DIC ni iki? Indwara iteje akaga aho amaraso acika mu mubiri (Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation)

Tekereza kuva amaraso mu buryo butunguranye mu mubiri wawe wose, ndetse no gukomeretsa ahantu hose. Ibi biteye ubwoba cyane, si byo se? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara ikomeye cyane, ariko idakunze kugaragara. Iyi ndwara yitwa Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, cyangwa DIC mu magambo ahinnye. Reka tuvuge kuri ibi mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Mu magambo make, DIC ni iki?

DIC ni ikibazo kigoye cyane kandi gikomeye kibaho mu miyoboro yacu yo kuvura amaraso. Hari ikintu kidasanzwe kibaho muri ibi. Ku ruhande rumwe, umubare munini w'uturemangingo duto tw'amaraso dutangira kwirema mu mitsi y'amaraso y'umubiri bitari ngombwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ibi bituma ikintu cy'ingenzi gifasha amaraso kwirema kwirema kwirema, bigatuma ava amaraso mu buryo butunguranye .

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya DIC?

Muri iki kibazo, kuvura amaraso no kuva amaraso bibaho icyarimwe, bityo ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara bifitanye isano na byo byombi.

Kuki iyi DIC iba? Reka tubirebe mu buryo burambuye.

Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe, tugomba kubanza gusobanukirwa gato uburyo imibiri yacu isanzwe ifungana. Tekereza ufite agasebe gato ku kuboko kwawe. Muri icyo gihe, uduce duto tw’amaraso mu maraso yacu n’ibintu bigabanya amaraso bikozwe n’umwijima bihurira hamwe kugira ngo bifunge igikomere kandi bihagarike kuva amaraso. Ni nko gukoresha amatafari (uduce duto) na sima (poroteyine) kugira ngo dupfuke umwobo ku rukuta.

Ariko ku bijyanye na DIC, iyi gahunda irahungabanye burundu.

Icyiciro cya kabiri cy'indwara ya DIC

1. Icyiciro cya 1 (Amaraso Afunze): Bitewe n'indwara ikomeye, amaraso abarirwa mu bihumbi atangira kugaragara mu mitsi mito y'amaraso mu mubiri wose. Ibi bigabanya uburyo amaraso anyura mu ngingo z'ingenzi nk'ubwonko, impyiko n'ibihaha. Ni nk'aho buri muhanda muto wo mu mujyi wafunzwe mu buryo butunguranye.

2. Icyiciro cya 2 (Gukura amaraso): Mu gukora uduce tw'amaraso tudakenewe, umubiri wacu ukoresha plaquettes zose na poroteyine zo kuvura amaraso. Noneho, iyo habayeho igikomere koko, umubiri ntuba ufite "amatafari na sima" bikenewe kugira ngo ukingire. Ingaruka ni ukuva amaraso menshi kandi adatekanye.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara DIC?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, ibi ni ingaruka z'indi ndwara ikomeye. Kubwibyo, abantu bafite ibi bikurikira baba bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara DIC:

Abaganga babibona bate?

DIC ikunze kuba ku muntu usanzwe ari mu bitaro kandi arimo kuvurwa indwara ikomeye. Muganga wawe azasuzuma witonze ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe. Byongeye kandi, azakora ibizamini byinshi byihariye by'amaraso kugira ngo yemeze iyo ndwara.

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC): Reba niba umubare w'amaraso mu maraso ari muke.
• Igihe cya Prothrombin (PT) n'Igihe cya Thromboplastin (PTT): Pima igihe bifata kugira ngo amaraso agire ivumbi.
• Ikizamini cya Fibrinogen: Kigenzura urugero rwa poroteyine ifasha amaraso kubumba.
• Ikizamini cya D-dimer: Ikintu gikorwa iyo amaraso acitse mu mubiri. Ingano nyinshi y'ibi ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cya DIC.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Intambwe y'ingenzi kandi ya mbere mu kuvura DIC ni ukuvura indwara y’ibanze (urugero: sepsis) yateye iyo ndwara. DIC yonyine ntishobora gukira idavuwe.

Mu gihe batanga ubwo buvuzi bw'ibanze, abaganga bakora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo bagenzure DIC:

• Gutera amaraso mu maraso: Kugarura poroteyine (ibintu bituma amaraso agwa) bikenewe kugira ngo amaraso agwa.
• Gutanga platelets n'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso: Kugarura platelets n'uturemangingo dutukura twagabanutse kubera kuva amaraso.
• Imiti igabanya amaraso mu mubiri:Hari ubwo iyi miti (igabanya amaraso) itangwa kugira ngo igabanye kugabanuka kw'amaraso kudasanzwe.

Ni ryari ukenera kujya kwa muganga mu buryo butunguranye?

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi arwaye cyane kandi ibimenyetso bikurikira bikagaragara mu buryo butunguranye, jya mu bitaro byita ku barwayi ba ETU byihutirwa (ETU) .

• Iyo amaraso menshi atangiye kuva, ntabwo byahagarara .
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso by'indwara y'umutima (ububabare bukomeye mu gatuza, guhumeka bigoranye).
• Iyo ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu bwonko (guhumbya uruhande rumwe rw'isura, kugorwa no kuvuga, gutakaza ibyiyumvo mu kuboko) bigaragaye.

Ese DIC ishobora gukira burundu?

Yego, birashoboka rwose. Iyo impamvu nyamukuru ya DIC igenzuwe neza , umurwayi ashobora gukira neza. Uburyo bwo kuvura bufasha, nko guterwa amaraso mu maraso no guterwa amaraso, bushobora gufasha kugarura uburyo amaraso afungana.

Kugira DIC bivuze ko usanzwe uhanganye n'indi ndwara ikomeye. Rero, bishobora kugutera imihangayiko guhangana n'iki kibazo cyiyongereyeho. Ariko, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.

• Fata umuti wanditswe ku gihe cyagenwe kandi mu gipimo cyagenwe. Ntugahagarike gufata umuti uwo ari wo wose cyangwa ngo uhindure igipimo utabanje kugirwa inama na muganga.
• Ntugakoreshe imiti igabanya ububabare, vitamine, cyangwa izindi nyongeramusaruro ugura muri farumasi utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
• Niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, menyesha buri muganga ugusuzuma.

Ni ibisanzwe kugira ubwoba iyo umenye indwara ikomeye nk'iyi. Ariko ibuka ko igihugu cyacu gifite abaganga b'inzobere n'abakozi b'ibitaro bahuguwe mu guhangana n'indwara nk'izo zikomeye. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubagirira icyizere no gushaka ubuvuzi.