Wakubise umutwe? Wamenya ute ko ubwonko bwawe bwangiritse? (Ikizamini cyo kubabara mu bwonko)

Tekereza uko wakubiswe n'umupira mu mutwe mu gihe ukina cricket, cyangwa umwana wawe agwa ku igare agakubita umutwe we cyane. Akenshi dukunze gutekereza tuti "Oh... ni igikomere gusa, bizaba byiza mu kanya gato." Ariko, ndetse n'igikomere gito ku mutwe rimwe na rimwe gishobora kuba gikomeye. Muri ibyo bihe, ni ngombwa ko twese tumenya ibyangiritse by'igihe gito ku bwonko, byitwa 'concussion', bishobora kurokora ubuzima.

Mu magambo make, iyi ndwara yo kubabara mu mutwe ni iki?

Guhungabana mu bwonko ni uguhagarika imikorere y'ubwonko by'agateganyo bitewe no gukubitwa cyane, gukubitwa, cyangwa gukubitwa ku mutwe. Mu buvuzi, iki ni igikomere gito cy'ubwonko gikomeretsa . Nk'uko icupa ry'amazi rinyeganyezwa cyane, amazi ari muri ryo aranyeganyezwa iyo umutwe ukubiswe. Uku guhungabana gutesha uturemangingo tw'ubwonko kwangirika by'agateganyo, bigahagarika itumanaho hagati yabyo igihe gito.

Igitekerezo gikunze kugaragara ni uko ugomba guta ubwenge kugira ngo ugire ikibazo cyo kubura ubwenge. Ibi si byo rwose. Mu by'ukuri, abantu benshi bagira ikibazo cyo kubura ubwenge ntibigera batakaza ubwenge. Rero ntugatekereze uti "Sinataye ubwenge, bityo nta kibazo" nyuma yo kugukubita umutwe. Ndetse no gukubitwa gato bishobora kuba bikomeye, bityo ni byiza kujya kwa muganga no kwisuzumisha.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko (concussion)?

Hariho ibimenyetso byinshi bishobora kugaragaza ko umuntu wakomeretse mu mutwe afite ikibazo cyo kubabara mu mutwe. Bimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ako kanya nyuma y’imvune, mu gihe ibindi bishobora kugaragara nyuma y’amasaha cyangwa iminsi. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gukurikirana umuntu wakomeretse mu mutwe iminsi myinshi.

Kugira ngo byoroshye kubisobanukirwa, reka tugabanye ibi bimenyetso mu byiciro bitandukanye.

Ni ryari ugomba gusuzumwa ko ufite ikibazo cyo kubabara mu mutwe?

Igisubizo cyoroshye ni iki: Igihe cyose habayeho gukubitwa bikomeye ku mutwe . Bishobora kuba biterwa no gukina siporo, gukora impanuka y'imodoka, cyangwa kugwa uri gukora imirimo yo mu rugo. Ikizamini cyo gucika intege ni uburyo bureba uburyo ubushobozi bw'ubwonko bwawe bwo gutekereza no gutunganya amakuru bugira ingaruka nyuma yo gukubitwa ku mutwe.

Ibi bizamini bizasubirwamo nyuma kugira ngo hamenyekane uko ubwonko bwawe bwakize neza ndetse niba ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe (ishuri, akazi, siporo).

Ikizamini cyo gukubita umutwe (concussion test) kireba iki mu bwonko?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bw'ibizamini byo gucika intege mu bwonko. Bimwe ni ibintu byoroshye cyane, ndetse n'umutoza wa siporo arashobora kubikora. Bimwe ni ibizamini bigoye abaganga bakora. Ibi byose bikubiyemo gupima imikorere itandukanye y'ubwonko binyuze mu kuvuga, kwandika, cyangwa gukoresha ibizamini bya mudasobwa.

Ibintu by'ingenzi bigeragezwa ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kuba maso no Kwita ku bandi: Ni gute witayeho neza?
• Kwibuka: Kwibuka kw'igihe gito n'igihe kirekire bimeze bite?
• Umuvuduko wo gutekereza: Bifata igihe kingana iki gusubiza ikibazo cyangwa gusobanukirwa ikintu?
• Ibuka: Ese ushobora kwibuka no gusubiramo ikintu umaze kuvuga?
• Iyerekwa:Ese amaso akora neza?
• Kuringaniza no Guhuza Imiterere: Ese ushobora guhagarara ku kuguru kumwe no kugumana kuringaniza imiterere yawe?
• Reflexes: Uburyo umubiri ukora bumeze bute?

Ni ibihe bipimo bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukubita umutwe?

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwitwa "concussion pinning" bukoreshwa hirya no hino ku isi. Inyinshi muri zo ni ibibazo cyangwa urutonde rw'ibimenyetso. Bufite kandi uburyo bwo gutanga amanota.

Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:

Ibizamini ku kibuga cy'imikino

• Ikizamini cya SAC (Isuzumabumenyi ry’indwara yo mu mutwe): Iki gikoreshwa mu gusuzuma vuba uko umukinnyi ahagaze mu kibuga cyangwa mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ETU). Kibaza ibibazo byoroshye ku bintu nk'itariki n'igihe, kwibuka, no kwitabwaho.
• Ikizamini cya SCAT 5 (Igikoresho cyo Gusuzuma Ihungabana rya Siporo 5): Iki ni ikizamini kirambuye kurusha SAC. Gihabwa abantu barengeje imyaka 13. Gisuzuma ibintu byinshi, nko mu ijosi, kuringaniza umubiri, n'urutonde rw'ibimenyetso. Hariho kandi verisiyo itandukanye (y'abana) ku bana.
• Ikizamini cya King-Devick: Ibi bikubiyemo gusoma amakarita menshi afite inomero vuba bishoboka. Ibi bikorwa mbere yuko umukino utangira kandi igihe kigafatwa. Ibi bikongera gukorwa nyuma y'imvune yo mu mutwe. Iyo bifashe amasegonda 5 cyangwa arenga ugereranije na mbere, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara yo mu mutwe.

