Niba urwaye diyabete, ushobora kuba warigeze kumva interuro "isukari nyinshi mu maraso". Ushobora kuba warumvise ko byagendekeye inshuti yawe cyangwa umuvandimwe wawe. Muri make, ibi ni byo siyansi y'ubuvuzi yita hyperglycemia. Bivuze ko ingano ya glucose (isukari) mu maraso yawe yiyongera cyane. Ibi bibaho kubera ko umubiri wawe udakora imisemburo ya insuline neza cyangwa ntushobora gukoresha insuline ikora neza. None rero uyu munsi, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bwimbitse, mu buryo buri wese ashobora gusobanukirwa.
Mu by'ukuri, hyperglycemia ni iki?
Tekereza nawe, uturemangingo mu mubiri wacu tumeze nka moteri nto. Izi moteri zikenera ingufu, cyangwa ibicanwa, kugira ngo zikore. Iyi sukari ni isukari, tuyikura mu biryo turya, cyane cyane mu biribwa birimo isukari. Ariko iyi sukari ntishobora kwinjira mu turemangingo mu buryo butaziguye. Ikeneye ubufasha buturutse ku misemburo yitwa insuline. Insulini ni nk'urufunguzo rufungura umuryango w'uturemangingo.
Umuntu urwaye diyabete agira ikibazo kuri uru rufunguzo (insuline). Haba nta mfunguzo zihagije (diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1), cyangwa se niba hari imfunguzo, ntizijya neza ku rugi (insuline idakora neza, nk'uko biba kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2). Hanyuma bigenda bite? Isukari yirundanya mu maraso ntishobora kwinjira mu turemangingo ngo yirundanye mu maraso. Uku kwiyongera kw'isukari mu maraso byitwa hyperglycemia.
Hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubikora:
| Ubwoko bwa hyperglycemia | Mu magambo make ... |
|---|---|
| Kwiyiriza ubusa isukari nyinshi mu gipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso | Ibi bivuze ko igipimo cy'isukari mu maraso yawe kiri hejuru ya 130 mg/dL nyuma y'amasaha 8 utarya cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose. (Niba agaciro kawe kari hagati ya 100-125 mg/dL, bifatwa nk'isukari itaragera ku rugero rw'isukari.) |
| Isukari nyinshi nyuma yo kurya | Iyo isukari yo mu maraso igenzuwe amasaha 2 nyuma yo kurya, iba iri hejuru ya 180 mg/dL . Ndetse no nyuma yo kurya byinshi, iyi ngano ntikunze kuzamuka ikarenga 140 mg/dL ku muntu udafite diyabete. |
Ikirenze byose, iyo iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyangwa ikomeje, ishobora kwangiza imitsi yawe, imiyoboro y'amaraso, n'ingingo z'imbere. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kuyisuzuma no kuyivura vuba.
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera isukari nyinshi mu maraso?
Hari impamvu zitandukanye zishobora gutuma umuntu urwaye diyabete agira isukari nyinshi mu maraso.
- Kwibagirwa cyangwa gusiba imiti ya insuline cyangwa diyabete yandikiwe na muganga ku gihe .
- Kurya ibiryo birimo isukari nyinshi (inyama) kurusha ingano ya insuline ukeneye. Urugero, kurya umuceri, umugati, cyangwa ibirayi byinshi.
- Indwara mu mubiri.
- Indi ndwara iyo ari yo yose (urugero: ibicurane, grippe).
- Kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'ihungabana .
- Kutagira imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa kudakora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
- Hari igihe gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri ikabije cyane (cyane cyane iyo isukari iri hejuru mu maraso kandi urugero rwa insuline ruri hasi) nabyo bishobora kuba impamvu.
Ese abantu badafite diyabete bashobora kugira isukari nyinshi mu maraso?
Yego, ndetse n'abantu badafite diyabete rimwe na rimwe bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu mubiri (hyperglycemia).
- Indwara ya Cushing: Iyi ni indwara idakunze kubaho iyo umubiri ufite imisemburo myinshi ya cortisol igihe kirekire.
- Indwara za pancreas: Iyo hari indwara ya pancreas ikora insuline (pancreatitis cyangwa kanseri ya pancreas), umusaruro wa insuline ushobora guhagarara.
