'urumuri cyane (Photophobia) – Gufatwa n'icyorezo – Ijisho rinanutse n'amaso yavunitse – Ububabare hejuru cyangwa inyuma y'ijisho – Urujijo cyangwa ihungabana – Kubura ibinya cyangwa intege nke mu bice by'umubiri – Gutakaza ubwenge | – Kubabara umutwe bigaruka cyangwa bidashira – Impinduka mu byo umuntu abona – Umunyeshuri ufite ubumuga bwo mu nda – Kubura ibinya mu mutwe cyangwa mu maso – Ububabare hejuru cyangwa inyuma y'ijisho – Gufatwa n'indwara z'icyorezo rimwe na rimwe |
Hari igihe, mbere yo guturika cyane, amaraso make ashobora kuva. Ibi bizwi nka " sentinel bleeding" . Ibi bishobora gutera umutwe utemba iminsi cyangwa ibyumweru mbere yuko uturika burundu. Niba ugize umutwe udasanzwe kandi ukomeye, ntukirengagize. Shaka abaganga ako kanya.
Kuki habaho aneurysm? Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?
Imitsi itera imi ...
Ibintu by'uruhererekane rw'ibinyabuzima n'ibyarazwe
Ibi ni ibintu bidashobora kugerwaho.
- Indwara zihariye z’uruhererekane rw’umubiri: urugero, indwara ya Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, indwara y’impyiko ya Autosomal dominant polycystic, indwara ya Marfan, cyangwa Fibromuscular dysplasia.
- Imibanire idasanzwe hagati y'imitsi yo mu bwonko n'imitsi (Arteriovenous malformation).
- Niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wa hafi (umubyeyi, umuvandimwe) yararwaye aneurysm, ibyago byawe biri hejuru cyane.
Imibereho n'Ubuzima
Ibi ni ibintu ushobora gucunga cyangwa guhindura.
- Kunywa itabi: Umwanzi w'ibanze wangiza inkuta z'imitsi.
- Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije: Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso udagenzuwe ushyira imihangayiko ihoraho ku nkuta z'imitsi.
- Kunywa ibiyobyabwenge: Cyane cyane ibintu bitera imbaraga nka kokayine.
- Kunywa inzoga nyinshi.
Ni iki gituma habaho guturika kwa aneurysm?
Ibintu bigira uruhare mu gutuma habaho aneurysm nabyo ni byo bitera ibyago byo guturika. Abashakashatsi bemeza ko umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso ari wo utera ikibazo. Uko umuvuduko w'amaraso wiyongera, ushyira imbaraga nyinshi ku nkuta z'imitsi.
Ibintu bishobora gutuma umuvuduko w'amaraso wiyongera mu buryo butunguranye ndetse bigatera no guturika birimo:
- Guhangayika mu mutwe bihoraho cyangwa gushyuha gukabije mu buryo butunguranye nk'uburakari.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri iremereye (urugero, guterura ibintu biremereye, kwimura ibikoresho).
- Kwirengagiza imiti yafashwe n'indwara y'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
Byongeye kandi, ingano, imiterere, n'aho aneurysm iherereye bigira ingaruka ku kaga ko guturika.
Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite?
Abantu benshi bafite aneurysms idacitse ntibazi ko bayifite. Akenshi iboneka ku buryo bw’impanuka mu gihe cyo gupima MRI cyangwa CT scans zitajyanye nayo.
Ariko, niba ubonye ibimenyetso byo guturika (cyane cyane umutwe ukabije kandi utunguranye), jya mu Ishami ryita ku Butabazi bwihuse. Abaganga bazakora ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo bamenye niba hari amaraso ava.
- CT Scan: Isuzuma vuba niba hari amaraso mu bwonko. CT Angiogram (CTA) ishobora gukoreshwa mu gushushanya neza imiyoboro y'amaraso.
- MRI Scan: Itanga amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko n'imitsi yabwo.
- Angiografiya yo mu bwonko: Umuganga w’imitsi akoresha catheter nto (ishyirwa mu kibuno cyangwa mu kuboko) kugira ngo amenye neza ingano, aho iherereye, n’imiterere y’ubwonko.
