Ese uzi iyi 'hormone y'ibyishimo', dopamine? Reka tubiganireho birambuye!

Ese wigeze wumva ikintu cyitwa 'hormone y'ibyishimo'? Hari igihe wumva wishimye kandi unezerewe gusa, si byo se? Ifitanye isano rya hafi n'ibyo byiyumvo yitwa Dopamine. Igira uruhare mu mirimo myinshi y'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu. None rero, uyu munsi, reka twige byinshi kuri Dopamine.

Dopamine ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, dopamine ni shimi isanzwe ikorerwa mu bwonko bwacu. Ni mu itsinda ry'imiti yitwa "Monoamine neurotransmitters." Ni "Neurotransmitter", bivuze neurotransmitter . Tekereza, uturemangingo tw'imitsi mu bwonko bwacu twohererezanya ubutumwa. Dopamine ni "ubutumwa bwa chimique" bufasha mu guhererekanya ubwo butumwa. Bufasha gutwara ubwo butumwa buva mu bwonko bujya mu bindi bice by'umubiri wacu.

Nanone, dopamine ni imisemburo . Dopamine, epinephrine, na norepinephrine ni byo binini bya catecholamine. Iyi misemburo ikorwa n'uturemangingo tw'inkende, tuba hejuru y'impyiko zacu. Byongeye kandi, hypothalamus mu bwonko bwacu inasohora dopamine, imisemburo ya neurohormone.

Dopamine ikora iki ku mibiri yacu?

Dopamine ni shimi igira uruhare mu bikorwa byinshi by'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo.

Dopamine nk'umuti w'ubwonko

Nk'umuti utuma umuntu agira imikorere y'ubwonko, dopamine igira uruhare mu bintu bikurikira:

• Ingendo: Bifasha kugenzura ingendo z'umubiri wacu.
• Kwibuka: Ibi ni ingenzi mu kwibuka ibintu.
• Igihembo gishimishije n'igitutu: Iyo tugize ibyishimo bivuye ku kintu runaka, twumva dushaka kongera kugikora, kandi ibyo biterwa na dopamine.
• Imyitwarire n'ubwenge: Bigira ingaruka ku miterere y'imyitwarire yacu n'ubushobozi bwacu bwo gusobanukirwa ikintu runaka.
• Kwitondera: Bigufasha gukomeza kwibanda ku kintu runaka.
• Gusinzira no gukanguka: Binafasha mu kugena uburyo dusinzira no gukanguka.
• Amarangamutima: Ibi bigira ingaruka no ku miterere y'imitekerereze yacu, twaba twishimye cyangwa tubabaye.
• Kwiga: Dopamine nayo ni ingenzi mu gihe umuntu yiga ibintu bishya.
• Kubyara: Bifitanye isano kandi n'uburyo bwo gukora amata ku babyeyi bonsa.

Dopamine nk'umusemburo

Dopamine ni imisemburo isohoka mu maraso yacu. Igira kandi uruhare ruto mu buryo umubiri witwaramo iyo duhuye n'ikibazo, nk'akaga. Ni ukuvuga ko iyo ubonye ikintu giteye ubwoba gitunguranye, bigira ingaruka ku buryo umubiri wawe ubyitwaramo.

Byongeye kandi, dopamine, nk'imisemburo, ikora ibi bikurikira:

• Ifasha kwaguka (mu rugero ruto - `(Vasodilator)`) cyangwa kugabanya (mu rugero rwo hejuru - `(Vasoconstrictor)`) imiyoboro y'amaraso.
• Byongera umunyu n'inkari biva mu mubiri.
• Bigabanya ingano ya insuline ikorwa na pancreas yacu.
• Bigabanya umuvuduko w'ibiryo mu nzira y'igifu (GI) kandi bikanarinda igice cy'umubiri w'iyo nzira.
• Bigabanya imikorere ya lymphocytes, uturemangingo mu budahangarwa bw'umubiri.

Ni gute dopamine itunezeza?

Dopamine yitwa kandi "hormone yo kwishima" kuko ituma twumva twishimye kandi tunyuzwe. Nanone, iyo twishimiye ikintu runaka, ni yo dopamine idutera imbaraga zo kongera kugikora.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo: Dopamine ni kimwe mu bigize "uburyo bwacu bwo gutanga ibihembo." Ubu buryo bwagenewe kuduha ibihembo, kumva twishimye, iyo dukora ibintu dukeneye kugira ngo tubeho (nk'ukurya, kunywa, guhatana, no kubyara). Rero, nk'abantu, ubwonko bwacu bugomba gushaka imyitwarire irekura dopamine muri ubu buryo bwo gutanga ibihembo. Iyo ukoze ikintu gishimishije, ubwonko bwawe busohora dopamine nyinshi. Hanyuma wumva umeze neza, kandi ugakomeza gushaka iyo mitekerereze.

Niyo mpamvu tuba imbata y’ibiribwa bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane ibiryo bidafite akamaro n’isukari. Iyo tubiriye, ubwonko bwacu busohora dopamine nyinshi. Hanyuma twumva twishimye, nk’aho turi hejuru y’isi, kandi twifuza ko ubwo bunararibonye bwongera kubaho.

Bimera bite kugira urugero rukwiye rwa dopamine?

Niba urugero rwa dopamine yawe ruringaniye, uzagira ibyiyumvo nk'ibi:

• Bisa nkaho wishimye.
• Bisa nkaho ushishikajwe kandi ufite ishyaka.
• Ni nko kuba maso, ufite akanyamuneza.
• Bisa nkaho ushobora gukorana n'ibitekerezo byiza.

Bigenda bite iyo urugero rwa dopamine rugabanutse?

Iyo urugero rwa dopamine rugabanutse, ushobora guhura n'ibintu nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Urasa n'unaniwe cyane.
• Bisa nkaho nta nyungu iri mu kintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
• Bisa nkaho nta byishimo bihari.

Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso bikurikira bishobora kubaho:

• Gutakaza kwibuka.
• Impinduka zitunguranye mu byiyumvo (impinduka mu byiyumvo).
• Ibibazo byo gusinzira.
• Kugorwa no kwibanda ku bintu.
• Kugabanuka k'ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina.

Bite ho niba urugero rwa dopamine rwiyongereye?

Iyo urugero rwa dopamine ruri hejuru cyane, ushobora kugira ibyiyumvo nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Ibyishimo bikabije, ibyishimo (Euphoric).
• Kumva mfite imbaraga nyinshi.
• Irari ry'imibonano mpuzabitsina rikabije.

Ariko kandi, hari n'ibibi byo kongera urugero rwa dopamine. Ibi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kugorwa no gusinzira.
• Gufata ibyemezo bihubutse, bidahubutse (Kudafata ibyemezo neza).
• Kurushaho kugira ubukana.

Ni izihe ndwara zifitanye isano n'urugero ruto/ruri hejuru rwa dopamine?

Hari indwara nyinshi zifitanye isano n'urugero ruto cyangwa ruri hejuru rwa dopamine. Ariko haracyari byinshi byo kuvumbura kuri ibi. Urugero, ese indwara ivuka bitewe n'urugero ruto/runini rwa dopamine, cyangwa indwara ihindura urugero rwa dopamine? Wenda byombi ni uko imikorere y'urugingo rumwe nka dopamine idashobora kugaragara ukwarwo. Kuko, izindi neurotransmitters nyinshi, imisemburo, na chimique mu bwonko bwacu no mu mubiri wacu bikora hamwe. Ibi rero biragoye gato.

Ariko, hari indwara nyinshi zifitanye isano n'impinduka mu rugero rwa dopamine.

Indwara zijyanye no kubura dopamine:

• Indwara yo kudakora neza mu mutwe (ADHD): Abantu bafite iyi ndwara basanze bafite urugero ruke rwa dopamine.
• Indwara ya Parkinson: Ibi biterwa no kwangirika kw'uturemangingo tw'ubwonko dukora dopamine.
• Indwara y'amaguru adatuje: Indwara irangwa no kubabara mu maguru no gushaka kuyatembagaza.

Indwara zifitanye isano no kwiyongera kwa dopamine:

• Ubusa: Imitekerereze yo kwishima no gukora ibintu byinshi.
• Umubyibuho ukabije: Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje isano iri hagati ya dopamine n'umubyibuho ukabije.
• Ubusinzi: Dopamine igira uruhare runini mu kuba imbata y'ibiyobyabwenge n'urusimbi.

