Niba ufite indwara yo kwiheba ikomeye (MDD), ushobora kuba wibaza ku bijyanye no gushinga umuryango. "Ese nzagomba guhagarika imiti yanjye?", "Ese umwana azaba mu kaga nintareka kuyifata?", "Ese nshobora gufata uyu muti ndi konsa?" Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi mu mutwe wawe. Ushobora kuba umaze igihe kinini uhanganye n'indwara yo kwiheba, cyangwa ukaba uherutse kuyirwara. Impamvu iyo ari yo yose, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kumenya mu gihe utangiye uru rugendo. Reka tubiganireho.
Kuki ubuvuzi ari ingenzi cyane?
Mu magambo make, iyo utavuje indwara yo kwiheba kwawe, ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kugaruka kenshi. Ibi tubyita gusubira inyuma. Iyo wihebye, ushobora kubura ibintu nko kurya no kunywa, kubona ubuvuzi wowe n'umwana wawe mukeneye, kandi ushobora no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge.
Ikirenzeho, hari ibyago byinshi byo kugira ihungabana nyuma yo kuvuka , bishobora kugira ingaruka zitaziguye ku mubano wawe n'umwana wawe.
Nk’uko abahanga mu by’ubuvuzi babigaragaza, abana bavutse ku babyeyi bafite ikibazo cyo kwiheba, stress, cyangwa guhangayika mu gihe batwite baba bafite urugero rwo hejuru rw’imisemburo ya stress 'Cortisol'. Ibi bishobora gutuma abo bana bagira ibyiyumvo bikabije (extra reactivity) bakiri bato. Ibi bishobora kubategurira inzira yo kugira ibibazo byo mu mutwe mu gihe kizaza.
Guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye biterwa n'ibintu byinshi.
- Uburemere bw'ihungabana ryawe.
- Ni ubuhe buvuzi urimo guhabwa ubu?
- Uko wakiriye imiti wakoresheje mbere.
- Waba utwite, uteganya gusama, cyangwa wonsa.
Niba ufite ihungabana ryoroheje, kandi ukaba warigeze kubona ihumure mu bintu nk'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe, amatsinda y'abaterankunga, cyangwa yoga yo mu gihe cyo kubyara, ushobora kurenga iki gihe udafite imiti. Ariko icyo ni ikintu ugomba kuganira na muganga wawe. Niba ukeneye imiti nyuma, hari amahitamo menshi yo gutangira ku miti idatera ingaruka mbi.
Ku ndwara zikomeye zo kwiheba zidakira imiti, hariho n'uburyo bwo kuvura bwitwa electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) . Ibi bikubiyemo kohereza utuntu duto tw'amashanyarazi mu bwonko, bigahindura imikorere y'uturemangingo tw'imitsi (neurons) n'ibindi bintu binyabutabire. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bufatwa nk'ubutekanye kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe .
Imiti n'ingaruka zayo
Muri rusange, ibyago byo kuvukana ubumuga cyangwa ibindi bibazo ku mwana bivuye mu gufata imiti igabanya ubukana mu gihe atwite ni bike cyane. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiti imwe n'imwe ifite umutekano kurusha indi. Reka turebere hamwe ibyo ari byo.
| Igihe | Icyo gukora n'imiti ugomba kuzirikana |
|---|---|
| Mbere yo gutwita | Niba bishoboka, vugana n'umuganga w'abagore n'abaganga b'indwara zo mu mutwe mbere yuko utangira gutekereza kubyara no gufata gahunda yo kuvura. Niba ukeneye guhindura imiti, iki ni cyo gihe cyiza cyo kubikora. Ubwoko bubiri bw'imiti igabanya ubukana bwagaragaye ko ari yo yizewe mu gihe cyo gutwita ni SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) na TCA (Tricyclic Antidepressants) . Ariko, kubera ko TCA ari imiti ishaje ifite ingaruka mbi nyinshi, abaganga ntibayitangaho inama mbere. Abantu benshi bahabwa SSRI yakoreweho ubushakashatsi bwimbitse. Urugero: Citalopram (Celexa), Escitalopram (Lexapro), Fluoxetine (Prozac), Sertraline (Zoloft) . |
| Mu gihe cyo gutwita | Niba usanzwe ufata imiti, ntugahindukire ukoreshe indi miti, uko yaba iri kose. Ibi bizarinda umwana guhura n'imiti myinshi bitari ngombwa. Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, ntukihebe gufata imiti yo kuvura indwara yo kwiheba mu gihe utwite. Hari abantu, ndetse n'abaganga, batekereza ko uyu muti ari ikintu kigomba gufatwa "gusa igihe bibaye ngombwa rwose." Ariko kwiheba ni indwara igomba kuvurwa, kimwe na diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso. |
| Nyuma yo kubyara umwana | Biragoye cyane guhangana n'ibimenyetso by'ihungabana mu gihe wita ku mwana ukiri muto. Rero ni ingenzi cyane gukomeza gufata imiti yawe. Niba wumva ibimenyetso byawe birushaho kwiyongera, vugana na muganga wawe vuba. Imiti ishobora kwinjira mu mashereka, ariko mu rugero ruto cyane. Mu by'ukuri, munsi ya 10% by'umuti ufata.Kubwibyo, nta gihe na kimwe ugomba kureka konsa umwana wawe kubera ko ufata imiti. |
Reka twige n'ubundi bwoko bw'imiti.
Niba ufata SNRI (Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor) kubera ko SSRI zitagukorera, nka Duloxetine (Cymbalta) cyangwa Venlafaxine (Effexor), ibyo ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye. Abaganga baravuga bati: "Niba uyu muti ukorera uyu muntu, kandi tuzi ko undi ushobora kudakora, sinshaka kuwuhindura." Kuko hari ubushakashatsi bwerekana urwego runaka rw'umutekano kuri SNRI.
Ariko, imiti mishya nka Vortioxetine (Trintellix) ntabwo irakorerwa ubushakashatsi buhagije kugira ngo hamenyekane umutekano wayo mu gihe cyo gutwita. Muri ibyo bihe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo guhindura imiti yizewe.
Amarangamutima akubabaza ...
"Ese ndi umubyeyi mubi kuko nywa imiti?" Ibi bitekerezo bishobora kuza mu mutwe wawe. Ariko si ko bimeze mu by'ukuri.
Impuguke zigaragaza ko "Bitewe n'igisuzuguriro giterwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe mu gihugu cyacu, abantu benshi batekereza ko gufata imiti yo kwiheba ari ikintu kidasanzwe, kidakenewe. Iyo uvuze uti 'Fata uyu muti gusa niba koko uwukeneye,' umubyeyi yumva afite icyaha gikomeye kuri we."
Ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba gusobanukirwa ni uko kwiheba atari intege nke zawe. Ni indwara isaba kuvurwa. Kuba umubyeyi muzima bitanga ahantu heza ho kugira umwana muzima. Niba ukeneye imiti, kuyifata ni cyo kintu cyiza ushobora gukorera wowe n'umwana wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ihungabana ni indwara nyayo. Ni ngombwa kuyivura wowe n'umwana wawe.
- Igihe cyose bishoboka, ganira na muganga wawe mbere yo gutwita kandi utegure gahunda yo kuvura.
- Imiti myinshi ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara yo kwiheba ni myiza mu gihe cyo gutwita no konsa.
- Ntugahagarike gufata imiti cyangwa ngo uhindure ingano yayo utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
- Ntukihebe gufata imiti kugira ngo ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Umubyeyi muzima ni impano nziza ku mwana muzima.
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