Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva unaniwe cyane nta mpamvu? Cyangwa wiyongera cyangwa ugabanye ibiro mu buryo butunguranye? Ese amarangamutima yawe arahindagurika? Nyuma y'ibi bintu byinshi tudashobora kwiyumvisha hari itsinda ry'intumwa zikomeye cyane, ariko zitagaragara mu mubiri wawe. Izi misemburo tuyita. Rero, urusobe rwose rukora izi misemburo, rukayigenzura, kandi rukayikwirakwiza mu mubiri wose ni icyo twita Sisitemu y'Imisemburo . Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi sisitemu itangaje mu magambo make.
Mu by'ukuri sisitemu y'imisemburo ni iki?
Mu magambo make, sisitemu y'imisemburo ni urusobe rw'imyakura mu mubiri wawe ikora ubutumwa bw'ibinyabutabire bwitwa imisemburo. Iyi misemburo yinjira mu maraso ikagenda mu mubiri wose, ikagenzura uturemangingo, ingingo, n'imikorere itandukanye.
Tekereza nk'uko serivisi y'iposita ikora mu gihugu cyacu ibikora. Utu tunyangingo twandika amabaruwa (hormones) tukayohereza mu nzira zitwa imitsi y'amaraso, twohereza ubutumwa ku ngingo zibishinzwe. Urugero, iyi sisitemu igira uruhare muri byose kuva ku mikurire yawe, gusinzira, inzara, amarangamutima, uburumbuke, n'urugero rw'isukari mu maraso.
Iyo hari ubusumbane buto muri iyi gahunda, byaba ari ukwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka kw'imisemburo, ibibazo byinshi bishobora kuvuka mu mubiri wacu. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kubimenya.
Ibice by'ingenzi bya sisitemu y'imisemburo n'imikorere yabyo
Uturemangingo dukora iyi misemburo tuba mu bice bitandukanye by'umubiri wacu. Tumwe turi mu bwonko, utundi turi mu ijosi, mu gituza no mu nda. Reka turebe icyo utu turemangingo n'ingingo z'ingenzi ari cyo n'icyo dukora.
| Ingirabuzimafatizo / Urugingo | Aho biherereye | Imikorere y'ingenzi |
|---|---|---|
| Hypothalamus | Mu bwonko | Ni nk'ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura sisitemu y'imisemburo. Ni cyo kibwira ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary gukora cyangwa guhagarika imisemburo. |
| Indwara y'ubwonko (pituitary gland) | Mu bwonko | Iyi yitwa "Master Gland." Igenzura izindi mvubura nyinshi mu mubiri. Ikora imisemburo myinshi y'ingenzi, nka Growth Hormone, Prolactin, itera umusaruro w'amata ku babyeyi bonsa, na Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). |
| Indwara ya Pineal | Mu bwonko | Ikora imisemburo ya melatonine, igenga ibitotsi byacu. Ni yo idufasha gusinzira nijoro. |
| Indwara ya Tiroyide | Imbere y'ijosi | Igenzura imikorere y'umubiri, ni ukuvuga umuvuduko w'ingufu zikoreshwa. Iyo iyi hormone iri hasi (Hypothyroidism), ishobora gutera kubabara imitsi, kwiyongera ibiro, no kubura impatwe. Iyo iri hejuru (Hyperthyroidism), ishobora gutera umutima kwiyongera, kugabanya ibiro no kubira ibyuya. |
| Ingirabuzimafatizo za Parathyroid | Inyuma y'umuyoboro wa tiroyide | Izi ni uturemangingo tune duto dufasha amagufwa gukomeza imbaraga binyuze mu kugena urugero rwa kalisiyumu na fosifore mu mubiri. |
| Ingirabuzimafatizo z'intanga ngabo | Hejuru y'impyiko ebyiri | Adrenaline, imisemburo ya "kurwana cyangwa guhunga", ikorerwa hano. Ikora kandi imisemburo nka cortisol, igenzura stress. |
| Pancreas | Inyuma y'inda | Uru ni urugingo rw’umubiri rugize uturemangingo tw’igogora n’urw’imisemburo. Rukora imisemburo yitwa insuline na glucagon, igenzura urugero rw’isukari mu maraso. Diyabete ifitanye isano itaziguye n’ibi. |
| Intanga | Mu gice cy'ikibuno cy'abagore | Abagore bakora imisemburo ya estrogen na progesterone, igenga imihango, imikurire y'amabere, no gutwita. |
| Amasabo y'intanga (Testes) | Mu gice cy'ikibuno cy'abagabo | Testosterone ikorwa, ari yo misemburo y'abagabo. Ni ingenzi cyane mu gukura k'ubwanwa, ubwoya bwo mu gituza mu gihe cy'ubugimbi, ijwi rirushaho kwiyongera, no gukora intanga ngabo. |
Ibibazo n'ibimenyetso by'urusobe rw'imisemburo
Indwara zitandukanye zishobora guterwa no kugabanuka cyangwa kwiyongera kw'imikorere y'iyi sisitemu. Ushobora kuba warumvise zimwe muri zo.