Indwara zifitanye isano n'urugero ruke n'urukomeye rwa dopamine:

Schizophrenia : Iyi ni indwara yo mu mutwe igoye. Ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe (nk'ibintu bitagaragara, kwibeshya) bishobora guterwa no kwiyongera kwa dopamine mu bice bimwe na bimwe by'ubwonko. Ibindi bimenyetso (nk'uburangare) bishobora guterwa no kugabanuka kwa dopamine mu bindi bice by'ubwonko.

Ni iyihe miti ijyanye na dopamine?

Hari imiti itandukanye ishobora kugenzura urugero rwa dopamine cyangwa igakora nka dopamine. Reka turebere hamwe.

Aba-Dopamine Agonists ni iki?

Dopamine agonists ni ubwoko bw'imiti ikora kimwe na dopamine karemano. Ifatana na za receptors za dopamine mu bwonko ikabutera imbaraga. Nk'uko uturemangingo tw'imitsi twitabira dopamine karemano.

Iyi miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya Parkinson, kwiheba, indwara yo kuruhuka kw'amaguru, ADHD, ubushake buke bwo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, na hyperprolactinemia (ubwiyongere bw'imisemburo ikora amata).

Ingero zimwe na zimwe:

• Ku ndwara ya Parkinson: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`, `(Ropinirole (Requip®))`, `(Rotigotine (Neupro®))`, `(Apomorphine HCl (KYNMOBI®))`.
• Ku bijyanye n'ihungabana: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Ku bafite ubushake buke bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Ku birebana na hyperprolactinemia: `(Bromocriptine (Parlodel®))`, `(Cabergoline (Dostinex®))`.

Abarwanyi ba Dopamine ni iki?

Imiti irwanya dopamine ni ubwoko bw'imiti ifatana na za receptors za dopamine mu bwonko ikazibuza. Ni ukuvuga ko ibuza dopamine kugera ku ngirabuzimafatizo z'imitsi. Imiti myinshi irwanya indwara zo mu mutwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe iri muri iki cyiciro.

Ibi bikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya schizophrenia , indwara ya bipolar, isesemi no kuruka.

Ingero:

Ku ndwara ya schizoaffective : `(Aripiprazole (Abilify®))`, `(Risperidone (Risperdal®))`, `(Ziprasidone (Geodon®))`.
• Ku ndwara ya bipolar: `(Risperidone)`, `(Olanzapine (Zyprexa®))`, `(Ziprasidone)`.
• Ku bijyanye n'isesemi no kuruka: `(Metoclopramide (Reglan®))`, `(Droperidol (Inapsine®))`.

Inhibitors za Dopamine Reuptake ni iki?

Imiti ibuza ingirabuzimafatizo za dopamine kongera kuyifata ni ubwoko bw'imiti ibuza uturemangingo tw'imitsi twasohoye dopamine kongera kuyifata. Ibi bituma dopamine nyinshi mu bwonko, ishobora gukoreshwa n'uturemangingo tw'imitsi twinshi.

Uyu muti ufasha mu kurwara ihungabana, gusinzira cyane (narcolepsy), no kurwara ibiyobyabwenge nko kunywa itabi no kurya cyane.

Ingero:

• Ku bijyanye n'ihungabana: `(Bupropion (Wellbutrin®))`.
• Ku ndwara ya narcolepsy: `(Modafinil (Provigil))`.
• Ku bijyanye n'ubusinzi bwa kokayine: `(Bupropion)`, `(Nomifensine)`, `(Benztropine (Cogentin))`, `(Mazindol)`.
• Kureka kunywa itabi: `(Bupropion)`.

Levodopa ni iki?

Levodopa ni wo muti w'ingenzi ukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya Parkinson. Indwara zo kugenda mu barwayi ba Parkinson ziterwa no kubura dopamine. Kugira ngo Levodopa igere mu bwonko (aho kuyigeza mu bindi bice by'umubiri), itangwa hamwe n'umuti witwa Carbidopa. Iyo Levodopa imaze kugera mu bwonko, ihinduka dopamine.

Ni uruhe ruhare rwa dopamine mu kuba imbata y'ibiyobyabwenge?

Iyo dukoresha ibiyobyabwenge byo kwidagadura, bibangamira uburyo uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu bwonko bwacu twohereza kandi tukakira ubutumwa. Ibiyobyabwenge nka marijuana na heroine bikora nk’imiti itera imitsi karemano. Ibiyobyabwenge nka amfetamine na kokayine bituma ingano nini y’imiti karemano (nka dopamine) irekurwa ako kanya, cyangwa ikareka kongera kwinjizwamo.