- Indwara y'intanga ngabo (PCOS): Iyi ndwara, ikunze kugaragara ku bagore, irangwa no kudakora insuline.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti imwe n'imwe, nka steroid, ishobora kongera by'agateganyo urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'isukari nyinshi mu maraso?
Ibimenyetso bya hyperglycemia bishobora gutandukana mu ntangiriro no mu gihe indwara ikomeza. Ni ngombwa kubimenya.
| Ibimenyetso bya mbere | Ibimenyetso bigaragara mu gihe kirekire |
|---|---|
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Ihungabana: Ketoacidosis ya Diyabete (DKA)
Iki ni ikintu cyo kwitondera cyane. Iyo hyperglycemia ikomeje kudafatwa ingamba, cyane cyane ku bantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1, ishobora gutera indwara ikomeye kandi ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga yitwa Diabete Ketoacidosis (DKA).
Mu magambo make, iyo uturemangingo tudashobora kubona isukari, umubiri utangira gutwika ibinure kugira ngo ubone ingufu. Iyi gahunda ikora imiti yitwa "ketones." Iyo izi ketone zirundanyije mu maraso, amaraso ahinduka aside. Ibi ni bibi cyane.
Ibimenyetso by'indwara ya DKA:
- Isesemi no kuruka
- Kubura amazi menshi mu mubiri
- Kubabara mu nda
- Guhumeka bigoranye
- Impumuro y'imbuto ku mwuka
- Umutima utera cyane
- Urujijo no gutakaza ubwenge (koma)
Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ujya mu bitaro byihutirwa (ETU). Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi.
Ni gute twagenzura kandi tukarinda iki kibazo?
Niba urwaye diyabete kandi ukaba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, banza urebe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe. Hanyuma uganire na muganga wawe. Ashobora kukugira inama nk'iyi:
1. Nywa amazi menshi: Kunywa amazi bifasha gusohora isukari nyinshi mu mubiri binyuze mu nkari. Bishobora kandi gukumira umwuma.
2. Imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora gufasha kugabanya urugero rw'isukari mu maraso. Ariko hari ikintu cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka. Niba urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe rumaze kuba hejuru kandi ukaba ufite ketone mu nkari zawe (cyane cyane muri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1), imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora gutuma ibintu birushaho kuba bibi.Kubwibyo, menya neza ko ugisha inama muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.
3. Hindura uburyo urya: Ushobora gukenera guhindura ingano n'ubwoko bwa karubohidrati mu mirire yawe. Ushobora gusaba inama impuguke mu mirire kuri ibi.
4. Guhindura Imiti: Ntukigere uhindura ubwoko, urugero, cyangwa igihe cy'imiti yawe utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe. Nibiba ngombwa, muganga wawe ni we uzahindura.
Ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukwirinda ko iki kibazo kibaho. Ibi bisaba gukurikiza neza gahunda yawe yo kurwanya diyabete.
- Fata imiti wahawe na muganga ku gihe.
- Kurikiza gahunda y'amafunguro yagenwe.
- Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
- Suzuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe buri gihe.
- Ni ngombwa cyane kwambara indangamuntu yo kwa muganga kugira ngo abandi bamenye ko urwaye diyabete mu gihe cy’impanuka.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Isukari nyinshi mu maraso ni urugero rw'isukari mu maraso rukabije. Iyi ni indwara ikunze kugaragara ku bantu barwaye diyabete.
- Menya ibimenyetso bya mbere nko kugira inyota kenshi, kwihagarika kenshi, umunaniro, no kutabona neza.
- Ushobora kugenzura iyi ndwara ukurikiza neza indyo, imyitozo ngororamubiri, n'imiti uhabwa na muganga wawe.
- Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bikomeye nko kuruka, kuribwa mu nda, n'impumuro y'imbuto mu mwuka wawe, jya kwa muganga wita ku barwayi ba ETU vuba kuko bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa cyitwa (DKA) .
- Ntuzigere uhindura imiti yawe nta nama za muganga. Niba ufite ikibazo, vugana na muganga wawe.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.