- Diyabete Mellitus: Iyo pancreas idakora insuline ihagije cyangwa umubiri udashobora gukoresha insuline neza, isukari mu maraso iba iri hejuru cyane.
- Indwara za tiroyide: Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, imisemburo mike (Hypothyroidism) cyangwa myinshi (Hyperthyroidism) ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere y'umubiri.
- Indwara y'intanga ngabo (PCOS): Kudahuza kw'imisemburo mu myororokere ku bagore bishobora gutera ibibazo nko guhindagurika kw'imihango, ibiheri, no gukura k'umusatsi udashaka.
- Osteoporose: Indwara aho amagufwa acika intege kandi agacika vuba iyo imisemburo (cyane cyane estrogen) ikenewe kugira ngo amagufwa akomere igabanuke.
- Ubugimbi butaragera ku myaka 10: Hari abana bajya mu bwangavu mbere y’uko bisanzwe (mbere y’imyaka 8 ku bakobwa na 9 ku bahungu) kubera ko imisemburo igenzura imisemburo y’imyororokere idakora neza.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Ni ibisanzwe ko imisemburo yacu ihinduka uko tugenda dusaza. Ariko, niba ukomeje kugira kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira, ni ngombwa kubibwira muganga.
Kugira ibi bimenyetso ntibivuze ko ufite indwara ikomeye. Ariko, ni byiza gushaka impamvu no gushaka ubuvuzi nibiba ngombwa . Bityo rero ntutinye kujya kwa muganga.
- Gukenera kunyara kenshi no kugira inyota nyinshi.
- Kongera ibiro cyangwa kugabanuka ku buryo butunguranye nta mpamvu.
- Kumva unaniwe cyane kandi ufite intege nke cyane buri gihe.
- Umutima utera cyane mu buryo butunguranye.
- Kubira ibyuya byinshi.
- Isesemi idashira cyangwa kubabara mu nda.
- Gutinda cyangwa gukura kare cyangwa ubwangavu mu bana.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Sisitemu y'imisemburo ni urusobe rw'imyakura ikora imisemburo itanga ubutumwa hagati y'uturemangingo mu mubiri wacu.
- Ubu buryo bugenzura hafi ya byose, harimo imikurire yawe, uko wumva umeze, ibitotsi byawe, imikorere y'umubiri wawe, n'uko ubyara.
- Kudahuza kw'imisemburo bishobora gutera ibibazo bitandukanye by'ubuzima, nka diyabete, indwara ya tiroyide, na PCOS.
- Indyo yuzuye, imyitozo ngororamubiri ihoraho , no gusinzira bihagije bifasha mu gutuma sisitemu yawe y'imisemburo ikomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza.
- Niba ufite ibimenyetso bitazwi, ntutinye cyangwa ngo utinde kubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.
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Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.