Ibi biyobyabwenge birushaho gukangura "ikigo cy'ingororano" cy'ubwonko bwacu. Iyo dukomeje gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge igihe kirekire, igice cy'ubwonko kiba kidakora neza, kandi ntitukiyumva neza nk'uko twabikora ku kindi kintu uretse ibiyobyabwenge. Nanone, kugira ngo tugire ibyishimo nk'ibyo, tugomba gufata ibiyobyabwenge byinshi. Muri icyo gihe, ikindi gice cy'ubwonko kirushaho kumva ububabare (nk'imihangayiko no kudatuza) bibaho iyo ingaruka z'ibiyobyabwenge zishize. Hanyuma tugashukwa kongera gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kugira ngo dukureho ubwo bubabare. Rero, kuba imbata ni uruziga rubi rukura binyuze mu buryo butandukanye.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi ubu batekereza ko uruhare rwa dopamine atari ugutera ibyishimo gusa, ahubwo ari ukwibuka ibintu bishimishije no kubishimangira kugira ngo bikoreshwe kenshi. Rero, iyo dopamine yijimye mu buryo butunguranye bitewe n'ibiyobyabwenge, yigisha ubwonko kwibuka ibyo wanyuzemo. Ubwonko bwawe buhuza ikoreshwa ry'ibiyobyabwenge n'ingeso zawe zose n'ibindi bimenyetso byose bijyana nabyo. Niyo mpamvu ushobora gusubira aho wakoresheje ibiyobyabwenge, ndetse na nyuma y'igihe kirekire uhagaritse kubikoresha, ukumva ko ukeneye uwo muti wongeye kuwukenera.

Nigute wakongera urugero rwa dopamine mu buryo busanzwe?

Ushobora kugerageza ibintu bishobora gufasha kongera urugero rwa dopamine mu buryo busanzwe. Ariko, hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku ngaruka z'ibiryo n'ibinyobwa ku ngirabuzimafatizo nka dopamine.

• Kurya indyo ikungahaye kuri manyeziyumu na tyrosine. Ibi ni byo byubaka dopamine. Tyrosine ni aside amine. Inyurwa n'umubiri ikajya mu bwonko, aho ihinduka dopamine. Ibiribwa bivugwa ko byongera dopamine birimo: inkoko, amande, pome, avoka, imineke, beterave, shokora (cyane cyane shokora yijimye), imboga, icyayi kibisi, ibishyimbo bya lima, oatmeal, amacunga, imbuto za macadamia, imbuto za sesame n'ibihaza, inyanya, turmeric, watermelon, n'ingano.
• Kora ibikorwa bigutera kwishima no kuruhuka. Ibi kandi bivugwa ko byongera urugero rwa dopamine. Ingero zirimo: gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, gutekereza cyane, gukora yoga, gukora massage, gukina n'itungo, gutembera mu bidukikije, cyangwa gusoma igitabo.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Dopamine ni umusemburo w’imitsi n’imisemburo. Igira uruhare mu mirimo myinshi y’ingenzi mu mibiri yacu, cyane cyane ingendo, kwibuka, kwishimisha, no gushishikarira. Urugero ruto cyangwa ruri hejuru rwa dopamine rwagiye rufitanye isano n’ibibazo byinshi by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe n’indwara z’imitsi.

Dopamine ni ikintu kigoye cyane. Haracyakorwa ubushakashatsi bwinshi ku bijyanye n'uko ifitanye isano n'ubuzima n'uko ikorana n'izindi neurotransmitters, imisemburo, n'ibinyabutabire.

Niba ubona ko ufite ibimenyetso by'urugero rwa dopamine ruri hasi cyangwa ruri hejuru, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga. Ashobora gusuzuma ibimenyetso byawe, gukora ibizamini bikenewe, no kugufasha gutegura gahunda ikwiye yo kuvura niba ufite ikibazo runaka. Wibuke ko utakwiyitirira, cyane cyane iyo ufite ikintu kigoye nk'iki.

Dopamine , neurotransmitter, imisemburo, ubwonko, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, indwara ya Parkinson, ubusinzi