- Ikizamini cy'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF): Gutobora mu ruhu bishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'amaraso hirya no hino mu bwonko.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?
Intego y'ibanze ni ukurinda amaraso gutembera muri aneurysm. Aneurysm yacitse isaba kubagwa byihutirwa. Kuvura aneurysm idacitse biterwa n'imiterere y'ubuvuzi bwawe.
Uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura
1. Gukata imitsi mito: Uburyo bwo kubaga aho umuganga w’imitsi ashyira agace gato k’icyuma ku ijosi ry’amaraso kugira ngo gakingire amaraso atembera.
2. Gutera imitsi yo mu nda: Uburyo bwo gukora butuma amaraso agabanuka cyane aho catheter ikoreshwa mu kuyobora utunyangingo duto mu mitsi yo mu nda, bigatera amaraso kuzura.
3. Imisemburo yo gusohora amaraso: Imisemburo ishyirwa mu muyoboro kugira ngo amaraso atembera neza mu mitsi.
Bite se ku birebana n'indwara z'imitsi idakira (unruptured aneurysms)?
Niba ufite aneurysm nto kandi idasaba ibimenyetso idafite izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera, muganga wawe ashobora guhitamo kuyikurikirana aho kuyibaga.
Ibi ntibivuze ko ushobora kubyirengagiza. Uzakenera gupimwa buri gihe kugira ngo urebe niba hari impinduka zabayeho. Byongeye kandi, uzagirwa inama yo kureka kunywa itabi no gucunga neza umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe.
Icyemezo cyo kubaga giterwa n'imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe muri rusange, n'imiterere y'indwara ya aneurysm. Ganira n'umuganga wawe kuri Nirogi Lanka kuri ubu buryo mu buryo bweruye.
Ni iki giteganyijwe?
Ingaruka zo gucika kw'amaraso mu maraso biterwa n'imyaka yawe, ubuzima muri rusange, ubukana bw'amaraso ava, n'uburyo witabwaho vuba. Ikibabaje ni uko abantu bagera kuri 25% batabasha kubaho mu masaha 24 ya mbere nyuma yo gucika kw'amaraso, kandi igipimo cy'impfu mu mezi atatu gishobora kugera kuri 50%.
Abagera kuri 66% by'abarokotse bagira imvune mu bwonko ku rugero runaka. Ariko, iyo habayeho ubutabazi bwihuse bw'abaganga no kuvurwa neza , abantu benshi bakira neza nta bumuga bafite cyangwa ngo bagire n'ubwo bamara igihe kirekire.
Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya ko abantu benshi babana n’imitsi mito idacikagurika imyaka myinshi nta bimenyetso cyangwa ngo bagire ingorane na gato.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo buturutse muri Nirogi Lanka
- Aneurysm yo mu bwonko ni agace gafite intege nke kandi gafite imitsi ifunganye mu bwonko bwawe.
- Gutangira gutunguranye k'umutwe ukomeye cyane mu buzima bwawe, akenshi witwa 'thunderclap' umutwe, ni ikimenyetso cy'ibanze cy'uko hari amaraso menshi yacitse. Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi. Shaka ubuvuzi bwihuse mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi riri hafi yawe cyangwa uhamagare 911/ibyihutishwa byo mu gace utuyemo.
- Indwara nyinshi z’imitsi idacitse zigumana ibimenyetso kandi zishobora kudasaba kuvurwa vuba.
- Intambwe nziza ushobora gutera kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byawe ni ukugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso, kureka kunywa itabi no kwirinda gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge.
- Niba warasanzwe ufite aneurysm, gisha inama muganga wawe kugira ngo muganire ku ngaruka zawe bwite, uburyo bwo kuvurwa, ndetse n'uburyo bwo kuzifata mu gihe kirekire kugira ngo ufate ibyemezo byiza ku buzima bwawe.
Aneurysm yo mu bwonko, aneurysm yo mu bwonko, guturika kw'imitsi y'amaraso yo mu bwonko, kuribwa umutwe cyane, kuribwa umutwe n'inkuba, kuva amaraso muri subarachnoid, kuva amaraso mu bwonko
