Umuriro udasanzwe wandurira mu nyamaswa? Reka tuvuge kuri Brucellosis!

Ese hari igihe wumva ufite intege nke nta mpamvu? Hari ubwo ingingo zawe zibabara, ukumva ufite umuriro, ubira ibyuya, ariko bikagenda nyuma y'iminsi mike hanyuma bikagaruka? Niba ibi bimenyetso bikomeje, bishobora kuba indwara tutavugaho cyane, ariko ni ngombwa kubimenya. Imwe muri izo ndwara ni Brucellosis.

Brucellosis ni iki?

Muri make, brucellosis ni indwara iterwa n'ubwoko bwa bagiteri yitwa Brucella . Ibimenyetso birimo umuriro, kubabara ingingo, no kubira ibyuya. Ariko, ibi bimenyetso ntibiza rimwe na rimwe, kandi rimwe na rimwe biza bigakomeza uko igihe kigenda.

Brucellosis ni indwara iterwa n'inyamaswa, bivuze ko ikomoka ku nyamaswa . Izwi kandi ku yandi mazina nka 'uduheri twinshi', 'fever ya Malta', na 'fever ya Mediterane'.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara brucellosis?

Iyi ndwara yitwa brucellosis iboneka mu bihugu byinshi ku isi. Ufite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura iyi bagiteri ya 'Brucella' niba:

• Umuntu ukora ku matungo , nk'umuganga w'amatungo.
• Niba ukora mu isambu cyangwa mu rwuri rw'amata.
• Niba ukora mu iduka ry'inyama, mu ibagiro, cyangwa umuntu utunganya inyama mbisi.
• Niba uri umuhigi cyangwa utegura inyama z'inyamaswa zihigwa.
• Niba ukora muri laboratwari ipima bagiteri ya `Brucella`.
• Niba uriye inyama zidatetse neza cyangwa ukoresha ibikomoka ku mata bitarangiritse (urugero: amata, foromaje, yawurute).

Ibi ni ibisanzwe gute?

Iyo urebye hirya no hino ku isi, abantu bagera ku 500.000 bandura indwara ya brucellosis bavugwa buri mwaka. Ariko, mu bihugu nka Amerika, ibi ni bike gato, abantu bagera ku 100-200 ni bo bavugwa buri mwaka. Nubwo nta mibare nyayo igaragaza uko ibintu bimeze mu gihugu cyacu, ibi bishobora kuba biri mu bavura inyamaswa.

Ni iki indwara ya brucellosis ikora ku bantu?

Tekereza nawe, iyi bagiteri yitwa 'Brucella' ni inyaryenge cyane. Yinjira mu mubiri wawe inyuze mu kanwa, mu mazuru, mu maso, cyangwa mu gisebe gito kiri mu ruhu rwawe . Hanyuma, ijya mu tunyangingo twa lymph cyangwa izindi ngingo hanyuma itangira kwiyongera buhoro buhoro. Kuva aho, iyi bagiteri ishobora gukwirakwira hafi ya hose mu mubiri wawe. Ishobora no kujya ahantu nko mu mutima wawe, mu mwijima, mu bwonko, no mu magufwa , aho ishobora kubyimba no gutangira kwangirika.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Bishobora gufata ibyumweru bibiri kugeza kuri bine, cyangwa birengaho, kugira ngo ibimenyetso bigaragare nyuma yo kwandura bagiteri ya Brucella.Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuza bikamara amezi cyangwa imyaka. Dore ibyo ari byo:

• Kugira umuriro.
• Kubira ibyuya (hari igihe bishobora kunuka nk'ibihumyo).
• Kubabara ingingo, cyane cyane mu kibuno, mu mavi, cyangwa mu mugongo wo hasi.
• Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe.
• Umutwe .
• Ububabare bwo mu nda.
• Kumva udafite ubushake bwo kurya cyangwa ufite ikibazo cyo mu nda.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe nko kwiheba.
• Utunyangingo tw’imitsi turakura kandi tukagira ububabare.
• Kumva umerewe nabi no kumererwa nabi muri rusange.

Impamvu ni iyihe?

