Iyo uri hafi kubyara cyangwa witegura kubagwa bikomeye, kumva muganga wawe avuga "epidural" bishobora gutera impungenge. Igitekerezo cyo guterwa urushinge hafi y'umugongo wawe gitera abantu benshi ubwoba. Ariko se epidural ni iki? Ikora ite, kandi ni ikintu wagakwiye gutinya koko? Reka tubisobanure mu buryo bworoshye kandi busobanutse neza hamwe na Nirogi Lanka.
Mu magambo make, epidural ni iki?
Epidural ikubiyemo gutanga imiti ahantu runaka (ahantu ho mu mugongo) hakikije imitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo. Ntabwo iterwa mu ruti rw'umugongo ubwarwo—ishyirwa mu gace kayikikije gusa. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugabanya ububabare.
Ikunze gukoreshwa kuri:
- Kubyara no kubyara kugira ngo habeho ububabare bukomeye.
- Gutera ibisebe (anesthesia)ku bijyanye no kubaga.
- Kurwanya ububabare nyuma yo kubagwa.
- Kuvura ububabare budakira bw'umugongo , nk'ububabare buterwa n'ikibuno cy'uruti rw'umugongo.
Ni ubuhe bwoko butandukanye bwa epidurals?
Bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye mu buvuzi, abaganga bakoresha ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa epidurals.
| Ubwoko bwa Epidural | Ibisobanuro n'Imikoreshereze |
|---|---|
| Anesthesia yo mu kibuno | Ubu buryo bukubiyemo gutera ikinyabutabire kugira ngo kibuze ububabare n'ibyiyumvo. Bukunze gukoreshwa mu kugabanya ububabare mu gihe cyo kubyara no mu kubaga. |
| Urushinge rwa Epidural Steroid (ESI) | Ibi bikubiyemo gutera umuti wa corticosteroid kugira ngo ugabanye ububabare n'uburibwe ku mitsi. Akenshi uhabwa imiti ivura ububabare budakira. Iyo miti ishobora kumara ibyumweru byinshi cyangwa amezi menshi. |
Bikora bite?
Uburyo epidural ikora biterwa n'ubwoko bwihariye wakira.
Anesthesia yo mu bwonko ikora mu guhagarika by'agateganyo ibimenyetso by'ububabare biva mu mitsi yo mu ruti rw'umugongo bijya mu bwonko bwawe. Ushobora kubitekerezaho nko "kuzimya" iyi mitsi mu gihe runaka. Igihe ingaruka zimara kigenwa n'ingano itangwa.
Inshinge za Epidural Steroid (ESI) zitanga imiti mu buryo butaziguye mu mitsi ibyimbye, ibi bifasha kugabanya kubyimba no gushyuha kw'umuvuduko aho ububabare buturuka.
Uburyo bwo Gukoresha
Itsinda ry'abaganga bawe rishobora gukoresha uburyo butandukanye kugira ngo batange imiti:
- Guterwa rimwe: Igipimo cy'umuti rimwe, gikunze gukoreshwa cyane mu gutera Epidural Steroid Injections (ESI).
- Epidural ifite catheter: Catheter ni umuyoboro muto cyane kandi woroshye. Uyu muyoboro ushyirwa mu mwanya wa epidural, bigatuma muganga wawe aguha imiti uko bikenewe. Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kubyara no mu gihe cyo kubaga igihe kirekire.
- Umuti ugabanya ububabare ugenzurwa n'umurwayi (PCA): Uyu muti unakoresha catheter, ariko uhabwa igikoresho gikoreshwa mu ntoki. Ushobora gukanda buto kugira ngo wihe umuti w'ububabare igihe bikenewe. Uyu muti wateguwe mbere kugira ngo utange umuti wizewe kandi wemejwe na muganga , bityo ushobore kumva ufite umutekano.
- Umugongo uvanze n'imyakura (CSE): Akenshi ukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kubyara, rimwe na rimwe witwa "imyakura igenda." Nubwo utazashobora kugenda neza, ushobora kugumana ibyiyumvo bihagije mu maguru yawe kugira ngo uhindukire cyangwa ugende neza mu buriri.
Ese ukeneye kwitegura epidural?
Yego. Imyiteguro iterwa n'ubwoko bw'indwara yo mu nda n'ibyo ukeneye mu buvuzi. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse neza, ariko ushobora gusabwa:
- Ihutire (kureka kurya no kunywa) amasaha menshi mbere yo kubagwa.
- Hagarika by'agateganyo imiti imwe n'imwe, cyane cyane imiti igabanya amaraso .
- Teganya ko umuntu azagutwara akagutwara akagutwara akagutaha nyuma y'igikorwa.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo gukorerwa ikizamini?
Ubunararibonye buratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'indwara yo mu mutwe.
Ku inshinge imwe:
Uzaba uryamye ku nda. Hanyuma, muganga wawe aza:
1. Fata inshinge zo mu gace utuyemo kugira ngo ushire ibisebe mu gace utuyemo.
2. Koresha fluoroscopy —uburyo bwo gufata amashusho ya X-ray—kugira ngo urebe neza ko urushinge rwashyizwemo neza.
3. Shyira urushinge mu mwanya w'inyuma hanyuma ushyiremo umuti.
4. Kuraho urushinge hanyuma upfuke aho hantu ukoresheje agapfundikizo gato cyangwa plaster.
Ku gice cyo mu muyoboro w’amaraso gifite catheter:
1. Hazashyirwamo umurongo wa IV kugira ngo haboneke amazi.
2. Uzasabwa kuryama ugaramye amavi yawe yerekeza ku gituza, cyangwa kwicara ukerekeza imbere. Iyi myanya ifasha gufungura imyanya iri hagati y'amagufwa yawe.
