Ikizamini cya Elastography: Byose ukeneye kumenya nta bwoba

Ese muganga wawe yakubwiye gukora ubwoko bushya bwa scan? Bishobora kwitwa 'Elastography'. Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho ritangaje, ariko mu by'ukuri ni ikizamini cyoroshye cyane, kidatera ububabare, kandi cy'ingenzi cyane. Ni nk'isuzuma rya ultrasound. Reka rero tureke gutinya ibi, kandi reka tuvuge kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye.

Elastography ni iki mu buryo bworoshye?

Muri make, Elastography ni ikizamini gipima "ubukonje" cyangwa ubworoherane/ubukomere bw'ingingo mu mubiri wacu, nk'umwijima. Gikoresha imitingito mike idatera ububabare kandi nto cyane kandi tudashobora kuyumva.

Tekereza muri ubu buryo. Umwijima muzima umeze nk'ikiyiko gishya cyanyoye amazi. Uroroshye kandi woroshye. Ariko iyo umwijima wangiritse bitewe n'indwara, utangira gukomera buhoro buhoro no gukomera. Ni nk'aho ikiyiko cyumye kigahinduka ibuye. Elastography ipima neza uburyo gikomeye. Iyo urugingo rukomeye cyane, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'iki kizamini?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa elastography. Muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bukubereye.

Ishusho ya Shear Wave Elastography ni iki?

Ubu ni ubundi buryo bushya bukomoka ku ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasound. Muri ubu buryo, hakoreshwa ubundi bwoko bwihariye bw'umuraba (shear waves) mu gupima ubukana bw'ingingo. Ibi bitanga ishusho isobanutse neza. Nubwo ubu buryo bugikomeje gutezwa imbere, bumaze gukoreshwa mu gusuzuma ibintu nk'amabere, umwijima, imitsi, prostate, na tiroyide.

Kuki usaba gukora iki kizamini cya Elastography?

Impamvu nyamukuru yo gukora ikizamini cya elastography ni ukureba indwara yitwa liver fibrosis .

Tekereza ko umwijima wacu uhora wangirika bitewe n'impamvu zitandukanye (urugero, kunywa inzoga nyinshi, virusi ya hepatite, umwijima w'ibinure). Hanyuma umwijima ugerageza kwivura. Muri iki gikorwa cyo gukira, nk'uko inkovu ibaho iyo igisebe ku ruhu rwacu gikize, inkovu zibaho mu mwijima. Ibi nibyo twita Fibrosis .

Uko iyi fibrosis ikomeza kwiyongera, ibangamira amaraso atembera mu mwijima. Iyo itavuwe, umwijima ushobora gukomera burundu no kugabanuka, bigatera indwara yitwa cirrhose . Ibi bishobora gutera ibibazo bikomeye by'ubuzima nka kanseri y'umwijima no kunanirwa k'umwijima.

Rero, niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara y'umwijima (urugero: umwijima w'ibinure, hepatite) cyangwa ugaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara nk'izo, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima Elastography.

• Ushobora kumenya neza urwego rwa fibrosis ufite.
• Bityo rero, ushobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.
• Birashoboka gukurikirana uburyo umwijima witabira ubuvuzi butangwa.

Ni nde ukora iki kizamini? Ni ukuri gute?

Iki kizamini gikunze gukorwa n'inzobere mu by'imirasire , umuganga w'inzobere mu gufata amashusho y'ubuvuzi. Azakorana na muganga w'umuryango wawe n'inzobere mu by'indwara z'umwijima kugira ngo bafate ibyemezo ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwawe.

Iki kizamini gifatwa nk'aho ari cyo cy'ukuri cyane mu gusuzuma indwara ya fibrosis y'umwijima. Mu bihe byashize, hasabwaga isuzuma ry'indwara kugira ngo hamenyekane neza iyi ndwara. Ariko, kubera Elastography, aya makuru ubu ashobora kuboneka nta bubabare cyangwa ngo agire ingaruka ku mubiri.

Uburyo bwo gukora ikizamini intambwe ku yindi

Uburyo ubikora buzatandukana gato bitewe n'ubwoko bw'umuti wahawe.

Uburyo bwo gukora isuzuma rya "Transient Elastography" (Ultrasound):

Ibi bizatwara iminota mike gusa.

1. Ubwa mbere, umuganga w’imirasire azashyira gel imeze nk'amazi ku ruhu rwawe, aho umwijima wawe uri (iburyo bw'inda yawe, munsi y'imbavu zawe). Ibi bizatuma icyuma gipima uruhu rwawe kigenda byoroshye.