Brucellosis iterwa n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri za `Brucella`. Izikuru ni `B. abortus`, `B. canis`, `B. melitensis` (ubwoko bwibasira abantu cyane) na `B. suis`. Inyamaswa zigira iyi bagiteri ya `Brucella`. Ibyo bivuze ko izi nyamaswa ari zo zitwara iyi bagiteri. Reka turebe izo nyamaswa abo ari bo:

• Inka
• Ihene
• Ingurube
• Impongo
• Impongo, Impala - Nubwo izi nyamaswa zitari muri Sri Lanka, ziboneka mu bindi bice by'isi.
• Intama
• Imbwa - Yego, imbwa zishobora no kwanduza iyi ndwara, cyane cyane ubwoko bwa `B. canis`.
• Ingamiya

Ni gute indwara ya brucellose yandura?

Indwara ya Brucellosis yandurira mu gukorana n'amatungo yanduye cyangwa mu mata adafite imiti ivura indwara . Hari uburyo bwinshi ushobora kwanduriramo iyi ndwara:

• Mu kunywa amata adafite ibiryo byabugenewe (bitari bito) cyangwa kurya amata adafite ibiryo byabugenewe nka foromaje na ice cream. Amata y'amatungo yanduye ashobora kuba arimo iyi bagiteri. Ariko, bagiteri zirangizwa n'uburyo bwitwa pasteurization. Kubwibyo, nubwo itungo ryaba rifite brucellosis, nta kibazo kunywa amata y'ihene, inka, intama, cyangwa ingamiya byabugenewe.
• Mu gukora ku nyamaswa cyangwa amazi y’umubiri w’inyamaswa yanduye. Bagiteri ya Brucella ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu gukomereka gato cyangwa gukomereka ku ruhu rwawe, cyangwa binyuze mu maso, mu mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa.
• Mu guhumeka bagiteri ya Brucella. Ushobora guhumeka uduce twa Brucella twasohotse mu kirere tuvuye mu ngingo cyangwa mu maraso y'inyamaswa yanduye. Izi ngaruka ziba nyinshi iyo ukorana na Brucella muri laboratwari, utegura inyama z'inyamaswa zo mu gasozi, ukora mu isambu, mu ibagiro, cyangwa mu ruganda rupakira inyama.
• Mu kurya inyama zidatetse neza.

Kwanduzanya indwara ya brucellosis hagati y’abantu ni gake cyane, ariko hari abantu benshi bagiye bavugwaho:

• Kuva ku mubyeyi utwite kugeza ku mwana uri mu nda.
• Mu konsa umwana.
• Kuva mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (ariko ibi ni gake cyane).

Ese iyi ni indwara yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STI)?

Oya, brucellosis ntifatwa nk'indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STI). Hari abantu bake cyane bagaragaye ko brucellosis yandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Abaganga bapima iki kibazo gute?

Umuganga asuzuma indwara ya brucellose amubaza ibimenyetso byawe hanyuma agapima amaraso yawe, ingingo zawe, cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso bya bagiteri ya Brucella. Kubera ko ibimenyetso bya brucellose bisa n'iby'izindi ndwara, umuganga wawe ashobora no gukora ibizamini kugira ngo amenye ko izindi ndwara zitari zo.

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwemeza ko wanduye Brucella ni ugukura bagiteri mu mazi cyangwa mu ngingo z'umubiri. Ariko, Brucella ni bagiteri ikura buhoro buhoro, bityo bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo wemeze ko urwaye. Ushobora gukenera gupimwa amaraso inshuro zirenze imwe mu byumweru byinshi kugira ngo urebe ibimenyetso bya Brucella.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bikorwa?

Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini bikurikira kugira ngo amenye niba ufite brucellosis:

• Ibipimo by'amaraso: Muganga azafata icyitegererezo cy'amaraso mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe akoresheje urushinge. Laboratwari izasuzuma ibimenyetso bya bagiteri ya Brucella (antibody, antigens, cyangwa ADN) muri iki gipimo cy'amaraso, cyangwa ishobora gukurira uko igihe kigenda gihita (culture).
• Gupima andi mazi yo mu mubiri: Ingero z'amazi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo, mu ngingo, cyangwa mu bindi bice by'umubiri wawe zishobora gufatwa kugira ngo hashakishwe kandi hakorwe Brucella.
• Isuzuma ry'uturemangingo: Icyitegererezo cy'umusokoro w'amagufwa yawe cyangwa indi ngingo gishobora gufatwa kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bya Brucella no kuyikura.
• Gufata amashusho: Bitewe n'ibice by'umubiri wawe byangiritse, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko upimwa ibizamini nka X-rays, CT scans, MRIs, scans z'amagufwa, ultrasounds, cyangwa echocardiograms. Ibi bifotora imbere mu mubiri wawe kugira ngo barebe niba hari impinduka ku magufwa yawe cyangwa ingingo zawe.

Ibi bivurwa bite?

Muganga wawe azavura indwara ya brucellosis akoresheje nibura ubwoko bubiri bwa antibiyotike . Uzakenera gufata iyi miti nibura ibyumweru 6 kugeza kuri 8. Bitewe n'uko urwaye, ubundi buryo bwo kuvura (urugero, bwo gusohora amashyira mu bice byanduye cyangwa guhangana n'ibibazo) nabwo bushobora gukenerwa.

Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya brucellose?

Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara ya brucellosis abaganga batanga ni iyi:

• `(Streptomycin)` cyangwa `(Gentamicin)`
• `(Rifampin)`
• `( Doxycycline ( Doxycycline) ) `
• `(Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole - TMP/SMX)`
• `(Ciprofloxacin)`

Icy'ingenzi ni ugufata iyi miti neza neza nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse, mu gipimo gikwiye, mu gihe cyose cy'ubuvuzi. Bitabaye ibyo, indwara ishobora kongera kugaruka.

Ni gute wakwitwara mu gihe ibimenyetso bihari?

Mu gihe ufata imiti ya antibiyotike yanditswe na muganga kugira ngo wice bagiteri, ushobora no kwihanganira bimwe mu bimenyetso bya brucellosis, nko kubabara ingingo n'umuriro, mu rugo. Baza muganga wawe niba hari imiti igurishwa ku ikarita ya muganga (OTC) cyangwa ubundi buryo bwo kuvura ushobora gukoresha ku bimenyetso byawe kandi niba ari nta kibazo kirimo.

Ibi byakwirindwa bite?

Ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara brucellosis ukurikiza amabwiriza yo kwirinda ibiryo no kwambara imyenda yo kwirinda mu gihe ukorana n'inyamaswa. Urugero:

• Ntukanywe amata adakoreshejwe mu gukaraba, kandi ntukarye ibiryo byakozwe mu mata adakoreshejwe mu gukaraba.
• Ambara ibikoresho by'umutekano bikwiye mu gihe ukoresha inyamaswa n'inyama z'inyamaswa. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo uturindantoki, ipantaro, cyangwa indorerwamo z'umutekano. Abantu bakora mu maduka y'inyama, abaganga b'amatungo, abahigi, abahinzi, abakozi b'ibagiro, n'abakozi bo muri laboratwari z'ubuvuzi bagomba kwitonda cyane.
• Teka inyama ku bushyuhe bukwiye. Nanone, buri gihe karaba intoki zawe, ibikoresho byawe, kandi ukateho imbaho ​​neza nyuma yo gutegura ibiryo. Inyama z'inkoko zishobora kuba zirimo bagiteri ya Brucella.

Wibuke ko no mu gihugu cyacu, hari abantu bo mu cyaro banywa amata basutse mu ngo zabo batayashyushya. Ibyo si byiza na gato. Ni byiza gukoresha amata gusa yashyushye cyangwa yahinduwe pasteur.

Bigenda bite uramutse urwaye brucellosis? (Ibibazo)

Abantu benshi barwaye brucellosis bakira burundu bakoresheje imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara. Ariko bishobora gufata igihe. Ushobora gukenera gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara mu gihe cy'ibyumweru, cyangwa amezi, kugira ngo urebe neza ko bagiteri zose ziri mu mubiri wawe zashize.