3. Aho umuntu ashyirwa hazaba hakozwe ikinya cyo mu gace k'umubiri.
4. Hazashyirwamo urushinge rw'inyuma, hanyuma katheteri (umuyoboro muto) izashyirwa mu mwanya w'inyuma.
5. Hanyuma urushinge rukurwamo witonze, hagasigaramo catheter gusa.
6. Imiti itangwa binyuze muri katheteri uko bikenewe.
7. Katheteri izakurwaho igihe ubuvuzi bwawe buzaba burangiye (ibi bishobora kuba nyuma y'amasaha cyangwa iminsi).
Uzumva umeze ute?
Ushobora kumva ubabara igihe gito iyo utewe urushinge rwo mu gace utuyemo. Iyo utewe urushinge rwo mu gice cy’imbere, ushobora kumva ufite igitutu, ubabara, ushyushye, cyangwa ukumva "ufite amashanyarazi" by'akanya gato. Hari abantu bumva bike cyane. Ubu bubabare bukunze kurangira iyo igikorwa kirangiye. Ariko, niba ugize ububabare bukabije cyangwa budashobora kwihanganira, nyamuneka menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka mbi zo gukubita epidural?
Muri Nirogi Lanka, twemera ko epidural ari uburyo bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro mu kuvura ububabare. Mu gihe cyo kubyara, butanga ubworoherane kurusha ubundi buryo bwo kugabanya ububabare. Ingaruka mbi ntizikunze kugaragara. Ku barwayi bafite ububabare budakira, kugera ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura ububabare binyuze muri ubu buryo rimwe na rimwe bishobora kugufasha kwirinda kubagwa.
Nkuko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ingaruka ntoya. Ariko, wibuke ko ingorane zikomeye zikunze kubaho gake cyane .
Ingaruka zishobora kubaho zirimo:
- Kuva amaraso aho bateye inshinge.
- Kwandura aho bateye inshinge.
- Kwangirika kw'imitsi (bidakunze kubaho cyane).
- Uburyo bwo kugira ubwivumbure ku muti.
- Kuva kw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF), bishobora gutera umutwe nyuma.
Ese epidural itera ububabare bw'umugongo bw'igihe kirekire?
Iki ni ikibazo gikunze kugaragara kuri benshi, ariko wibuke ko ari gake cyane ko epidural itera ububabare bw'umugongo bw'igihe kirekire cyangwa budakira .
Ni ibisanzwe kumva ububabare bw'igihe gito cyangwa ibikomere aho batewe urushinge mu minsi mike, akenshi bigahita byikiza ubwabyo. Ababyeyi benshi babyara bagira ububabare bw'umugongo nyuma yo kubyara —nubwo baba bararwaye epidural cyangwa batarwaye . Ibi akenshi biterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere y'amagufwa n'imitsi yo mu kibuno mu gihe cyo gutwita bisubira uko byari bimeze mbere yo gutwita.
Igihe cyo gushaka ubuvuzi
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira nyuma yo guterwa epidural, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya cyangwa ujye mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bw’ibanze ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe .
| Ibimenyetso byo kwitondera |
|---|
| • Umuriro. |
| • Kubura uburyo bwo kugenzura uruhago cyangwa amara (kunanirwa kwifata mu nkari cyangwa mu mwanda). |
| • Kubura ibinure cyangwa intege nke mu maguru yawe bikamara igihe kirekire kuruta uko muganga yabikubwiye. |
| • Umutwe ukabije ubaho iyo uhagaze cyangwa wicaye kandi ukarushaho kumera neza iyo uryamye. |
Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura umugongo wawe. Ariko, epidural ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane, bwizewe kandi bufite akamaro mu kuvura ububabare ku isi yose. Ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe ku mugaragaro ku bibazo cyangwa ubwoba ushobora kuba ufite. Nirogi Lanka yiyemeje kugufasha kugira ubuzima bwiza.
Ibintu by'ingenzi byakunzwe
- Uburyo bwo kuvura ububabare bukoresha epidural ni uburyo bwizewe kandi busanzwe bwo kugabanya ububabare neza.
- Ishyirwa mu mwanya ukikije umugongo (epidural space), ntabwo ishyirwa mu mugongo ubwawo.
- Ikoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare mu gihe cyo kubyara, kubagwa, no mu kuvura ububabare budakira.
- Ingorane zikomeye ni gake cyane; ububabare buto bugaragara aho hantu mu gihe cy'iminsi mike ni ibisanzwe.
- Igitekerezo cy'uko epidurals zitera ububabare bw'umugongo igihe kirekire ahanini ni imyumvire idahwitse.
- Buri gihe ganira ku gushidikanya cyangwa ubwoba ubwo aribwo bwose n'umuganga wawe ku mugaragaro.
Epidural, kugabanya ububabare, ububabare bwo kubyara, ikinya, kuziba uruti rw'umugongo, kugabanya ububabare, ububabare bw'umugongo