Ibizamini by'Ingano

• Ikizamini cya BESS (Sisitemu yo Gupima Amakosa yo Kunganya Amakosa): Iki gipimo cy'uburinganire bwawe. Usabwa gufata imyanya itandukanye ku buso buhamye n'ubudahindagurika (urugero, ku gitambaro cy'ifuro) amaso yawe afunze mu gihe cy'amasegonda 20. Uhabwa amanota bitewe n'uburyo unyeganyega cyangwa ugwa.

Ibipimo by'Ibimenyetso

• ACE (Isuzuma ry’indwara zo mu mutwe mu buryo bwihuse): Iki ni ikibazo gikoreshwa n’abaganga. Gikusanya amakuru menshi yerekeye ibimenyetso 22, uko impanuka yagenze, niba hari ibikomere byo mu mutwe byabayeho mbere, n’izindi ndwara.
• Ikizamini cya PCSS (Icyiciro cy'ibimenyetso nyuma yo kubabara mu bwonko): Muri ibi, umurwayi apima ibimenyetso 21 bitewe n'uburemere bwabyo (atari na gato, mu buryo bworoheje, bukomeye).

Ibizamini by'ubwonko bya mudasobwa

• Ikizamini cya ImpACT (Isuzuma ryihuse nyuma yo kubabara mu mutwe n'ikizamini cyo gutekereza):Iki ni ikizamini cya mudasobwa ku bakinnyi barengeje imyaka 12. Ni nk'umukino wa videwo. Ushobora gupima ibintu byinshi, harimo kwibuka mu buryo bw'amaso no mu magambo, igihe cyo gusubiza, ndetse n'umuvuduko ubwonko bukoresha mu gutunganya amakuru.

Uko ikizamini cyakorwa kose, muganga azagusuzuma neza mbere yo kugera ku mwanzuro wa nyuma. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, bashobora no gutumiza MRI cyangwa CT scan kugira ngo barebe niba hari amaraso cyangwa ibisebe mu bwonko.

Wakora iki niba ukeka ko hari ikibazo cyo kuribwa mu mutwe mu rugo?

Mbere ya byose, ibuka ko umuganga ari we wenyine ushobora gusuzuma no kwemeza ko afite indwara yo mu bwonko . Ariko, iyo umuntu wa hafi yawe (umwana, umubyeyi) aguye akamukubita umutwe, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ushobora gukusanya mbere yo kujya kwa muganga. Ibi bizafasha cyane umuganga mu gusuzuma indwara.

Ushobora kwitegereza ibintu bikurikira no gusangira ayo makuru na muganga wawe:

• Mubaze ibibazo byoroshye: mubaze izina rye, aho ari, isaha, itariki, n'ibyabaye ubu ngubu.
• Gerageza kwibuka kwawe: Saba undi muntu kuvuga ijambo ryoroshye (urugero: "isi").
• Baza ibimenyetso: Baza niba ufite umutwe, isereri, cyangwa isesemi.
• Reba uko amaso agenda: Reba urutoki rwawe hanyuma urwasabe ko ruzunguza amaso yombi mu cyerekezo ruganamo. Reba niba amaso yombi agenda hamwe neza.
• Impinduka mu mubiri: Baza niba hari ikintu kitagira ubuzima cyangwa ukumva nta kintu na kimwe kiri ku mubiri.
• Impinduka mu mivugire: Reba niba inkuru irimo urujijo cyangwa niba umuntu avuga mu buryo butari busanzwe.
• Umunyeshuri: Reba niba abanyeshuri bombi bafite ingano imwe cyangwa niba umwe ari munini kuruta undi.
• Impinduka mu myitwarire: Reba niba asa n'udatuje, ufite umujinya, cyangwa ufite urujijo kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Bigenda bite ukurikije ibisubizo by'ibizamini?

Iyo umuganga yemeje ko ufite ikibazo cyo kubabara mu mutwe (concussion), azaguha gahunda yo gukira. Iyi gahunda izaba ikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Kuruhuka: Ugomba kuruhuka no gusinzira neza kurusha uko bisanzwe. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko ugomba kuguma mu buriri umunsi wose. Ubwonko bwawe nabwo bukeneye kuruhuka. Ibyo bivuze kugabanya igihe umara ureba televiziyo, ukoresha telefoni yawe, usoma ibitabo, kandi ukina imikino yo kuri mudasobwa.
• Kwirinda ibintu bitera ibimenyetso: Menya ibintu bituma umutwe wawe n'izunguza birushaho kwiyongera, kandi wirinde ibyo bintu igihe gito.
• Gukira buhoro buhoro: Uko ibimenyetso bigabanuka, ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe buhoro buhoro. Niba ufite umwana, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe ajyanye n'uburyo bwo gusubira ku ishuri n'igihe cyo gusubira mu mikino.
• Guhuza: Ugomba kuvugana n'abarimu b'ishuri n'abatoza ba siporo, ugasobanura uko umwana amerewe, kandi ugakurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga.