Ese kureba kwawe kugenda kugabanuka buhoro buhoro? Ibi bishobora kuba ari indwara ya Corneal Ectasia!

Ese hari igihe wumva amaso yawe agenda agabanuka buhoro buhoro? Wenda ntushobora kubona neza nk'uko byari bimeze mbere, amaso yawe agahinduka ubururu iyo urebye urumuri? Impamvu imwe ishobora kuba indwara yihariye y'amaso. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, isaba kwitabwaho gato, yitwa cornea ectasia . Ntutinye, icy'ingenzi ni ukumenya ibi.

Ectasia ya Korneal ni iki?

Mu magambo make, cornea ectasia ni itsinda ry'indwara zigira ingaruka ku mboni (igice cy'imbere cy'ijisho gisobanutse neza, nk'indorerwamo ya kamera). Ikibaho muri ibi ni uko imiterere ya cornea yawe ihinduka buhoro buhoro. Imboni iragabanuka ikabyimba imbere. Tekereza nk'agapira gato k'inyuma. Ibi bihindura uburyo urumuri rwinjira mu jisho, bigatera astigmatism (ikosa ryo kugarura amaso) rishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kureba kwawe kugabanuka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Akenshi, iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku maso yombi, ariko rimwe na rimwe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku jisho rimwe gusa. Kuri bamwe, iyi cornea ectasia ishobora kuba yoroshye cyane ku buryo itanagaragazwa n'ibizamini byo kwa muganga. Ariko uko ibi bigenda bitera imbere, kureba kwawe gushobora kugabanuka cyane ku buryo udashobora kubona neza ndetse no gukoresha indorerwamo cyangwa lentile. Ariko, ingorane zikomeye nk'ubuhumyi ni nke cyane, bityo nta kintu na kimwe cyo guhangayikishwa na cyo. Ariko, kutabona neza bishobora kubangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi, nko kujya ku kazi cyangwa kwita ku muryango wawe. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gusuzuma iyi ndwara hakiri kare no gushaka ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa ectasia ya cornea?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwa cornea ectasia . Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo mu buryo bworoheje:

Keratokonus

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa cataract bukunze kugaragara cyane . Muri iki kibazo, cornea iragabanuka buhoro buhoro ikagenda ihinduka ishusho isa n'iy'umuhondo. Umuhondo, ubusanzwe uba uruziga, uba imiterere nk'iy'umuhondo. Tekereza nk'aho ari hejuru y'umuhondo wa ice cream.

Keratoglobus

Muri ibi, cornea yose iba nto cyane kandi ikagira ibibyimba imbere kugira ngo ihure nayo. cornea yose ishobora kugaragara nk'ibyimbye, nk'umupira munini.

Kwangirika kw'inyuma kwa Pellucide

Muri ibi, ushobora kubona ububobere mu gice cyo hasi cya cornea, nk'ukwezi gushya. Uko kugabanuka gutuma cornea isohoka iturutse hejuru.

Ectasia yo kubagwa nyuma yo gucibwamo kwa keratorefractive

Ibi ni ibintu bidasanzwe. Bibaho nyuma yo kubagwa kugira ngo hakosorwe ibibazo byo kutabona neza nka myopia ( kureba hafi).Indwara yo mu maso ya cornea . Urugero ni indwara yo mu maso ya cornea nyuma ya LASIK . Bivugwa ko umuntu umwe kuri 166 ubazwe amaso ya LASIK azarwara iyi ndwara. Ishobora no kubaho nyuma y’ubundi bwoko bw’indwara yo mu maso nka PRK .

Ectasia yo mu bwoko bwa keratoplasty nyuma yo kwinjira

Muri iki gihe, ectasia iba nk'ikibazo cyo guterwa cornea . Ikunze kwibasira abantu batewe cornea mu rwego rwo kuvura indwara ya keratoconus . Ishobora kugaragara ku muntu umwe kuri 10 mu myaka 10 nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ni nde urebwa cyane n'iki kibazo?

Indwara ya cornea ishobora kwibasira abantu b'imyaka iyo ari yo yose n'ubwoko bwose. Ntabwo itandukanya abagabo n'abagore. Hari igihe itangira mu bwana ikagera mu myaka yo hagati cyangwa nyuma yayo. Imyaka ibimenyetso bitangira kugaragara (itangira) iratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko:

• Keratoglobus : Akenshi ibaho mu bwana cyangwa mu bwangavu (imyaka 10).
• Keratoconus : Ubwana bwa mbere (mu mpera z'imyaka 10 kugeza mu ntangiriro z'imyaka 20).
• Kugabanuka k'umubiri kw'inyuma : Mu myaka ya za 20, 30, cyangwa 40.
• Ectasia nyuma yo kubagwa : Igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kuva ku mezi make kugeza ku myaka nyuma yo kubagwa .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Corneal Ectasia?

Indwara ya cornea ishobora kuba idatanga ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro. Ariko, uko indwara ikomeza kwiyongera, ibimenyetso nka:

• Ubushobozi bwo kureba bugenda burushaho kuba bubi uko igihe kigenda gihita.
• Kureba urumuri . Hari abantu bavuga ko bumva amaso yabo arimo gushya.
• Halos: Kubona inziga zikikije amatara mu gihe utwaye imodoka nijoro.
• Diplopia (kubona ibintu bibiri) ni ukubona amashusho abiri aho kubona kimwe.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara muri ibi ni ukugenda buhoro buhoro umuntu abona nabi uko imyaka igenda ihita. Mu ntangiriro, ibi bishobora kuba bitagaragara cyane, kandi ushobora kuba wakosora byoroshye amaso yawe ukoresheje indorerwamo. Ariko uko igihe kigenda gihita, amaso yawe ashobora kumera nabi ku buryo n'indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses bitagishobora kugufasha. Ibi biterwa nukoIndwara ya Corneal ectasia ni indwara aho imiterere y'imboni yawe ihinduka, bigatuma astigmatism irushaho kuba mbi. Mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe, nka keratoconus , inkovu za cornea zishobora kubaho, ibyo bikaba byanagabanya ubushobozi bwo kureba.

Ese hari ingorane ziteje akaga ziterwa no kurwara cornea ectasia?

Ni gake cyane, indwara ya cornea ectasia ishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye. Imwe muri zo ni cornea hydrops . Iyi ni indwara aho cornea ibyimba mu buryo butunguranye igahinduka amazi. Iyi ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi . Ifata abantu bagera kuri 3% barwaye keratoconus . Ibimenyetso bya cornea hydrops birimo:

• Kutabona neza mu buryo butunguranye
• Ubwinshi bw'ubwonko ku rumuri (amaso y'ubururu)
• Ububabare mu maso yanjye ntibushobora kwihanganira.

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ugana ishami ryita ku bibazo byihutirwa mu bitaro biri hafi yawe. Iki ni ikintu kidakwiye gutinda.

Ni izihe mpamvu zibitera? Ni izihe mpamvu zishobora gutera ibyago?

Akenshi biragoye kumenya impamvu nyayo itera corneal ectasia . Indwara nka keratoconus na keratoglobus zisa n'izigaragara mu miryango (bivuze ko hari umuntu wo mu muryango ushobora kuba yarazirwaye). Ectasia nyuma yo kubagwa ishobora guterwa n'intege nke mu cornea itarabonetse mu gihe cyo gupimwa mbere yo kubagwa. Ushobora kuba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara corneal ectasia kubera impamvu zikurikira:

• Niba ufite indwara y'imitsi ihuza ibice , nka Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Niba ufite ikibazo cy’uburwayi gituma wisiga amaso kenshi. Urugero , indwara y’ibyatsi , ubwivumbure bw’umukungugu, cyangwa eczema . Kwisiga amaso kenshi na byo bishobora gutera ibi, bityo rero ugomba kubyitondera.
• Niba wambaye lenses zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses, cyane cyane lenses zikomeye, igihe kirekire.
• Niba warabazwe uburyo bwo kuvura amaso.

Ubibona ute? (Isuzuma)

Inzobere mu kwita ku maso zisuzuma indwara ya cornea ectasia zikora ibi bikurikira:

• ByuzuyeHakorwa isuzuma ry’amaso rirambuye.
• Bazaganira nawe bakubaze amateka y'ubuzima bwawe ndetse niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira ibibazo nk'ibyo.
• Ibizamini byihariye birakorwa, nko gusuzuma itara ry'amaso hakoreshejwe itara ryihariye ry'amaso (slit lamp ) no gusuzuma imiterere y'amaso (corneal topographic) ( ikizamini gifata ikarita y'ubuso bw'amaso hanyuma kigasuzuma impinduka mu miterere yayo).

" Kumenya iki kibazo hakiri kare bituma muganga wawe agukorera gahunda ikwiye yo kuvura. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa ko upimwa amaso buri mwaka, cyane cyane niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite indwara ya keratoconus cyangwa izindi ndwara z'amaso." "Nanone, iki kibazo ni ingenzi mbere yo kubagwa amaso nk'uko LASIK ibivuga. Indwara ya Corneal ectasia, isanzwe ihari, ishobora kwiyongera nubwo yaba yoroheje cyane kandi nta bimenyetso ufite. Kubwibyo, muganga wawe azakora ibizamini mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo arebe neza ko uri mu kaga gake."

Ese hari uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya cornea ectasia?

Yego rwose! Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura Corneal Ectasia . Ubu buryo bwo kuvura buva ku ndorerwamo kugeza ku kubagwa. Abaganga b'amaso bazahitamo uburyo bujyanye n'ibyo ukeneye ku giti cyawe. Ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi ukeneye buzaterwa n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe n'uburyo ubona neza. Uburyo bwo kuvura burimo:

Ni iki kibaho ku ndorerwamo?

Indorerwamo zishobora kugufasha kureba neza , ariko ntizibuza indwara gukomeza. Indorerwamo zikunze gufasha mu ntangiriro z'indwara ya cornea ectasia .

Mbwira ibijyanye n'indorerwamo z'amaso.

Kimwe n'indorerwamo, lentile zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses zishobora kugufasha kubona neza , ariko ntizihagarika cyangwa ngo zigabanye iterambere ry'indwara. Zishobora gufasha mu ntangiriro no mu gihe kiri hagati. Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwa lentile zo mu bwoko bwa contact lenses, harimo lentile zoroshye n'izikomeye, ndetse na lentile zo mu bwoko bwa scleral zagenewe iyi ndwara. Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo izikubereye.

Ni ryari kubagwa biba ngombwa?

Kubagwa akenshi ni byiza ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy’ububabare bw’amaso buri hagati kugeza ku bukomere. Muganga w’amaso azabanza kugerageza kugutera kubona neza bihagije mu mirimo ya buri munsi akoresheje ingamba zoroshye nko gupima indorerwamo n’indorerwamo. Ariko, niba indorerwamo n’indorerwamo zidakosora neza icyerekezo cyawe, cyangwa niba ibizamini bigaragaza ko ikibazo kirimo kwiyongera, ushobora kubagwa.Kubagwa bitandukanye n'indorerwamo n'indorerwamo z'amaso. Kubera ko kubagwa bishobora kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ikwirakwira ry'indwara. Niba muganga wawe agusabye kubagwa, ushobora kwibaza ubwoko bw'ububaji ukeneye n'ikizaba nyuma yaho. Ni ngombwa gufata umwanya wo kwiga uburyo bwo kubaga. Buri kubagwa bifite ibyiza n'ingaruka zako. Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubu bubaji n'ikikubereye. Uburyo bwo kubaga burimo:

• Gutera impeta y'inyuma y'ijisho : Uku kubaga kugizwe no gushyira impeta nto za pulasitiki (uduce) mu jisho ryawe kugira ngo hakosorwe imiterere ya jisho ryawe. Ibi bifasha kugabanya imiterere y'inyuma y'ijisho no gushyira urumuri rwinjira mu jisho ryawe, bishobora gufasha kunoza uburyo ubona. Izi mpeta z'inyuma y'ijisho zinatwa Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segments (ICRS) .
• Corneal Cross-Linking (CXL) : Ubu ni uburyo bw'ingenzi cyane bwo kubaga. Bukoresha riboflavin (vitamine B2) n'urumuri rwa UV kugira ngo bukomeze imikoranire iri hagati y'imigozi ya collagen (poroteyine ziha cornea imbaraga n'imiterere yayo) muri cornea yawe. Ni nko gukomeza inkingi z'inyubako. CXL ishobora kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika iterambere rya cornea ectasia . Ni ingirakamaro cyane cyane iyo bikozwe mbere yuko indwara ikomeza.
• Gutera cornea : Ubu buryo bwo kubaga buguha cornea nshya (iturutse ku muntu utanga). Abaganga bakoresha amahitamo atandukanye bitewe n'uburyo ingingo z'inyuma z'umubiri wawe zangiritse. Urugero, muri Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) , umuganga akuraho gusa ibice byo hejuru n'ibyo hagati bya cornea, agasiga urwego ruzima ruri munsi ( endothelium ) rudahinduka. Ubu buryo bufite ibyago bike byo kwangwa ugereranyije no kwinjira muri keratoplasty (isimbura ibice byose bya cornea).

None se nyuma y'iki kibazo hazabaho iki? (Outlook)

Muganga wawe ni we muntu mwiza wo kubaza ku buzima bwawe n'uko ejo hazaza hameze. Azi uko amaso yawe ameze n'amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi. Ashobora kukubwira icyo ukwiye kwitega akurikije amateka yawe n'ibisubizo by'ibizamini. Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa impungenge, ntutindiganye kumubaza ibisubizo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kugabanya iki kibazo?

Ikibabaje ni uko ubwoko bwinshi bwa cornea ectasia budashobora kwirindwa. Ariko, kubimenya hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kuvurwa ku gihe no kwirinda ibintu bishobora gutuma iyo ndwara irushaho kuba mbi.Ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo wongere amahirwe yo kumenyekana hakiri kare:

• Jya kwisuzumisha amaso buri mwaka.
• Mbere yo kubagwa uburyo bwo kuvura amaso, baza muganga wawe ku ngaruka zo kurwara cornea ectasia .
• Menya niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira ikibazo cyo kurwara cornea (nanone usangize aya makuru muganga wawe).

Nitwara nte?

Impinduka nyinshi mu mibereho ntizigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ndwara yo mu maso . Ariko, kwisiga amaso bishobora gutuma ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'indwara yo mu maso burushaho kuba bubi. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Gerageza kwirinda kwisiga amaso cyane uko bishoboka kose. Niba bikugora kubikora, cyangwa niba biterwa n'uburwayi bwo mu maso, vugana n'inzobere mu by'amaso cyangwa muganga w'ibanze. Bashobora kukugira inama kandi, nibiba ngombwa, bakakwandikira imiti. Urugero, imwe mu miti igabanya ubwivumbure (antihistamines) ishobora kugufasha kugabanya ubushake bwo kwisiga amaso.

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga?

