Iyo wuzuye ibyuya, unaniwe cyane, cyangwa urwaye igifu, ushobora kuba warumvise abantu bakuru bavuga bati: "Urananiwe, nywa icunga." Cyangwa wenda wumva unaniwe gusa, unaniwe, cyangwa uzungera. Ibyinshi muri ibi bintu bishobora guterwa no kudahuza kw'amashanyarazi mu mubiri wacu. None se aya electrolyte ni iki? Kuki ari ingenzi cyane ku mibiri yacu? Reka tubiganireho birambuye kandi byoroshye uyu munsi.
None se, Electrolyte ni iki mu by'ukuri?
Mu magambo make, electrolytes ni ibintu bishobora kugira amashanyarazi make iyo bishongeshejwe mu mazi. Tekereza nka batiri. Iyi ni imyunyu ngugu ishobora gufata amashanyarazi meza (+) cyangwa mabi (-).
Noneho reba, umubiri w'umuntu mukuru ni 60% by'amazi . Ibyo bivuze ko buri selile mu mubiri wacu, buri selile, irimo izi elektrolyte. Iyo zitabaho, ntitwaba dushobora gukora ibintu byinshi, nko kugenzura imikorere ya chimique mu mubiri wacu, kuringaniza ingano y'amazi ari imbere n'inyuma y'uturemangingo twacu, gutuma imitsi yacu ikora, no kohereza ubutumwa bw'imitsi.
Izi electrolyte tuzibona mu byo turya n'ibyo tunywa. Urugero, amacunga, imineke n'umunyu birimo byinshi muri byo. Impyiko zacu zikora nk'akayunguruzo k'umubiri wacu. Iyo umubiri ufite electrolyte nyinshi kuruta izo ukeneye, impyiko zisohora ibirenze ibyo zikenera mu nkari. Electrolyte nazo zisohoka mu mibiri yacu iyo tubyuya.
Igikuru ni ukugira electrolytes zihagije mu mubiri. Iyo zirenze urugero zishobora gutera ibibazo, naho nke cyane zishobora gutera ibibazo.
Reka dusobanukirwe amagambo amwe n'amwe dukunze kumva.
Ushobora guhura n'aya magambo iyo uganira na muganga cyangwa usoma raporo. Ni ingenzi cyane kumenya ibisobanuro byayo byoroshye.
| Ijambo | Ubusobanuro bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Hyper- (hyper-) | Iri jambo rikoreshwa mu kuvuga ko ikintu "gikabije" . Urugero: Hypernatremia (ubwiyongere bwa sodium). |
| Hypo- (hypo) | Iri jambo rikoreshwa mu gusobanura "kubura" ikintu runaka. Urugero: Hypokalemia (potassium nkeya). |
| Iyoni | Molekile ifite umuriro w'amashanyarazi. |
| agaciro ka pH | Igipimo cy'uko amazi ari aside cyangwa alkaline/ibanze. pH isanzwe y'amaraso yacu igomba kuba hagati ya 7.36 na 7.44. |
Electrolytes z'ingenzi mu mubiri wacu n'imikorere yazo
Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa electrolytes mu mubiri wacu. Buri kimwe muri byo gifite akazi kacyo. Reka turebe iby'ingenzi, ikibaho iyo byiyongere, n'ikibaho iyo bigabanuka, muri iyi mbonerahamwe.
| Electrolyte | Ibimenyetso bigaragara iyo habayeho kwiyongera (Hyper-) | Ibimenyetso by'ibura ry'umubiri (Hypo-) |
|---|---|---|
| Sodiyumu (Sodiyumu / Na+) - Ni ingenzi mu kuringaniza amazi mu turemangingo no kwinjiza intungamubiri. | ||
| Hypernatremia | Urujijo, impinduka mu myitwarire, kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imitsi, gucika intege, koma. | Kubura ubwenge, kurakara, isesemi no kuruka, gucika intege, koma. |
| Potasiyumu (Potasiyumu / K+) - Ni ingenzi cyane ku mikorere y'umutima n'imitsi. | ||
| Hyperkalemia | Kutagira ubuzima, kudashobora kwimuka kw'imitsi, no gutera k'umutima ku buryo budasanzwe (arrhythmias). | Kubabara imitsi no gucika intege, kugira inyota nyinshi no kwihagarika kenshi, gucika intege, no gutera umutima mu buryo butari bwo. |
| Kalisiyumu (Kalisiyumu / Ca2+) - Ikenewe cyane atari ku magufwa n'amenyo gusa, ahubwo no ku mitsi, imitsi n'umutima. | ||
| Hypercalcemia | Kuribwa umutwe, umunaniro ukabije, amabuye mu mpyiko, kubabara mu gifu, kuribwa mu nda, gutera impatwe, umutima utera nabi. | Kuvangavanga, imitsi icikagurika, no gufungana kw'imitsi yo mu muhogo, bigatuma bigoye kuvuga cyangwa guhumeka. |
| Magnesiyumu (Magnesiyumu / Mg2+) - Ifasha mu gutanga imbaraga, imikorere y'ubwonko n'imitsi. | ||
| Hypermagnesemia | Impinduka mu gutera k'umutima, guhumeka bigoranye, ndetse no guhagarara k'umutima bishobora kubaho. | Intege nke z'imitsi, kuribwa mu mitsi, kudakora neza k'umutima. |
| Chloride (Cl-) - Ifasha mu kugena uburinganire bw'amazi n'ubuziranenge bw'amazi mu mubiri. | ||