Hari igihe indwara ya brucellosis ishobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ibi bibaho cyane cyane iyo udafashe imiti igabanya ubukana nk'uko byavuzwe. Ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe, nka rubagimpande, bishobora gukomeza nyuma yo kuvurwa. Iyo brucellosis iteye ingorane, ushobora gukenera imiti cyangwa ubuvuzi bw'inyongera.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'ibi?

Indwara ya Brucellosis ishobora kugira ibibazo byinshi iyo idavuwe igihe kirekire. Izi ngorane zirimo:

• Indwara ya rubagimpande ikomeje.
• Umwijima wagutse (Hepatomegaly) cyangwa urwagashya rwagutse (Splenomegaly).
• Indwara yitwa `(Chronic Hepatosplenic Suppurative Brucellosis - CHSB) . Iki ni cyo gihe ibibyimba (imifuka y'ibibyimba) bivuka mu gahanga no mu mwijima. Ibi bishobora kubaho nyuma y'imyaka myinshi wanduye `Brucella`.
• Indwara zandurira mu mutima wawe no kubyimba umutima wawe (Endocarditis)` , indwara z'ubwonko cyangwa ibipfukisho by'ubwonko (Encephalite cyangwa Meningite)` , indwara z'umugongo (Spondylitis)` , indwara z'amagufwa (Osteomyelitis)` cyangwa indwara z'umugongo wo hasi (Sacroiliitis)` .
• Epididymo-orchitis ni indwara iterwa no kubyimba kw'intanga n'udusabo tw'amaraso mu bagabo.
• Gukuramo inda.

Ese Brucella mu bantu ishobora gukira?

Yego, indwara za Brucella ku bantu zishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imiti yica udukoko. Ariko, hari ingorane zimwe na zimwe zishobora kwangiza igihe kirekire.

Ese indwara ya brucellosis ishobora gutera urupfu?

Ni gake cyane ko umuntu apfa azize indwara ya brucellosis. Igipimo cy'impfu ziterwa na brucellosis kiri hagati ya 1% na 2% by'abarwayi bose.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho nk'umuntu urwaye brucellosis?

Niba muganga wawe akubwiye ko urwaye brucellosis, nubwo waba wumva umeze neza, fata imiti yose uko wategetswe kandi mu gihe cyose. Iyo uhagaritse gufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara z'imiti vuba cyane, brucellosis ishobora kugaruka. Iyo ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa ibimenyetso byawe bikarushaho kwiyongera, bimenyeshe muganga wawe ako kanya.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya brucellosis, cyane cyane niba akazi kawe cyangwa ibyo ukunda bigushyira mu kaga ko kwandura iyi ndwara, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bwihuse:

• Umuriro mwinshi cyane (uri hejuru ya 103 Fahrenheit / 39.4 Selisiyusi).
• Kubabara mu gifu cyane.
• Urujijo cyangwa izindi mpinduka zo mu mutwe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ni byiza kubaza ibi bibazo:

• Kuvurwa bifata igihe kingana iki?
• Ni gute nkwiye gufata umuti?
• Ni gute nakwitwara mu gihe ndi mu rugo?
• Ni ryari nkwiye kugukurikiranira amakuru ubutaha?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kujya kwa muganga wita ku buzima (ER)?

Ubutumwa bwa nyuma bwo kujyana mu rugo

Brucellosis ni indwara iterwa na bagiteri ishobora gutangira buhoro buhoro, ikamara igihe kirekire, kandi ntabwo ikunze kugaragara cyane. Ibimenyetso byayo bisa n'izindi ndwara nyinshi, bityo ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo agusuzume neza kandi agufashe kuvurwa. Brucellosis ubusanzwe ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye cyane. Ariko ishobora kugira ingaruka ku magufwa yawe no ku ngingo z'imbere, bityo ni ngombwa kwitondera ibimenyetso byawe. Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa niba ufite impungenge ku kintu ufite, ntutindiganye kuvugana na muganga wawe.

` Brucellosis, indwara z'amatungo, indwara zandurira mu mikorobe, umuriro, ububabare bw'ingingo, amata adakoreshejwe imiti igabanya ububabare