Muganga wawe azakubwira inshuro ugomba kuza gukurikirana. Ibi bizaterwa n'ubwoko bwa cornea ectasia ufite, ubukana bwayo, n'ubuvuzi uhabwa. Ushobora kuza gukurikirana buri mezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu kugira ngo urebe niba ikibazo kirimo kwiyongera. Ibi bizafasha muganga wawe guhitamo igihe cyiza cyo gutangira kuvurwa. Ni ngombwa kubahiriza gahunda zawe zose. Muganga wawe azakurikirana hafi indwara yawe kandi akore ibizamini bikenewe kugira ngo ateganye ubuvuzi bwawe. Kugira ngo ukomeze kureba neza cornea ectasia uko bishoboka kose, ugomba kwitonda cyane ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe no gukurikirana. Niba ubonye ibimenyetso bya cornea ectasia , bivuze ko kureba kwawe kugenda kumera nabi buhoro buhoro, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya kandi ufate gahunda, nubwo igihe cyo kwipimisha amaso yawe buri mwaka cyaba kigeze.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihutirwa (ETU) ?

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso , jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze cy’ibitaro vuba :

• Niba ugize ububabare butunguranye cyangwa bukomeye mu maso.
• Nta kibazo niba amaso yawe atangiye kugaragara nabi mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa niba ibintu bigaragara mu bice bibiri.
• Iyo ijisho ribyimbye (edema) , ni ukuvuga iyo ribaye rinini nk'aho ryuzuye amazi.

Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'uburwayi bwihutirwa, nka cornea hydrops, bisaba kuvurwa vuba.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya ectasia ya cornea na keratoconus?

Biroroshye kwitiranya aya magambo abiri, si byo se? Corneal Ectasia niNk'umutaka mukuru. Ibyo bivuze ko ari ubwoko bunini, itsinda ry'indwara. Keratoconus ni ubwoko bumwe bwa ectasia ya cornea , kandi ni nabwo bukunze kugaragara cyane . Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko hafi umuntu umwe kuri 400, cyangwa umwe kuri 2.000, afite keratoconus . Ariko, ubushakashatsi bumwe bwerekana ko umubare nyakuri w'abantu bafite iyi ndwara ushobora kuba uri hejuru cyane kurusha iyi mibare. Ectasia ya cornea ishobora gutera stress, guhangayika, no gucika intege mu gihe ukora, wita ku muryango, cyangwa urimo gukora ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko uburyo bwo kuvura buri kugenda butera imbere umunsi ku wundi. Kubaga bumwe na bumwe biguha amahirwe yo kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika ikwirakwira ry'indwara. Vugana n'umuganga w'amaso ku nzira ikubereye.

None se, ni ibihe bintu tugomba kwibuka muri ibi byose?

• Indwara ya cornea ni indwara aho cornea y'ijisho iba nto ikagenda izamuka imbere, bigatuma umuntu atabona neza. Keratoconus ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane.
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kutabona buhoro buhoro, kumva urumuri, cyangwa kubona impeta zikikije amatara , ugomba kujya kwa muganga w’amaso.
• Kumenya hakiri kare no kuvura neza ni ingenzi cyane. Ibi bishobora gufasha gukumira ko ubumuga bwo kutabona bukomeza kwangirika.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura burimo indorerwamo, indorerwamo z'amaso, n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kubaga (nk'ubuvuzi bwa `Corneal Cross-Linking`, `Corneal Rings`, `Corneal Transplant`) . Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo ikikubereye.
• Irinde kwisiga amaso. Ibi bishobora gutuma ikibazo kirushaho gukomera.
• Ntukibagirwe kwipimisha amaso buri mwaka, cyane cyane niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite izi ndwara.
• Niba ugize ububabare bukabije bw'amaso, kutabona neza, cyangwa kubyimba mu jisho ryawe , ni ngombwa. Jya kwa muganga vuba.

Amaso yawe ni ingenzi cyane. Niba rero ubonye impinduka nke mu kureba kwawe, byitondere. Ntutinye kuvugana na muganga. Guvurwa hakiri kare bishobora gufasha cyane mu kugera ku musaruro mwiza.

Ectasia ya Corneal, Keratoconus, Kutabona neza, Korneal, Indwara z'amaso, Ubusembwa bwo kureba, Gutera Korneal