| Hyperchloremia | Ubwiyongere bw'aside mu maraso (acidosis), isesemi, kuruka, umunaniro ukabije, guhumeka vuba. | Ubwiyongere bw'alkali mu maraso (alkalosis), igihu cyo mu bwonko, imitsi idakora neza, imitsi ikagira imitsi. |
| Fosfate (Fosfate / PO43−) - Ni igikoresho cy'ubwubatsi bwa ADN, gifasha uturemangingo gukora ingufu. | ||
| Hyperphosphatemia | Akenshi bitera urugero ruke rwa kalisiyumu. Bishobora gutera uburyaryate bukabije. | Intege nke z'imitsi. Indwara zikomeye, imitsi yangiritse (rhabdomyolysis), ibicurane, guhumeka bigoranye. |
| Bikarubonate (Bikarubonate / HCO3−) - Ifasha mu kugenzura pH (acidity/alkalinity) y'amaraso. | ||
| Alkalose (yiyongera) | Igihu cyo mu bwonko, ubunebwe, umutima utera cyane, imitsi itera cyane. | Kubura aside (kubura aside) - isesemi, kuruka, umunaniro ukabije, guhumeka vuba kandi mu buryo bwimbitse. |
Wamenya ute niba hari ikibazo cya electrolyte?
Niba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, muganga wawe ashobora gukeka ko hari electrolyte imbalance. Kugira ngo byemezwe, akenshi azakora ibizamini bike by'amaraso n'inkari .
Ushobora kuba warumvise ibi.
- Igice cy'ibanze cya Metabolic Panel (BMP): Ibi bishobora gutanga igitekerezo cy'ingenzi cy'ibinyabutabire by'ingenzi (nka sodium, potasiyumu, koloride) n'imikorere y'impyiko.
- Comprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP): Iyi ni incamake y'ibisobanuro birambuye kurusha BMP. Itanga amakuru ku bindi bintu nka calcium na enzymes z'umwijima.
- Igice cya Electrolyte: Ibi bireba gusa urugero rwa electrolyte.
Niba ibi bizamini by'ibanze bigaragaza ko hari ibitagenda neza, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko hakorwa ibizamini byihariye kugira ngo amenye impamvu.
Nsobanukirwa nte indangagaciro ziri muri raporo?
Raporo y'ikizamini uzahabwa izaba irimo "urutonde rw'ingero" ruriho agaciro kawe. Niba agaciro kawe kari muri urwo rugero, bifatwa nk'ibisanzwe.
Ariko ibuka ko hari igihe agaciro kawe gashobora kuba karenze gato urugero rusanzwe, ariko bishobora kuba atari ikibazo gikomeye. Kandi rimwe na rimwe, nubwo agaciro kawe kaba kari mu rugero rusanzwe, niba ufite ibimenyetso, bishobora kuba ikindi kibazo.
Ibi ni nko kuzunguza isahani ku giti. Kuringaniza ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi. Imibiri yacu ihora igerageza kubungabunga iri ringaniza. Kubwibyo, umuganga wawe ni we wenyine ushobora kuguha ibisobanuro byiza by'ibisubizo by'ibizamini byawe.Bityo rero vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibyo.
Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?
Ibimenyetso by’ihindagurika ry’amashanyarazi mu mubiri bishobora gusa n’ibisanzwe, nko kunanirwa no kuzerera. Ariko niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, ugomba kujya kwa muganga.
- Niba wumva umunaniro uhoraho cyangwa intege nke .
- Niba umutima wawe wumva wihuta cyangwa utari mu buryo busanzwe .
- Niba ufite urujijo, guhangayika, cyangwa kwibagirwa .
- Niba uhura n'ububabare bw'imitsi kenshi, imitsi ikagira imitsi ihindagurika, cyangwa kuribwa mu nda .
- Niba ufite isesemi ikomeye, kuruka, cyangwa impiswi .
Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ntubyirengagize. Guhabwa ubuvuzi ku gihe bishobora gukumira ingorane zikomeye.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Electrolyte ni ubwoko bw'imyunyu ngugu ikenewe cyane kugira ngo imitsi, imitsi, umutima n'ubwonko by'umubiri wacu bikore neza.
- Kuringaniza ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi cyane. Kurenze urugero no kubura bishobora gutera indwara.
- Ibi tubikura mu ndyo yuzuye n'ibinyobwa tunywa. Imbuto, imboga n'amacunga ni byiza cyane.
- Mu bihe nko kubira ibyuya byinshi, kuruka, cyangwa impiswi, electrolytes nyinshi zishobora gukurwa mu mubiri. Ni ngombwa kunywa ikinyobwa nka Jeevani muri ibyo bihe.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kunanirwa guhoraho, kubabara imitsi, cyangwa impinduka mu gutera k'umutima, ntubyirengagize kandi uganire na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama .
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.