2. Hanyuma, agakoresho gato gakoreshwa mu ntoki (transducer) gashyirwa aho hantu kakagenda buhoro buhoro inyuma no imbere.

3. Iki gikoresho cyohereza agahinda gato ku mwijima tudashobora kumva.

4. Umuvuduko w'imiraba ikubita umwijima hanyuma igasubira inyuma upimwa na mudasobwa. Uko umwijima urushaho gukomera, niko umuvuduko iyo miraba igenda wiyongera.

5. Ikoresheje aya makuru, mudasobwa ipima ubukana bw'umwijima ikabyerekana nk'ishusho.

Uburyo bwo gukora MRE (Magnetic Resonance Elastography):

Ibi akenshi bifata iminota 5, ariko iyo bikozwe na MRI yuzuye, bishobora gufata iminota 45.

1. Uzashyirwa ku meza. Ushobora guhabwa inkunga nk'imishumi kugira ngo igufashe kuguma uhagaze.

2. Hari agakoresho gato (ikinyabiziga) mu gice cyo hasi cy'iburyo cy'igituza cyawe (hejuru y'umwijima).

3. Hari ibindi bikoresho byinshi byohereza kandi bikakira amajwi ya radiyo bishyirwa ku ruhu ruri hafi aho.

4. Hari igihe (atari buri gihe) agace gato k'amaraso gashyirwa mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe hanyuma hagaterwamo amazi yihariye (contrast - gadolinium). Ibi bituma amashusho arushaho kugaragara neza.

5. Hanyuma ameza uriho azagenda buhoro buhoro yinjira muri mashini ya MRI, isa n'umuyoboro munini.

6. Umuganga w’imirasire yicaye kuri mudasobwa hanze y’imashini maze akagenzura ikizamini.

7. Uzasabwa guhagarika umwuka wawe mu masegonda make. Muri icyo gihe, umushoferi azohereza utunyangingo duto mu mwijima maze afate amafoto.

Wakwitegura ute mbere yo gukora ikizamini?

Ni ingenzi cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza muganga aguha mbere yo gupima electrolastography. Ubusanzwe, ushobora kwitega ibintu nk'ibi:

• Ibiryo: Ntukarye cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu cyose kiryoshye (icyayi gishyushye, ikawa, ibinyobwa bidasembuye, umutobe w'imbuto) mbere yo gupimwa. Isukari ishobora guhindura gato igipimo cy'ubukana bw'umwijima. Ushobora gusabwa kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha make mbere yo gupimwa. Baza muganga wawe amabwiriza yihariye.
• Imyenda:Ku munsi w'ikizamini, siga imitako yawe, amasaha yawe n'udupira two mu mutwe mu rugo. Ambara imyenda idafite isuku kandi ijyanye n'igihe. Ushobora kuba ukeneye kwambara ikanzu yihariye itangwa n'ibitaro.
• Ibintu by'icyuma (kuri MRE): Niba ufite ibintu by'icyuma byashyizwemo (urugero: pacemakers, utwuma tw'ubuhanga, ingingo z'ubukorano), menya neza ko wabimenyesheje umuganga w'imirasire mbere y'igihe. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi z'imashini ya MRI.
• Gutwita: Bwira muganga wawe n'inzobere mu by'imirasire niba utwite cyangwa ukeka ko utwite. Gupima hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya elastography ni byiza mu gihe utwite. Ariko, gupima hakoreshejwe MRI ntibikunze gukorwa mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'inda.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingaruka buri muri ibi?

Muri rusange, MRE ni nziza iyo ukurikije amabwiriza y’umutekano witonze. Imbaraga rukuruzi ntabwo yangiza umubiri. Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, habaho ubwivumbure ku kintu gitandukanya imiti (gadolinium) gikoreshwa. Nanone, iyo uhawe umuti utuma uruhuka mu gihe cyo gupimwa, hashobora kubaho ingaruka zijyanye no gukoresha imiti irenze urugero. Ariko, ibi ni gake cyane.

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini bivuga iki?

Ikizamini cyawe cya Elastography gitanga ishusho y'umwijima wawe. Umuganga w'imirasire asesengura ishusho kugira ngo amenye urwego rw'ubukomere, cyangwa inkovu, z'umwijima wawe. Uru rwego akenshi ruhabwa amanota kuva kuri F0 kugeza kuri F4.

Mu minsi mike nyuma yo gupimwa, umuganga w’indwara zo mu maraso azategura raporo y’ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi maze ayoherereze umuganga ukuvura. Hanyuma umuganga azaguhamagara kugira ngo agusobanurire ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi kandi akuganirize ku bigomba gukorwa nyuma yaho.